View source for IGF-USA 2022

==Key Topics and POVs==
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
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! style="text-align:left;" | Topic
! colspan="7" | Anti-trust in digital markets
|- style="text-align:left;"
| style="font-weight:bold;" | POVs
| The issue is not so much economic anti-trust, but political anti-trust power on social media platforms; "[[middleware]]" is a solution. Middleware refers to third-party algorithms inserted into individuals' social media feeds and searches (filters) which could decentralize the flow of information. [[Barak Richman]]
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|- style="font-weight:bold;"
| style="text-align:left;" | Topic
| colspan="7" | Content Moderation
|- style="text-align:left;"
| style="font-weight:bold;" | POVs
| You can't disambiguate content and algorithms [[Shannon McGregor]]
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| style="text-align:left;" | Topic
| colspan="7" | Legislation
|- style="text-align:left;"
| style="font-weight:bold;" | POVs
| In the U.S., there are pushes for too much content moderation (blue states) and too little moderation (red states), [[Steve DelBianco]], [[NetChoice]]
| Amplification should be regulated (or companies need to be able to identify what is dangerous so they can remove it) [[Steve DelBianco]]
| There should be legislation to compel transparency on platforms’ decision-making processes (about content moderation) so that researchers can analyze it and shape public pressure [[Shannon McGregor]]
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|- style="font-weight:bold;"
| style="text-align:left;" | Topic
| colspan="7" | end-to-end encryption
|- style="text-align:left;"
| style="font-weight:bold;" | POVs
| The overturning of roe vs. wade has put consumer data privacy and its significance in the spotlight [[Eric geller]], [[John Morris]]<br />
| [[Eric Geller]] Can we have physical and cyber security? Why should the FBI be trusted to develop E2E encryption when the private sector hasn’t achieved it <br />
| E2E Encryption would hide bad actors involved in CSAM and trafficking by making reporting impossible [[Yiota souras]]<br />
| There is the perennial problem of bad actors gaming the system; legislation asking makers to make encryption breakable makes it tough to sell it abroad [[John Morris]]<br />
| We need a better definition of end-to-end encryption that involves formal features, like perfect forward security; a list of thresholds, and user expectations so that apps don't turn into honey pots, because they’re actually leaky although they say they're encrypted; private conversation shouldn’t be impossible [[Mallory Knodel]]<br />
| This issue raises concerns over the fourth amendment and lawful access [[Darrin Jones]] <br />
| It’s lucrative in authoritative regimes to disrupt encryption [[Mallory Knodel]]<br />
|- style="font-weight:bold;"
| style="text-align:left;" | Topic
| colspan="7" | IOT
|- style="text-align:left;"
| style="font-weight:bold;" | POVs
| peer-to-peer makes it difficult to stop the damage of [[botnet]] but C2 servers enable holding individuals accountable [[Wayne Jacobs]]
| [[IoT]] is an attack vector [[Chris Boyer]]
| Standards are becoming geopolitical fodder; harmonization is a problem especially in Europe, which appears to be interested in fragmentation. Allies at least should be working together [[Chris Boyer]] baseline standards for IoT devices must become global because networks are global; however, they remain protectionist because govt responses are fragmented [[Elaine Newton]]
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| style="text-align:left;" | Topic
| colspan="7" | Digitial Identity attributes<br />
|- style="text-align:left;"
| style="font-weight:bold;" | POVs
| citizens, consumers, patients, users, right to be concerned about identity theft, data is sold all the time, digital wallets as a solution, there is no privacy in identity data, there’s only an opportunity for agency, for control, industry is going to lead the way, govt will play second fiddle, especially because its tech can’t catch up, platforms will continue to do surveillance and we’ll be their product [[Don Thibeau]]
| pandemic pushed the virtual world forward, as well as user expectations (equity, accessibility concerns), tech is way ahead of most users (making them vulnerable), phones are widespread but broadband is not; how do we make web 2 and 3 inclusive; so much legislation is still stuck the paper era, it all needs to be updated, and the onus needs to be put on entities and govts and not end users [[Kay Chopard]]
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|- style="font-weight:bold;"
| style="text-align:left;" | Topic
| colspan="7" | Third-Party Cookies following [[GDPR]]
|- style="text-align:left;"
| style="font-weight:bold;" | POVs
| Ads and campaigns are going to run; cookies help people not see too many of the same. It is not clear whether the post-GDPR notices help, as consumers never read them. Opting out means un-targeted ads, not no ads. Ad-tech is a big part of the global economy, and start-ups need third-party cookies more than big tech. The data privacy compliance burden is growing and is out of step with small businesses. A federal standard would be better than a quilt of different legislations [[Lartease Tiffith]]<br />
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|- style="font-weight:bold;"
| style="text-align:left;" | Topic
| colspan="7" | Internet Fragmentation
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| style="font-weight:bold;" | POVs
| [[Internet Fragmentation]] is happening, at the policy level, govts call it “digital sovereignty” esp around privacy<br /> The US govt said it was bad and would work with the world but it hasn’t happened<br />Gdpr made the US reactive, <br />2016 paper William Blake/Wolf (technical, govt, commercial) still relevant [[Melinda Chem]]<br />
| If govts pick an app to block, it leads the internet down a path of increased fragmentation, as less information is exchanged and other countries or regions may decide to block other apps in response or for the same reasons and legislation that seeks to hurt big tech can hurt startups, entrenching the big tech [[John Morris]]<br />
| at minimum there need to be firewalls and sanctions [[Nazak Nikakhtar]]
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|- style="font-weight:bold;"
| style="text-align:left;" | Topic
| colspan="7" | Future of online markets<br />
|- style="text-align:left;"
| style="font-weight:bold;" | POVs
| AICOA will increase inflation, make it harder to get stuff delivered, and doesn’t have the votes. Markets change, and legislation must focus on actions/behaviors, not entities. Don’t say "big tech" because the group changes [[Carl Szabo]]. integration is the way of the future
| AICOA is focused on characteristics of monopoly, not entities, platforms are gatekeepers and shouldn’t be. It doesn’t list companies but criteria. It puts the companies on notice so they can make changes before being brought to court. The bill shouldn’t be more specific because it would become outdated too quickly. Congress sets values, and interpretation happens in courts and agencies. AICOA will include guidelines [[Charlotte Slaiman]]. how to focus on antitrust rather than content moderation, which is tough to define because it's so political.
| antitrust bills will affect acquisitions and the availability of capital [[Will Duffield]]
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| style="font-weight:bold; text-align:left;" | Topic
| colspan="7" | Visions for the Digital Future – Enabling Emerging Technologies
|- style="text-align:left;"
| style="font-weight:bold;" | POVs
| [[Irving Wladawsky-Berger]]: polarization has been there all along, research shows people just ignore the extremes but the media focus on it, maybe it’s not as bad as we think; will the metaverse take off? Second life didn’t go anywhere (couldn’t find serious applications)
| [[Nanjira Sambuli]]: focus on infrastructure, don’t forget those who will be left behind, there are physical demands on energy due to the metaverse; the internet is helping to address colonialism as a new type of archiving may be possible and enable different POVs to circulate; if we mitigate the current problems, society could get to a good place
| [[Sandy Pentland]]: internet went from a communication medium to now a transaction medium (legally enforceable, [[Web Evolution|web 3]], metaverse, “cryptobro” hype, digital twins so that cooperation can happen without sharing data, NFTs are all over the place already (shutterbug, Spotify, digital photos and music sharing), augmented reality, leapfrogging
| [[Amy Zalman]]: internetification of bodies, biometrics, security issues, aggregated data, ai, court systems, justice by using emerging tech, we’re already living in augmented reality, devices are making us produce information that we didn’t see as information before, museums are doing great stuff to augment reality
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