The Root Scaling Study Team also found that the proposed changes to the root also affects the end-system applications of the internet such as the web browsers, intermediary “middleboxes” that perform traffic shaping, firewall, and caching functions; and ISPs that manage the DNS services provided to internet users. | The Root Scaling Study Team also found that the proposed changes to the root also affects the end-system applications of the internet such as the web browsers, intermediary “middleboxes” that perform traffic shaping, firewall, and caching functions; and ISPs that manage the DNS services provided to internet users. |