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Line 43: − + − + − ===Policies=== Line 58:
Line 58: − + − + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + − + − − + + + + − + − As part of ICM's Adult Performer Program, the company partnered with domain name registrar [[Name.com]] in offering a one-year free domain name registration for 3,500 selected porn stars. The domain names were reserved by ICM and the $210,000 registry fee was paid in advance by Name.com.<ref>[http://domainincite.com/icm-offers-free-xxx-domains-to-porn-stars/ ICM offers free .xxx domains to porn stars]</ref> − − ==ICM Run Sites== + + + − + − + − − +
Grafted GAC advice from GAC article.
[[ICM Registry]] proposed the .xxx as non-sponsored [[gTLD|generic top-level domain name]] (gTLD) during the ICANN Proof of Concept round in 2000. ICANN's evaluation team did not recommend the string because of the "controversy surrounding it and the poor
definition
of
the
hope for
benefits
of .xxx." On December 15, 2000, ICM Registry filed a Reconsideration Request with ICANN but no action was rendered. The [[ICANN Board]] cited that "no new TLD proposal has been rejected, rather a small set of potentially successful applicants had been selected with the aim of testing a diversity of approaches to the creation of new TLDs."
[[ICM Registry]] proposed the .xxx as non-sponsored [[gTLD|generic top-level domain name]] (gTLD) during the ICANN Proof of Concept round in 2000. ICANN's evaluation team did not recommend the string because of the "controversy surrounding it and the poor
definition
of
the
hope for
benefits
of .xxx." On December 15, 2000, ICM Registry filed a Reconsideration Request with ICANN but no action was rendered. The [[ICANN Board]] cited that "no new TLD proposal has been rejected, rather a small set of potentially successful applicants had been selected with the aim of testing a diversity of approaches to the creation of new TLDs."
<ref>[http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/pubrelease/icann/pdfs/AppendixD_xxx.pdf Accountability
and
Transparency
at ICANN
: An
Independent
Review]</ref>
<ref>[http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/pubrelease/icann/pdfs/AppendixD_xxx.pdf Accountability
and
Transparency
at ICANN
: An
Independent
Review]</ref>
===GAC Advice on the .xxx sTLD===
On March 17, 2011, the GAC, via its Chairman [[Heather Dryden]], reiterated to ICANN Chairman [[Peter Dengate Thrush]] that the Committee has no active support for the implementation of the [[.xxx]] [[sTLD]]. The GAC also informed ICANN that some governments might prevent access to the TLD, which could harm the global interoperability and stability of the internet. Furthermore, the Committee also pointed out the possibility that ICANN may have to assume a management and oversight role regarding .xxx content.<ref>[http://news.dot-nxt.com/2011/03/17/gac-statement-dot-xxx GAC Statement on .xxx]</ref> Despite GAC's position, the [[ICANN Board]] approved the .xxx sTLD during the [[ICANN 41]] Meeting in San Francisco, on March 18, 2011.<ref>[http://news.dot-nxt.com/2011/04/03/summary-icann-san-francisco#xxx Conference summary: ICANN San Francisco]</ref> The disregard for the GAC's advice in this instance provided for a number of other international entities to question ICANN's ability to successfully manage the [[DNS]].
===.xxx during the 2003 sTLD Application Process===
===.xxx during the 2003 sTLD Application Process===
On December 15, 2003, the ICANN Board published a Request For Proposal (RFP) for new [[sTLD]]s after extensive discussions within the different stakeholders within the ICANN community. [[ICM Registry]] submitted a proposal for.xxx on March 16 2004. IFFOR was named as the sponsoring organization, responsible for developing policies for the proposed TLD. In August, 2004, the [[IRP|Independent Review Panel]] evaluated ICM's application and reported to the [[ICANN Board]] that the the company failed to meet the baseline sponsorship criteria for a [[sTLD]].<ref>[http://www.iana.org/reports/2011/xxx-report-20110407.pdf Delegation of the .XXX top-level domain]</ref> Following the report, the ICANN Board approved a resolution allowing sTLD applicants to add additional information to resolve the concerns raised by IRP in the report. In October, 2004, ICM Registry started submitting additional documents to strengthen its application. ICM Registry was invited to make a presentation on April 3, 2005.<ref>[http://archive.icann.org/en/tlds/stld-apps-19mar04/stld-status-report.pdf Status Report on the sTLD Evaluation Process]</ref>
On December 15, 2003, the ICANN Board published a Request For Proposal (RFP) for new [[sTLD]]s after extensive discussions within the different stakeholders within the ICANN community. [[ICM Registry]] submitted a proposal for.xxx on March 16 2004. IFFOR was named as the sponsoring organization, responsible for developing policies for the proposed TLD. In August, 2004, the [[IRP|Independent Review Panel]] evaluated ICM's application and reported to the [[ICANN Board]] that the the company failed to meet the baseline sponsorship criteria for a [[sTLD]].<ref>[http://www.iana.org/reports/2011/xxx-report-20110407.pdf Delegation of the .XXX top-level domain]</ref> Following the report, the ICANN Board approved a resolution allowing sTLD applicants to add additional information to resolve the concerns raised by IRP in the report. In October, 2004, ICM Registry started submitting additional documents to strengthen its application. ICM Registry was invited to make a presentation on April 3, 2005.<ref>[http://archive.icann.org/en/tlds/stld-apps-19mar04/stld-status-report.pdf Status Report on the sTLD Evaluation Process]</ref>
During the [[ICANN 40]] meeting in San Francisco in March, 2011, the ICANN Board approved the ICM application.<ref>[http://www.above.com/blog/2011/03/xxx-approved-at-icann-40.html .XXX Approved at ICANN 40]</ref> The .xxx string was delegated to the [[Root Zone|root zone]] of the [[DNS]] in June, 2011.<ref>[http://www.computerworld.com/s/article/9178518/ICANN_board_approves_dot_XXX_top_level_domain_for_porn?taxonomyId=18&pageNumber=2 ICANN board approves dot-XXX top-level domain for porn]</ref>
During the [[ICANN 40]] meeting in San Francisco in March, 2011, the ICANN Board approved the ICM application.<ref>[http://www.above.com/blog/2011/03/xxx-approved-at-icann-40.html .XXX Approved at ICANN 40]</ref> The .xxx string was delegated to the [[Root Zone|root zone]] of the [[DNS]] in June, 2011.<ref>[http://www.computerworld.com/s/article/9178518/ICANN_board_approves_dot_XXX_top_level_domain_for_porn?taxonomyId=18&pageNumber=2 ICANN board approves dot-XXX top-level domain for porn]</ref>
==.xxx Sponsoring Community==
==.xxx Policies==
The sponsoring community of the .xxx includes individuals, companies, organizations, providers of adult entertainment. Some of these entities include adult web masters, club owners, performers, agents, lawyers, distributors and manufacturers or adult products. All entities interested ing registering a .xxx domain need to become a member of the community. Individuals must provide correct date of birth, address, phone number, confirm membership to the community, and accept the Registry-Registrant Agreement. <ref>[http://www.icmregistry.com/about/sponsored-community/ Who Qualifies for the Sponsored Community]</ref>
The sponsoring community of the .xxx includes individuals, companies, organizations, providers of adult entertainment. Some of these entities include adult website administrators, club owners, performers, agents, lawyers, distributors and manufacturers or adult products. All entities interested in registering a .xxx domain need to become a member of the community. Individuals must provide correct date of birth, address, phone number, confirm membership to the community, and accept the Registry-Registrant Agreement. <ref>[http://www.icmregistry.com/about/sponsored-community/ Who Qualifies for the Sponsored Community]</ref>
The [[IFFOR]] implements policies to comply with its agreements; to protect the privacy, security and consumer rights of consenting adults; to help user choice and parental control with regards to access to online adult content; and to fight child abuse images. Its' baseline policies include:<ref>[http://www.icmregistry.com/policies/iffor/ IFFOR Baseline Policies]</ref>
The [[IFFOR]] implements policies to comply with its agreements; to protect the privacy, security and consumer rights of consenting adults; to help user choice and parental control with regards to access to online adult content; and to fight child abuse images. Its' baseline policies include:<ref>[http://www.icmregistry.com/policies/iffor/ IFFOR Baseline Policies]</ref>
* Registration is restricted to the sponsoring community
* Registration is restricted to the sponsoring community
* All registrants violating the IFFOR policies will be disqualified. Violators of the prohibitions on child abuse images and the implementation of automated scanning will be referred to third parties such as law enforcement agencies, hotlines, etc.
* All registrants violating the IFFOR policies will be disqualified. Violators of the prohibitions on child abuse images and the implementation of automated scanning will be referred to third parties such as law enforcement agencies, hotlines, etc.
==Dispute Resolution Programs==
===Dispute Resolution Programs===
The '''Rapid Evaluation Service (RES)''' was introduced by the [[National Arbitration Forum]] (FORUM), to serve as dispute resolution program to protect the stage names of adult entertainers and performers from infringements. Complaints filed under RES in proper circumstances will be handled within two business days and the infringing domain names will be taken down. The '''Charter Eligibility Dispute Resolution Policy (CEDRP)''' of ICM is also handled by FORUM. Entities may file complaints and challenge the ownership eligibility of entities for .xxx domain names.<ref>
The '''Rapid Evaluation Service (RES)''' was introduced by the [[National Arbitration Forum]] (FORUM), to serve as dispute resolution program to protect the stage names of adult entertainers and performers from infringements. Complaints filed under RES in proper circumstances will be handled within two business days and the infringing domain names will be taken down. The '''Charter Eligibility Dispute Resolution Policy (CEDRP)''' of ICM is also handled by FORUM. Entities may file complaints and challenge the ownership eligibility of entities for .xxx domain names.<ref>
[http://www.icmregistry.com/press/national-arbitration-forum-launches-dispute-program-for-xxx-domain-names/ National Arbitration Forum Launches Dispute Program for .XXX Domain Names]</ref>
[http://www.icmregistry.com/press/national-arbitration-forum-launches-dispute-program-for-xxx-domain-names/ National Arbitration Forum Launches Dispute Program for .XXX Domain Names]</ref>
==Premium .xxx Domain Names==
==Domain Statistics==
As of June 2, 2013, .xxx had 122,000 active registrations, after a peak at 142,000 in December 2012. During May 2013, [[ICM Registry]] cut the prices for .xxx names down to .com-level prices, resulting in a large number of registrations during that month.<ref>[http://domainincite.com/13245-icm-price-cut-sees-10-times-more-xxx-sales ICM Price Cut sees 10 times more xxx sales, Domain Incite] Retrieved 19 Sept 2013</ref>
The following are the top 10 .xxx registrars as of February 2012:<ref>[http://domainnamewire.com/2012/06/07/xxx-up-to-137k-active-registrations-220k-total-and-new-630k-premium-sale/ .XXX up to 137k active registrations, 220k total, and new $630k premium sale, domainnamewire]</ref>
# [[Go Daddy]] - 36,111 ([[Wild West Domains]], [[Blue Razor]])
# [[Network Solutions]] - 16,633
# [[Instra]] - 4,636
# [[Name.com]] - 4,272
# [[eNom]] - 4,210
# [[United Domains]] - 3,820
# [[Tucows]] - 3,750
# [[Ascio Technologies]] - 3,645
# [[PublicDomainRegistry]] - 3,450
# [[CSC]] - 3,198
===Premium .xxx Domain Names===
ICM Registry sold several of its premium .xxx domain names for large sums, including gay.xxx, which was purchased by Liberty Media Holdings (Corbin Fisher), a porn production company based in Las Vegas, for $500,000.<ref>[http://www.theregister.co.uk/2011/10/07/4500k_for_gay_dot_xxx_address/ Gay.xxx sells for $500,000]</ref> Shemales.xxx was sold for $200,000 to Grooby Productions.<ref>[http://www.thedomains.com/2011/10/17/shemales-xxx-sells-for-200000-3-12-times-more-than-the-net-sold-for/ SheMales.XXX Sells For $200,000; 3 1/2 Times More Than The .Net Sold For]</ref> Meanwhile, [[Mike Berkens]], president of [[Worldwide Media]] invested six figures on three domain names: FreePorn.xxx, BlowJobs.xxx, and AnalSex.xxx.<ref>
ICM Registry sold several of its premium .xxx domain names for large sums, including gay.xxx, which was purchased by Liberty Media Holdings (Corbin Fisher), a porn production company based in Las Vegas, for $500,000.<ref>[http://www.theregister.co.uk/2011/10/07/4500k_for_gay_dot_xxx_address/ Gay.xxx sells for $500,000]</ref> Shemales.xxx was sold for $200,000 to Grooby Productions.<ref>[http://www.thedomains.com/2011/10/17/shemales-xxx-sells-for-200000-3-12-times-more-than-the-net-sold-for/ SheMales.XXX Sells For $200,000; 3 1/2 Times More Than The .Net Sold For]</ref> Meanwhile, [[Mike Berkens]], president of [[Worldwide Media]] invested six figures on three domain names: FreePorn.xxx, BlowJobs.xxx, and AnalSex.xxx.<ref>
[http://www.elliotsblog.com/mike-berkens-invests-in-xxx-domains-0737 Mike Berkens Invests in .XXX Domains]</ref> [[Frank Schilling]], a domain name investor paid seven figures for amateur.xxx, anal.xxx, asian.xxx, bollywood.xxx, book.xxx, celeb.xxx, chat.xxx, dating.xxx, hardcore.xxx, sexy.xxx, video.xxx, webcam.xxx and several other domain names.<ref>
[http://www.elliotsblog.com/mike-berkens-invests-in-xxx-domains-0737 Mike Berkens Invests in .XXX Domains]</ref> [[Frank Schilling]], a domain name investor paid seven figures for amateur.xxx, anal.xxx, asian.xxx, bollywood.xxx, book.xxx, celeb.xxx, chat.xxx, dating.xxx, hardcore.xxx, sexy.xxx, video.xxx, webcam.xxx and several other domain names.<ref>[http://www.elliotsblog.com/frank-schilling-took-risk-on-xxx-8017 Frank Schilling Spends Seven Figures on .XXX Domain Names]</ref>
[http://www.elliotsblog.com/frank-schilling-took-risk-on-xxx-8017 Frank Schilling Spends Seven Figures on .XXX Domain Names]</ref>
==Suspended .xxx Domain Names==
===Free .xxx Domain Names===
As part of ICM's Adult Performer Program, the company partnered with domain name registrar [[Name.com]] in offering a one-year free domain name registration for 3,500 selected porn stars. The domain names were reserved by ICM and the $210,000 registry fee was paid in advance by Name.com.<ref>[http://domainincite.com/icm-offers-free-xxx-domains-to-porn-stars/ ICM offers free .xxx domains to porn stars]</ref>
===Suspended .xxx Domain Names===
Stuart Lawley, CEO of ICM confirmed that the company suspended the registration for several .xxx domain names due to unmistakable, blatant [[cybersquatting]]. The suspended domain names include businessweek.xxx, cnbc.xxx, geocities.xxx, nextag.xxx, snapfish.xxx, verizonwireless.xxx, washingtonpost.xxx and gayroom.xxx. Lawley emphasized and reiterated that his company is serious about implementing its policies and it is committed to maintaining high standards for its registry operations. He said, ''"We will not tolerate nefarious conduct and will exercise our right to take appropriate action when we detect widespread repeat patterns of cyber-squatting activity. Would-be cyber-squatters are on notice – neither ICM Registry nor the .xxx community will be complicit in the theft or abuse of intellectual property. ICM takes a stand to facilitate user choice and parental control, protect the privacy, security, and consumer rights of consenting adults, fight child abuse images, and protect intellectual property.”''<ref>[http://www.icmregistry.com/press/icm-registry-acts-in-response-to-reports-of-cyber-squatting/ ICM Registry Acts in Response to Reports of Cyber-squatting]</ref>
Stuart Lawley, CEO of ICM confirmed that the company suspended the registration for several .xxx domain names due to unmistakable, blatant [[cybersquatting]]. The suspended domain names include businessweek.xxx, cnbc.xxx, geocities.xxx, nextag.xxx, snapfish.xxx, verizonwireless.xxx, washingtonpost.xxx and gayroom.xxx. Lawley emphasized and reiterated that his company is serious about implementing its policies and it is committed to maintaining high standards for its registry operations. He said, ''"We will not tolerate nefarious conduct and will exercise our right to take appropriate action when we detect widespread repeat patterns of cyber-squatting activity. Would-be cyber-squatters are on notice – neither ICM Registry nor the .xxx community will be complicit in the theft or abuse of intellectual property. ICM takes a stand to facilitate user choice and parental control, protect the privacy, security, and consumer rights of consenting adults, fight child abuse images, and protect intellectual property.”''<ref>[http://www.icmregistry.com/press/icm-registry-acts-in-response-to-reports-of-cyber-squatting/ ICM Registry Acts in Response to Reports of Cyber-squatting]</ref>
==Free .xxx Domain Names==
==ICM-Operated Sites==
===Search.xxx===
===Search.xxx===
In September, 2012, the .xxx centric search engine at search.xxx was launched by ICM Registry. The search engine does not have a direct revenue model, but is instead a means of directing greater traffic to .xxx sites. Touted benefits of the search engine include: a pornographic focused search rather than a search that could result in non-pornographic sexual material, a safe and focused search for adults, the ability to search via sexual orientation, and not saving or recording searches to one's Google search history. The long-term goal is to increase the market-share of .xxx.<ref>[http://www.cnbc.com/id/49212131/ CNBC.com]</ref>
In September, 2012, the .xxx centric search engine at search.xxx was launched by ICM Registry. The search engine does not have a direct revenue model, but is instead a means of directing greater traffic to .xxx sites. Touted benefits of the search engine include: a pornographic focused search rather than a search that could result in non-pornographic sexual material, a safe and focused search for adults, the ability to search via sexual orientation, and not saving or recording searches to one's Google search history. The long-term goal is to increase the market-share of .xxx.<ref>[http://www.cnbc.com/id/49212131/ CNBC.com]</ref>
==Other==
===Russian iTunes Glitch===
On December 5th 2012, sections of the Russian iTunes store featured out of place banner ads and explicit content from ICM's registry internal search engine, xxx.xxx. Bloggers speculated than an Apple Web Developer may have entered the "xxx.xxx" as a placeholder not realizing that the URL would resolve as a live domain.<ref>[http://domainincite.com/11253-russian-itunes-store-infiltrated-by-xxx-banners-after-snafu-nsfw Russian iTunes Store Infiltrated by XXX Banners after Snafu, DomainIncite.com] Retrieved & Published 5 Dec 2012</ref>
==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
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{{reflist}}</div>
[[Category:TLD]]
[[Category:TLD]]
[[Category:TLDs with Registry Agreements|xxx]]