Difference between revisions of "Generic Names Supporting Organization"

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{{Glossary|
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The '''Generic Names Supporting Organization''' (GNSO) is a policy-development body which is responsible for developing and recommending to the [[ICANN Board]] substantive policies relating to generic top-level domains ([[Generic top-level domain|gTLDs]]). The GNSO is formed of Stakeholder Groups, themselves composed of [[Constituency|Constituencies]], which together form one [[SO|Supporting Organization]] to form consensus, set policy, and make evidence-informed recommendations.<ref>[http://gnso.icann.org/ GNSO.ICANN.org]</ref> The GNSO was previously known as the [[Domain Name Supporting Organization]] (DNSO), which it replaced in 2003.
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|note  = This article is neutral, but is [[Sponsorship|sponsored]] by [[Iron Mountain]].<br/>Iron Mountain is an information & intellectual property<br/>management company and data escrow provider.<br/>You can read more about their services [http://www.ironmountain.com/ here].
 
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|logo    = IRON Mountain-Logo.png
 
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|link  = http://icannwiki.com/index.php/Iron_Mountain
 
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|goldsponsor = ICANNWiki [[Sponsorship|Gold Sponsor]]
 
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}}
 
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The '''Generic Names Supporting Organization''' (GNSO) brings together smaller stakeholder groups, which in turn bring together [[Constituency|constituencies]] and other groups, together into one [[SO|Supporting Organization]] to develop policies, form consensus, and make recommendations related to [[gTLD]]s to the [[ICANN Board]].<ref>[http://gnso.icann.org/ GNSO.ICANN.org]</ref> This body was previously known as the [[Domain Name Supporting Organization]] (DNSO), which it replaced in 2003.
 
  
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==Overview==
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Policy development within the GNSO is governed by the GNSO Council. The Council meets 12 times per year; four times face-to-face (three times at ICANN public meetings, and once at the [[GNSO Council Strategic Planning Session|Council Strategic Planning Session]]), and eight times via webinar.  
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The main objective of the GNSO is to keep [[gTLD]]s operating in a fair and orderly manner across the Internet, while promoting innovation and competition. Some examples of the types of issues that the GNSO face are:
 
  
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* During the registration of a domain name, what type of services must the registrar provide?
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==Overview==  
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* If the registrant forgets to renew the domain name, and lets it to expires, how can the domain name be recovered?
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The main objective of the GNSO is to ensure that [[gTLD]]s operate in a fair and orderly manner across the global Internet, without hindering innovation or competition. As ICANN sets policy by contract, the GNSO develops policy with the involvement of both the contracted and non-contracted parties who hold equal influence and equal voting rights. In addition, two independent appointments to the Council of non-voting members are made by [[NomCom|ICANN's Nominating Committee]].
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* What happens if someone registers a domain name that is very similar to another domain name?
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===Stakeholder Groups/Constituencies===
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''Non-Contracted Parties''
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Four [[SG|Stakeholder Groups]] appoint 18 individuals to the GNSO council. Two appointments are also made by the [[NomCom|ICANN's Nominating Committee]]. Certain Stakeholder groups, like the commercial one, also delegate appointments to their [[Constituency|constituencies]].
 
 
* [[Non-Commercial Users Stakeholder Group]], 6 appointments
 
* [[Non-Commercial Users Stakeholder Group]], 6 appointments
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* [[Commercial Stakeholder Group]], 6 total appointments coming from constituencies  
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* [[Commercial Stakeholder Group]], 6 total appointments coming from the 3 constituencies  
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** [[Commercial and Business Users Constituency]], 2 appointments
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** [[CBUC|Commercial and Business Users Constituency]], 2 appointments
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** [[Intellectual Property Interests Constituency]], 2 appointments
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** [[IPC|Intellectual Property Interests Constituency]], 2 appointments
 
** [[ISPC|Internet Service and Connection Providers Constituency]], 2 appointments
 
** [[ISPC|Internet Service and Connection Providers Constituency]], 2 appointments
 +
 +
''Contracted Parties''
 
* [[Registrar Stakeholder Group]], 3 appointments
 
* [[Registrar Stakeholder Group]], 3 appointments
 
* [[Registry Stakeholder Group]], 3 appointments
 
* [[Registry Stakeholder Group]], 3 appointments
 +
[[File:GNSO Council.jpg|thumb|GNSO Council, as photographed at ICANN 60 in Abu Dhabi in November 2017.]]
 +
 +
==GNSO Council==
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[[File:GNSO-Council.png|655px|thumbnail|right|Organizational Structure of the GNSO Coucnil(Image from ICANN.org)]]The GNSO Council consists of 23 members, 20 of whom are voting members; they come from a variety of different regions and represent the aforementioned [[SG|Stakeholder Groups]] and [[Constituency|Constituencies]] involved in [[ICANN]]'s multistakeholder model. [[Heather Forrest]] is its current chair.
  
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==GNSO Council==
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Members Include:
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The GNSO Council consists of 22 members, 20 of which are full voting members; they come from a variety of different regions and represent the aforementioned [[SG|Stakeholder Groups]] and Constituencies involved in [[ICANN]]'s multi-stakeholder model.  [[Jonathan Robinson]] is its current chair.
 
  
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Members Include:
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===Liaisons and Nominating Committee Appointees===
 +
* [[Adebiyi Oladipo]] - '''ccNSO Liaison''', Africa - Non-Voting, Non-Member
 +
 
 +
* [[Cheryl Langdon-Orr]] - '''ALAC Liaison''', Asia-Pacific - Non-Voting Member<ref>[http://gnso.icann.org/en/about/gnso-council.htm GNSO Council, ICANN.org] Retrieved 19 April 2017</ref>
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* [[Erika Mann]] - '''Non-Voting''' '''NCA''', Europe (Term ends at [[Annual Meeting|AGM]] 2019)
 +
 
 +
==='''[[Contracted Parties House]]'''===
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* [[Donna Austin]] - '''Vice-Chair''', Asia-Pacific (Term ends at [[Annual Meeting|AGM]] 2018)
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* [[Carlos Gutierrez]] - '''Voting NCA''', Europe (Term ends at [[Annual Meeting|AGM]] 2019)
  
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==='''[[Contracted Parties House]]'''===
 
 
====[[Registry Stakeholder Group]]====
 
====[[Registry Stakeholder Group]]====
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* [[Bret Fausett]], North America, (December 2010 - [[Annual Meeting]] 2016)  
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* [[Keith Drazek]] - '''Chair''' - North America (Term ends at [[Annual Meeting|AGM]] 2018)
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* [[Jonathan Robinson]], Europe, (Term ends at [[Annual Meeting]] 2015) '''Chair'''
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* [[Rubens Kuhl]] - Latin America/Caribbean (Term ends at [[Annual Meeting|AGM]] 2019)
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* [[Donna Austin]], Asia/Pacific, (Term ends at [[Annual Meeting]] 2016)
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* [[Maxim Alzoba]] - Europe (Term ends at [[Annual Meeting|AGM]] 2020)
  
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====[[Registrar Stakeholder Group]]====
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====[[Registrar Stakeholder Group]]====  
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* [[James Bladel]], North America (term ends [[Annual Meeting|AGM]] 2015)
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* [[Pam Little]] - '''Vice-Chair''' - Asia Pacific (Term ends at [[Annual Meeting|AGM]] 2019)
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* [[Volker Greimann]], Europe (term ends after 2016 [[Annual Meeting]]) '''Vice-Chair'''
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* [[Darcy Southwell]] - North America (Term ends at [[Annual Meeting|AGM]] 2019)
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* [[Yoav Keren]], Asia Pacific (term ends [[Annual Meeting|AGM]] 2016)
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* [[Michele Neylon]] - Europe (Term ends at [[Annual Meeting|AGM]] 2018)
  
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====[[NomCom|Nominating Committee]] Appointee (Voting)====
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==='''[[Non-Contracted Parties House]]'''===  
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* [[Thomas Rickert]], (Germany)
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* [[Rafik Dammak]] - '''Vice-Chair''', Asia Pacific (Term ends at [[Annual Meeting|AGM]] 2018)
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* [[Syed Ismail Shah]] - '''Voting NCA''' - Asia Pacific (Term ends at [[Annual Meeting|AGM]] 2019)
  
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==='''[[Non-Contracted Parties House]]'''===
 
 
====[[Commercial Stakeholder Group]]====
 
====[[Commercial Stakeholder Group]]====
 
'''Commercial and Business Users - [[BC|Business Constituency]]'''
 
'''Commercial and Business Users - [[BC|Business Constituency]]'''
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* [[Philip Corwin]], (North America, Term ends [[Annual Meeting]] 2015)
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* [[Marie Pattullo]] - Europe (Term ends [[Annual Meeting]] 2019)
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* [[Susan Kawaguchi]], (North America, Term ends at [[Annual Meeting]] 2016)
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* [[Scott McCormick]] - North America (Term ends at [[Annual Meeting]] 2020)
 
'''[[Intellectual Property]] Interests - [[IPC|Intellectual Property Constituency]]'''
 
'''[[Intellectual Property]] Interests - [[IPC|Intellectual Property Constituency]]'''
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* [[Brian Winterfeldt]], North America (term ends at [[Annual Meeting]] 2015)
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* [[Paul McGrady]] - North America (Term ends at [[Annual Meeting]] 2019)
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* [[Heather Forrest]], Asia Pacific (term ends at [[Annual Meeting]] 2016)
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* [[Flip Petillion]] - Europe (Term ends at [[Annual Meeting]] 2020)
 
'''[[ISP]] Interests - [[ISPC|ISP Constituency]]'''
 
'''[[ISP]] Interests - [[ISPC|ISP Constituency]]'''
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* [[Tony Holmes]], (Europe, Terms ends at [[Annual Meeting]] 2015)
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* [[Phillippe Fouquart]] - Europe (Term ends at [[Annual Meeting]] 2018)
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* [[Osvaldo Novoa]], (Latin America/Caribbean, Term ends at [[Annual Meeting]] 2015)
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* [[Tony Harris]] - Latin America/Caribbean (Term ends at [[Annual Meeting]] 2019)
  
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====[[NCSG| Non-Commercial Stakeholder Group]]====
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====[[NCSG| Non-Commercial Stakeholder Group]]====  
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* [[Stephanie Perrin]], (North America) term ends at [[Annual Meeting|AGM]] 2016
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* [[Rafik Dammak]]- Asia-Pacific (Term ends at [[Annual Meeting]] 2018)
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* [[Edward Morris]], (North America) term ends at [[Annual Meeting|AGM]] 2016
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* [[Ayden Férdeline]] - Europe (Term ends at [[Annual Meeting]] 2019)
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* [[Marilia Maciel]], (Latin America/Caribbean) term ends at [[Annual Meeting|AGM]] 2015
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* [[Elsa Saade]] - North America (Term ends at [[Annual Meeting]] 2020)
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* [[Avri Doria]], (North America) term ends at [[Annual Meeting|AGM]] 2015
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* [[Martin Pablo Silva Valent|Martin Silva Valent]] - Latin American/Carribean (Term ends at [[Annual Meeting]] 2018)
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* [[David Cake]], (Asia Pacific) term ends at [[Annual Meeting|AGM]] 2016 '''Vice-Chair'''
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* [[Tatiana Tropina]] - Europe (Term ends at [[Annual Meeting]] 2019)
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* [[Amr Elsadr]], (Africa) term ends at [[Annual Meeting|AGM]] 2015
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* [[Arsene Tungali]] - Africa (Term ends at [[Annual Meeting]] 2019)
  
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====[[NomCom|Nominating Committee]] Appointee (Voting)====
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==GNSO Development Process==  
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* [[Daniel Reed]] (NA)
 
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===Observers & Liaisons===
 
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* [[Patrick Myles]] is the [[ccNSO]] liaison, and is not counted as a member and is non-voting.
 
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* [[Cheryl Langdon-Orr]] is the [[ALAC]] liaison, he is counted as a member but is non-voting.
 
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* [[Jennifer Wolfe]], NomCom Appointee (non-voting) not affiliated with the Contracted Parties House or the Non-Contracted Parties House.<ref>[http://gnso.icann.org/en/about/gnso-council.htm GNSO Council, ICANN.org] Retrieved 04 Dec 2013</ref>
 
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==GNSO Development Process==
 
 
The GNSO is the primary engine within the [[ICANN]] community for developing, recommending changes, and making modifications to [[gTLD|generic top-level domain]] policies. The GNSO aims to identify ways to improve the inclusiveness and representativeness of its work while increasing its effectiveness and efficiency.
 
The GNSO is the primary engine within the [[ICANN]] community for developing, recommending changes, and making modifications to [[gTLD|generic top-level domain]] policies. The GNSO aims to identify ways to improve the inclusiveness and representativeness of its work while increasing its effectiveness and efficiency.
  
 
An important GNSO improvement was the development of recommendations for the new GNSO policy development process. The ICANN Board launched a set of recommendations for improving the effectiveness of the GNSO in June, 2008. These recommendations were related to GNSO activities, operations and structure.
 
An important GNSO improvement was the development of recommendations for the new GNSO policy development process. The ICANN Board launched a set of recommendations for improving the effectiveness of the GNSO in June, 2008. These recommendations were related to GNSO activities, operations and structure.
  
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===GNSO Improvements===
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===GNSO Improvements===  
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GNSO Standing Committee on Improvements Implementation (SCI). The SCI will be responsible for reviewing and assessing the effective functioning of recommendations provided by the Operational Steering Committee (OSC) and Policy Process Steering Committee (PPSC) and approved by the GNSO Council.
 
The main areas of GNSO improvements which were approved by the Board, and are being implemented by the GNSO, are classified into five main categories:
 
The main areas of GNSO improvements which were approved by the Board, and are being implemented by the GNSO, are classified into five main categories:
 
# The creation of a Working Group Model
 
# The creation of a Working Group Model
Line 82: Line 79:
 
# Communication improvement and a better coordination between [[ICANN]] structures
 
# Communication improvement and a better coordination between [[ICANN]] structures
 
# Improving constituency procedures <ref>[http://gnso.icann.org/en/improvements/ GNSO improvements]</ref>
 
# Improving constituency procedures <ref>[http://gnso.icann.org/en/improvements/ GNSO improvements]</ref>
 +
===GNSO Policy Development process===
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 +
The Policy Development Process (PDP) Updates are one-page documents prepared by ICANN staff to inform the Governmental Advisory Committee (GAC) and other interested parties about potential opportunities to engage in and contribute to on-going GNSO PDP efforts. They are published on a regular basis and translations of these can be found on the GAC website. Please, also refer to our GNSO Policy Briefing for information on these and other GNSO activities.
  
 
==Implementation of URS==
 
==Implementation of URS==
 
In September 2012, ICANN senior executive [[Kurt Pritz]] sent a public email to [[GNSO]] Council Chairman [[Stephane Van Gelder]] advising him that URS implementation could begin after a year of delay. Implementing URS included a pair of open meetings in Fall 2012, including one at [[ICANN 45]] in Toronto. ICANN acknowledged the role played by the GNSO Council in developing and approving the model and said they were willing to "work in whichever way the GNSO wishes to proceed".<ref>[http://internetcommerce.org/URS_Implementation URS Implementation Finally to Commence Under GNSO Direction]. Internet Commerce Association. Published 2012 September 20.</ref>
 
In September 2012, ICANN senior executive [[Kurt Pritz]] sent a public email to [[GNSO]] Council Chairman [[Stephane Van Gelder]] advising him that URS implementation could begin after a year of delay. Implementing URS included a pair of open meetings in Fall 2012, including one at [[ICANN 45]] in Toronto. ICANN acknowledged the role played by the GNSO Council in developing and approving the model and said they were willing to "work in whichever way the GNSO wishes to proceed".<ref>[http://internetcommerce.org/URS_Implementation URS Implementation Finally to Commence Under GNSO Direction]. Internet Commerce Association. Published 2012 September 20.</ref>
  
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==ICANN Supporting Organizations==
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==ICANN Supporting Organizations and Advisory Committees==  
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Apart from GNSO, there are other [[SO]]'s (supporting organizations) and advisory committees which help [[ICANN]] to fulfill its objectives. They include:
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Apart from the GNSO, there are other [[SO|Supporting Organization]]<nowiki/>s and [[Advisory Committee|Advisory Committees]] which help [[ICANN]] to fulfil its objectives. They include:
  
 
* [[ASO|Address Supporting Organization]] (ASO)  
 
* [[ASO|Address Supporting Organization]] (ASO)  
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* [[ALAC|At-Large Advisory Committee]] (ALAC)
 
* [[ALAC|At-Large Advisory Committee]] (ALAC)
 
* [[GAC|Governmental Advisory Committee]] (GAC)<ref>[http://www.icann.org/tr/english.html ICANN supporting organizations]</ref>
 
* [[GAC|Governmental Advisory Committee]] (GAC)<ref>[http://www.icann.org/tr/english.html ICANN supporting organizations]</ref>
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=Chinese version of this page/本页中文版=
 
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===通用名称支持组织（GNSO）===
 
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'''通用名称支持组织'''（GNSO）集合小型的利益相关团体，进而集合[[Constituency|支持者组织]]和其他团体共同组成了一个负责政策开发、达成共识并且向[[ICANN Board|ICANN董事会]]推荐[[gTLD|通用顶级域]]相关建议的[[SO|支持组织]]。通用名称支持组织的前身是[[Domain Name Supporting Organization|域名支持组织]]（DNSO），在2003年更名。
 
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==概述==
 
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GNSO的主要目标是保持[[gTLD|通用顶级域]]在互联网上以公平有序的方式运作，同时鼓励创新和竞争。GNSO所面临的问题类型包括：
 
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*在一个域名的注册过程中，注册商必须提供什么类型的服务？
 
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*如果注册人忘记给域名续费，并且任由其过期，那么如何重新获得这个域名呢？
 
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*如果一个人注册的域名与另一个域名非常相似，会发生什么情况？
 
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===利益相关团体/支持者组织===
 
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四家[[SG|利益相关团体]]向GNSO委员会委派18位成员。还有两名成员由[[NomCom|ICANN的提名委员会]]委派。特定的利益相关团体，比如商业性利益相关团体，也授权其[[Constituency|支持者组织]]委派成员。
 
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* [[Non-Commercial Users Stakeholder Group|非商业用户利益相关团体]]，委派6位成员
 
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* [[Commercial Stakeholder Group|商业性利益相关团体]]，委派来自支持者组织的共6位成员
 
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** [[Commercial and Business Users Constituency|商业和企业用户支持者组织]]，委派2位成员
 
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** [[Intellectual Property Interests Constituency|知识产权权益支持者组织]]，委派2位成员
 
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** [[ISPC|互联网服务和连接提供商支持者组织]] ，委派2位成员
 
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*[[Registrar Stakeholder Group|注册商利益相关团体]]，委派3位成员
 
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*[[Registry Stakeholder Group|注册局利益相关团体]]，委派3位成员
 
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== GNSO委员会==
 
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GNSO委员会由22位成员组成，其中有20位为具有完全表决权的成员；他们来自各种不同的地区并且在[[ICANN]]的多利益相关方模型中代表上述的[[SG|利益相关团体]]和支持者组织。目前的主席是[[Jonathan Robinson]]。
 
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成员包括：
 
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==='''[[Contracted Parties House|缔约方机构]]'''===
 
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====[[Registry Stakeholder Group|注册局利益相关团体]]====
 
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* [[Bret Fausett]]，北美，（2010年12月 – 2016年[[Annual Meeting|年会]]）
 
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* [[Jonathan Robinson]]，欧洲（任期截止至2015年[[Annual Meeting|年会]]）'''主席'''
 
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* [[Donna Austin]] ，亚洲/太平洋（任期截止至2016年[[Annual Meeting|年会]]）
 
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====[[Registrar Stakeholder Group|注册商利益相关团体]]====
 
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* [[James Bladel]]，北美（任期截止至2015年[[Annual Meeting|年度大会]]）
 
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* [[Volker Greimann]]，欧洲（任期截止至2016年[[Annual Meeting|年会]] ）'''副主席'''
 
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* [[Yoav Keren]]，亚太（任期截止至2016年[[Annual Meeting|年度大会]]）
 
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====[[NomCom|提名委员会]]被任命人 ====
 
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* [[Thomas Rickert]] ，（德国）
 
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==='''[[Non-Contracted Parties House|非缔约方机构]]'''===
 
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====[[Commercial Stakeholder Group|商业性利益相关团体]]====
 
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'''商业和企业用户 – [[BC|企业支持者组织]]'''
 
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* [[Philip Corwin]] ，（北美，任期截止至2015年[[Annual Meeting|年会]]）
 
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* [[Susan Kawaguchi]] ，（北美，任期截止至2015年[[Annual Meeting|年会]]）
 
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''' [[Intellectual Property|知识产权]]权益 -  [[IPC|知识产权支持者组织]] '''
 
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* [[Brian Winterfeldt]] ，北美（任期截止至2015年[[Annual Meeting|年会]]）
 
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* [[Heather Forrest]] ，亚太（任期截止至2016年[[Annual Meeting|年会]]）
 
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'''[[ISP|互联网服务提供商]] 利益群体 – [[ISPC|互联网服务提供商支持者组织]] '''
 
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* [[Tony Holmes]] ，（欧洲，任期截止至2015年[[Annual Meeting|年会]]）
 
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* [[Osvaldo Novoa]] ，（拉丁美洲/加勒比海，任期截止至2015年[[Annual Meeting|年会]]）
 
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====[[NCSG|非商业性利益相关团体]]====
 
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* [[Stephanie Perrin]] ，（北美）任期截止至2015年[[Annual Meeting|年度大会]]
 
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* [[Edward Morris]] ，（北美）任期截止至2016年[[Annual Meeting|年度大会]]
 
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* [[Marilia Maciel]] ，（拉丁美洲/加勒比海）任期截止至2015年[[Annual Meeting|年度大会]]
 
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* [[Avri Doria]] ，（北美）任期截止至2015年[[Annual Meeting|年度大会]]
 
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* [[David Cake]] ，（亚太）任期截止至2016年[[Annual Meeting|年度大会]]，'''副主席'''
 
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* [[Amr Elsadr]] ，（非洲）任期截止至2015年[[Annual Meeting|年度大会]]
 
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====[[NomCom|提名委员会]] 被任命人====
 
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* [[Daniel Reed]] ，（北美）
 
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===观察员和联络员===
 
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* [[Patrick Myles]] 是[[CcNSO|国家代码域名支持组织]]的联络员，不计为成员并且不具有表决权。
 
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* [[Alan Greenberg]] 是[[ALAC|一般会员咨询委员会]]的一名联络员，他属于会员但不具有表决权。
 
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* [[Jennifer Wolfe]] ，提名委员会被任命人，不属于缔约方机构或非缔约方机构。<ref>[http://gnso.icann.org/en/about/gnso-council.htm GNSO Council, ICANN.org] Retrieved 04 Dec 2013</ref>
 
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== GNSO发展进程==
 
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GNSO是[[ ICANN]]社区内部参与[[gTLD|通用顶级域]]政策开发、针对通用顶级域提出变更建议并且做出修改的主要引擎。GNSO的目标是发现能够在增加其工作有效性和效率的同时改进其工作的包容性和代表性的方法。
 
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GNSO的一项重要改进就是对新GNSO政策开发流程提出建议。2008年6月，ICANN董事会推出了一套用以改进GNSO有效性的建议。这些建议与GNSO的活动、运作和结构相关。
 
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=== GNSO改进===
 
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已经获得董事会批准并且正由GNSO实施的GNSO主要改进方面可以分为五大主要类别：
 
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#工作组模型的创建
 
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# 修改[[PDP|政策开发流程]]（PDP）
 
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# GNSO委员会的结构调整
 
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#沟通改进以及[[ICANN]] 结构之间的更好协调
 
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#改进支持者组织规程<ref>[http://gnso.icann.org/en/improvements/ GNSO improvements]</ref>
 
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==实施统一快速暂停系统(URS)==
 
−
2012年9月，ICANN高级主管[[Kurt Pritz]]给[[GNSO]]委员会主席[[Stephane Van Gelder]]发了一封公开信，他在信中建议URS系统在推迟一年之后可以开始了。实施URS系统涉及在2012年秋季召开的两次公开会议，包括在多伦多举行[[ICANN 45|ICANN第45届会议]]期间召开的一次。 ICANN认可了GNSO委员会在开发和审核该模式中发挥的作用，并且表示他们将愿意“以GNSO希望的任何方式开展工作。” <ref>[http://internetcommerce.org/URS_Implementation URS Implementation Finally to Commence Under GNSO Direction]. Internet Commerce Association. Published 2012 September 20.</ref>
 
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== ICANN支持组织==
 
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除了GNSO之外，帮助[[ICANN]] 实现其目标的还有其他[[SO|支持组织]]和咨询委员会。他们之中包括：
 
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* [[ASO|地址支持组织]] (ASO)
 
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* [[ccNSO|国家代码域名支持组织]] (ccNSO)
 
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* [[ALAC|一般会员咨询委员会]] (ALAC)
 
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* [[GAC|政府咨询委员会]] (GAC)<ref>[http://www.icann.org/tr/english.html ICANN supporting organizations]</ref>
 
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==References==
 
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[[Category: ICANN Bodies]]
 
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[[Category: Acronym]]

Revision as of 23:02, 5 February 2019

The Generic Names Supporting Organization (GNSO) is a policy-development body which is responsible for developing and recommending to the ICANN Board substantive policies relating to generic top-level domains (gTLDs). The GNSO is formed of Stakeholder Groups, themselves composed of Constituencies, which together form one Supporting Organization to form consensus, set policy, and make evidence-informed recommendations.[1] The GNSO was previously known as the Domain Name Supporting Organization (DNSO), which it replaced in 2003.

Policy development within the GNSO is governed by the GNSO Council. The Council meets 12 times per year; four times face-to-face (three times at ICANN public meetings, and once at the Council Strategic Planning Session), and eight times via webinar.

Overview

The main objective of the GNSO is to ensure that gTLDs operate in a fair and orderly manner across the global Internet, without hindering innovation or competition. As ICANN sets policy by contract, the GNSO develops policy with the involvement of both the contracted and non-contracted parties who hold equal influence and equal voting rights. In addition, two independent appointments to the Council of non-voting members are made by ICANN's Nominating Committee.

Non-Contracted Parties

Contracted Parties

GNSO Council, as photographed at ICANN 60 in Abu Dhabi in November 2017.

GNSO Council

Organizational Structure of the GNSO Coucnil(Image from ICANN.org)

The GNSO Council consists of 23 members, 20 of whom are voting members; they come from a variety of different regions and represent the aforementioned Stakeholder Groups and Constituencies involved in ICANN's multistakeholder model. Heather Forrest is its current chair.

Members Include:

Liaisons and Nominating Committee Appointees

Contracted Parties House

Registry Stakeholder Group

Registrar Stakeholder Group

Non-Contracted Parties House

Commercial Stakeholder Group

Commercial and Business Users - Business Constituency

Intellectual Property Interests - Intellectual Property Constituency

ISP Interests - ISP Constituency

Non-Commercial Stakeholder Group

GNSO Development Process

The GNSO is the primary engine within the ICANN community for developing, recommending changes, and making modifications to generic top-level domain policies. The GNSO aims to identify ways to improve the inclusiveness and representativeness of its work while increasing its effectiveness and efficiency.

An important GNSO improvement was the development of recommendations for the new GNSO policy development process. The ICANN Board launched a set of recommendations for improving the effectiveness of the GNSO in June, 2008. These recommendations were related to GNSO activities, operations and structure.

GNSO Improvements

GNSO Standing Committee on Improvements Implementation (SCI). The SCI will be responsible for reviewing and assessing the effective functioning of recommendations provided by the Operational Steering Committee (OSC) and Policy Process Steering Committee (PPSC) and approved by the GNSO Council. The main areas of GNSO improvements which were approved by the Board, and are being implemented by the GNSO, are classified into five main categories:

  1. The creation of a Working Group Model
  2. Revising the PDP (Policy Development process)
  3. The restructuring of GNSO Council
  4. Communication improvement and a better coordination between ICANN structures
  5. Improving constituency procedures [3]

GNSO Policy Development process

The Policy Development Process (PDP) Updates are one-page documents prepared by ICANN staff to inform the Governmental Advisory Committee (GAC) and other interested parties about potential opportunities to engage in and contribute to on-going GNSO PDP efforts. They are published on a regular basis and translations of these can be found on the GAC website. Please, also refer to our GNSO Policy Briefing for information on these and other GNSO activities.

Implementation of URS

In September 2012, ICANN senior executive Kurt Pritz sent a public email to GNSO Council Chairman Stephane Van Gelder advising him that URS implementation could begin after a year of delay. Implementing URS included a pair of open meetings in Fall 2012, including one at ICANN 45 in Toronto. ICANN acknowledged the role played by the GNSO Council in developing and approving the model and said they were willing to "work in whichever way the GNSO wishes to proceed".[4]

ICANN Supporting Organizations and Advisory Committees

Apart from the GNSO, there are other Supporting Organizations and Advisory Committees which help ICANN to fulfil its objectives. They include:

References

  1. ↑ GNSO.ICANN.org
  2. ↑ GNSO Council, ICANN.org Retrieved 19 April 2017
  3. ↑ GNSO improvements
  4. ↑ URS Implementation Finally to Commence Under GNSO Direction. Internet Commerce Association. Published 2012 September 20.
  5. ↑ ICANN supporting organizations
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