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This should not be taken as a canonical resource regarding ICANN's evolution. Technological and policy initiatives overlap. The boundaries for each era are necessarily fuzzy. Although the effort is to identify themes within the events and history of a given era, there is no guarantee that we have it "right," or that there is a "perfectly correct" representation of a given timeframe.
This should not be taken as a canonical resource regarding ICANN's evolution. Technological and policy initiatives overlap. The boundaries for each era are necessarily fuzzy. Although the effort is to identify themes within the events and history of a given era, there is no guarantee that we have it "right," or that there is a "perfectly correct" representation of a given timeframe.
==1968-1976: DARPA Era - The Birth of the Internet==
==1968-1976: The Birth of the Internet==
===ARPANET===
===ARPANET===
<gallery>
<gallery>
====Events====
====Events====
* Over 20,000 servers online hosting websites
* Over 20,000 servers online hosting websites
==1988-1995: Legitimization Era==
==1988-1995: Legitimization==
===1988===
===1988===
====Documents & RFCs====
====Documents & RFCs====
* RFC 1083 - Internet Activities Board Official Protocol Standards (first mention of the [[Internet Assigned Numbers Authority]] (IANA) in the RFC Index)<ref>[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc1083.html RFC 1083 - IAB Official Protocol Standards], December 1988</ref>
* RFC 1083 - Internet Activities Board Official Protocol Standards (first mention of the [[Internet Assigned Numbers Authority]] (IANA) in the RFC Index)<ref>[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc1083.html RFC 1083 - IAB Official Protocol Standards], December 1988</ref>
===1992===
* Internet goes commercial/ gains a public/ officially becomes marketplace
====Documents & RFCs====
* RFC 1358 - Original Charter of the [[Internet Architecture Board]] (the Internet Activities Board gets a new name and charter document)<ref>[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc1358.html RFC 1358 - Charter of the Internet Architecture Board (IAB)], August 1992</ref>
* RFC 1386 - The [[.US]] Domain (Jon Postel explains structure and use of the .US [[ccTLD]] and second-level domains for states)<ref>[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc1386.html RFC 1386 - The .US Domain], December 1992</ref>
===1993===
====Events====
In January 1993, [[Network Solutions]] enters into a five-year contract with the NSF to provide domain name registration and network number assignment services.
====Documents & RFCs====
* RFC 1436 - Internet Gopher Protocol<ref>[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc1436.html RFC 1436 - Internet Gopher Protocol], March 1993</ref>
* RFC 1527 - What Should We Plan Given the Dilemma of the Network? ([[Gordon Cook]] presents his thoughts and proposals, developed during his time with the Congressional Office of Technology Assessment, on the possible regulatory and policy needs of the [[National Research and Education Network]] and the "American" internet, as they become a noncommercial part of the global internet)<ref>[https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc1527.html RFC 1527 - What Should We Plan Given the Dilemma of the Network?], September 1993</ref>
===1994===
====Events====
* Postel publishes what will become a canonical resource for the management of (and debates regarding) [[The Domain Name System|the domain name system]].
====Documents & RFCs====
* [[RFC 1591]] - Domain Name System Structure and Delegation
* RFC 1591
==1996-1997: Internet Governance in Broad Strokes==
===1997===
====Events====
* In May 1997, the [[ISOC]] and IANA form the International Ad Hoc Committee ([[IAHC]]) concerning the development of a new governance model for TLDs following the expansion and commercialization of the Internet.
* June 1997, the Clinton administration commits to the privatization of DNS management.
====Documents====
* [[Framework for Global Electronic Commerce]]
==1992=== Internet goes commercial/ gains a public/ officially becomes marketplace==
==1998: Birth of ICANN==
====Events====
* In February 1998, the National Telecommunications Information Administration ([[NTIA]]) creates a Proposal to Improve the Technical Management of Internet Names and Addresses.
* In September 1998, ICANN files its Articles of Incorporation with the California Secretary of State.
* In October 1998, ICANN’s first board meeting is held in New York, at which [[Esther Dyson]] is named Chairman and [[Mike Roberts]] is designated President of ICANN.
* In November 1998, a [[Memorandum of Understanding]] between the [[United States Department of Commerce]] and [[ICANN]] is signed.<ref>[https://www.icann.org/resources/unthemed-pages/icann-mou-1998-11-25-en ICANN.org Archive - Memorandum of Understanding], November 25, 1998</ref> Contemporaneously with the signing of the MoU, ICANN amends its Articles of Incorporation to include a broader statement of public benefit that conforms to the expectations of the MoU.
* The U.S. Department of Commerce releases the “Management of Internet Names and Addresses” outlining the objectives of ensuring DNS stability, maintaining competition, keeping Internet Governance in the private sector, relying on bottom-up coordination, and encouraging diverse and global representation.
* In December 1998, the University of Southern California (USC) and ICANN enter into the IANA functions transition agreement.
==1996 Internet Governance blueprint era: International Ad-Hoc Committee formed ==
===Documents===
* The [[Green Paper]]
* The [[White Paper]]
==1999-2002: ICANN's Ad Hoc Era==
==1999-2002: (infant) ICANN ==
Privatization Marilyn Cade
Privatization Marilyn Cade
DNSO exists
DNSO exists