Difference between revisions of "Top-Level Domain"
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The '''TLD''' is always the last part of a domain name, such as [[.com]], [[.net]], [[.us]], etc.<ref>[http://www.pcmag.com/encyclopedia_term/0,2542,t=TLD&i=52942,00.asp]</ref> | The '''TLD''' is always the last part of a domain name, such as [[.com]], [[.net]], [[.us]], etc.<ref>[http://www.pcmag.com/encyclopedia_term/0,2542,t=TLD&i=52942,00.asp]</ref> | ||
| − | Each TLD is managed by a single [[: | + | Each TLD is managed by a single [[Registry]]. |
| + | ==History== | ||
| + | The need for a hierarchical [[DNS]] arose with the popularity of the Internet in academic spheres in the early 1980s. This eventually necessitated a de-centralized Internet. Communications between [[The Stanford Research Institute NIC]] and other institutions include plans to create a hierarchical [[DNS]], found in [[http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc805.txt RFC 805]], a group document from 1982. This document outlines many of the basics of the eventual [[DNS]], including the need for [[TLD]]s to provide a fixed starting point for queries, and the need for [[SLD]]s to be unique. This, in turn, would necessitate the need for a [[registrar]] type of administration, and help the nascent [[IT]] community recognize that the distribution of responsibility for each domain to individual name servers would provide administrative advantages.<ref>[http://www.livinginternet.com/i/iw_dns_history.htm Living Internet] | ||
==Varieties of TLDs== | ==Varieties of TLDs== | ||
There are different types of TLDs. | There are different types of TLDs. | ||
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* [[CCTLD]] | * [[CCTLD]] | ||
| − | These TLDs | + | These TLDs operate in different manners, and can be categorized in some simple ways: |
* Operating Mode | * Operating Mode | ||
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**Restricted - Requiring Local Physical Address, Local Tax ID, or other specific criteria be met to qualify in order to provision a name. | **Restricted - Requiring Local Physical Address, Local Tax ID, or other specific criteria be met to qualify in order to provision a name. | ||
**Sponsored - A variation on Restricted, the applicant for a domain in an [[STLD]] must meet the requirements within that TLD (ie. [[.jobs]] would require that Human Resources be involved, [[.travel]] would require certain Travel criteria are met, etc). | **Sponsored - A variation on Restricted, the applicant for a domain in an [[STLD]] must meet the requirements within that TLD (ie. [[.jobs]] would require that Human Resources be involved, [[.travel]] would require certain Travel criteria are met, etc). | ||
| − | + | ||
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== Related Articles == | == Related Articles == | ||
Revision as of 19:32, 6 February 2011
Acronym: Top Level Domain
The TLD is always the last part of a domain name, such as .com, .net, .us, etc.[1]
Each TLD is managed by a single Registry.
History
The need for a hierarchical DNS arose with the popularity of the Internet in academic spheres in the early 1980s. This eventually necessitated a de-centralized Internet. Communications between The Stanford Research Institute NIC and other institutions include plans to create a hierarchical DNS, found in [RFC 805], a group document from 1982. This document outlines many of the basics of the eventual DNS, including the need for TLDs to provide a fixed starting point for queries, and the need for SLDs to be unique. This, in turn, would necessitate the need for a registrar type of administration, and help the nascent IT community recognize that the distribution of responsibility for each domain to individual name servers would provide administrative advantages.<ref>Living Internet
Varieties of TLDs
There are different types of TLDs.
These TLDs operate in different manners, and can be categorized in some simple ways:
- Operating Mode
- Open - Operating and offering both registration and resolution services.
- Closed - Not Accepting registrations, may be resolving evergreen/legacy/infrastructure subdomains.
- Level of Restriction
- Unrestricted - If there are no requirements that must be met in order to register a name under a TLD, that TLD is Unrestricted.
- Restricted - Requiring Local Physical Address, Local Tax ID, or other specific criteria be met to qualify in order to provision a name.
- Sponsored - A variation on Restricted, the applicant for a domain in an STLD must meet the requirements within that TLD (ie. .jobs would require that Human Resources be involved, .travel would require certain Travel criteria are met, etc).