Pre-ICANN History of the DNS
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year | Nontechnical events | technical events | consequential meetings | key figures | Network | community structure | why does it matter? reasoning? caveats? | sources |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1969 | arparnet network structure is designed | - | Howard Frank, Charles Herzfeld, Lawrence Roberts | ARPAnet | military led | ARPAnet, Britannica | ||
RFC 001 | Steve Crocker | |||||||
1971 | The birth of email | Ray Tomlinson | military led, academically fullfilled | A Brief History of NSF and the Internet, NSF | ||||
15 nodes and 23 host terminals in arpanet, mostly universities | military led, academically fullfilled | |||||||
1972 | numbering czar proposal | Jon Postel (1972-1998) | ARPAnet | military led, academically fullfilled | birth of DNS | The History of the Internet and the Colleges That Built It, EdTech | ||
1983 | IAB formed to run IETF & IRTF | - | Steve Crocker, Barry Leiner, Ken Harrenstien, Vic White | ARPAnet | military led, academically fullfilled | standardization of Internet's fundamental protocols: 1983-1994 | History of IANA, ISOC | |
TCP/IP becomes the new standard protocol suite for the ARPANET | Vint Cerf, Robert Kahn | |||||||
standardization of Whois | Elizabeth Feinler | |||||||
1984 | Japanese University Network | - | Jun Murai | ARPAnet | military, academically fullfilled | - | UDRP, ICANN Archives | |
IAB Task Forces created | Dave Mills, Bob Braden, Bob Thomas, Steve Kent, Ray McFarland, Rob Cole, Jim Mathis, David Clark, Dave Hartman, Ed Cain | |||||||
1986 | - | the NSF created NSFNET | - | Dennis Jennings | NSFnet | no longer just for the military; early adopters and technophiles go online | Early Days, ICANN History Project | |
1987 | the “network of networks" is now commonly called the "Internet" | - | Paul Mockapetris | NSFnet | - | ICANN Historical Timeline, ICANNWiki | ||
networks in the Americas, Europe, and Asia join TCP/IP backbone | ||||||||
RFC 1035, RFC 1034; | ||||||||
NSFNET exceeds ARPANET | ||||||||
1988 | The term “IANA” officially used in RFC 1083 | - | - | Joyce Reynolds | NSFnet | - | Technical Leaders Welcome IANA Globalization Progress, ICANN Announcements | |
1990 | nsfnet | end of mainly military users | IDNs: Where are we now, ICANN | |||||
1991 | the launch of the World Wide Web | - | - | Tim Berners-Lee, Steve Goldstein (1991-2003) | nsfnet | mainly academic: 1991-1995 | - | Accountability, ICANN |
1992 | NSF allows/protects commercial traffic with "Acceptable Use Policy" | - | - | Susan Estrada | NSFnet | - | History, IAB | |
ISOC is founded | ||||||||
1993 | Network Solutions enters into a five-year contract with the NSF | - | Marilyn Cade (1993-2020); Marc Andreessen | Network Solutions era: the sole domain name registrar for .com, .net, and .org (1993-1998) | Transition to Private | interent becomes a legitimate public sphere | - | |
1994 | China goes online | - | Hualin Qian | Network Solutions era: the sole domain name registrar for .com, .net, and .org (1993-1998) | Transition to Private | - | - | |
RFC 1591 | Postel | |||||||
NANOG founded | Elise Gerich, Mark Knopper, Bill Norton, Craig Labovitz, Susan Harris | |||||||
1995 | NSF awarded contracts to three network access points | - | - | Network Solutions era: the sole domain name registrar for .com, .net, and .org (1993-1998) | Transition to Private | - | - | |
The first publicly available internet service in India was launched by state-owned VSNL | ||||||||
Africa goes online | Nii Quaynor | Internet in Africa, UPENN African Studies Center, 24 March 1996 | ||||||
Amazon is launched | ||||||||
1996 | International Ad-Hoc Committee formed | - | - | Don Heath, Sally Abel, Albert Tramposch, David Maher, Jun Murai, Geoff Huston, Hank Nussbacher; Robert Shaw, Perry Metzger, Dave Crocker, George Strawn | IAHC | The dawn of Internet Governance, transition to private | - | |
HughesNet begins offering satellite Internet commercially |