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The URL consists of a protocol that tells the web browser how to retrieve the file or resource; a domain name which identifies the specific web server on the Internet where the file is stored; and a pathname, which is a hierarchical description that specifies the location of the particular file on the computer.
 
The URL consists of a protocol that tells the web browser how to retrieve the file or resource; a domain name which identifies the specific web server on the Internet where the file is stored; and a pathname, which is a hierarchical description that specifies the location of the particular file on the computer.
 
   
 
   
== Syntax ==
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== Syntax == <!--T:1-->
 
A typical URL is set up in the following way:
 
A typical URL is set up in the following way:
 
   
 
   
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Following the TLD, separated by forward slashes, is the location or pathname of a resource (in this example, a text file named def1234.txt), to be accessed on the computer.<ref>[http://searchnetworking.techtarget.com/definition/URL searchnetwork.techtarget.com]Definition URL</ref><ref name="ietf">[http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1738.txt ietf.org]RFC 1738</ref><ref name="www">[http://www.w3.org/Addressing/URL/url-spec.txt w3.org]URL specifications</ref>
 
Following the TLD, separated by forward slashes, is the location or pathname of a resource (in this example, a text file named def1234.txt), to be accessed on the computer.<ref>[http://searchnetworking.techtarget.com/definition/URL searchnetwork.techtarget.com]Definition URL</ref><ref name="ietf">[http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1738.txt ietf.org]RFC 1738</ref><ref name="www">[http://www.w3.org/Addressing/URL/url-spec.txt w3.org]URL specifications</ref>
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== History ==
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== History == <!--T:2-->
 
The URL was first created in 1994<ref name="www">[http://www.w3.org/Addressing/URL/url-spec.txt w3.org]URL specifications</ref> by [[Tim Berners-Lee]] and the [[IETF|Internet Engineering Task Force]]'s URI Working Group.<ref name="ietf">[http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1738.txt ietf.org]RFC 1738</ref>
 
The URL was first created in 1994<ref name="www">[http://www.w3.org/Addressing/URL/url-spec.txt w3.org]URL specifications</ref> by [[Tim Berners-Lee]] and the [[IETF|Internet Engineering Task Force]]'s URI Working Group.<ref name="ietf">[http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1738.txt ietf.org]RFC 1738</ref>
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<!--T:3-->
 
Berners-Lee originally designed the URL to have the domain name separated by dots, but later regretted it, wishing he had designed the URL to be separated by slashed throughout, as in: <big><code>http:com/sample/www/path/to/name</code></big> instead of <big><code><nowiki>http://www.sample.com/path/to/name</nowiki></code></big>. <ref>[http://www.w3.org/People/Berners-Lee/FAQ#etc w3.org] World Wide Web </ref> Twenty years after creating the URL, Tim Berners-Lee, in an interview with Times, went so far as to apologize for using the two forward slashes (//) following the colon separator.<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/technology/8306631.stm news.bbc.co.uk]</ref>
 
Berners-Lee originally designed the URL to have the domain name separated by dots, but later regretted it, wishing he had designed the URL to be separated by slashed throughout, as in: <big><code>http:com/sample/www/path/to/name</code></big> instead of <big><code><nowiki>http://www.sample.com/path/to/name</nowiki></code></big>. <ref>[http://www.w3.org/People/Berners-Lee/FAQ#etc w3.org] World Wide Web </ref> Twenty years after creating the URL, Tim Berners-Lee, in an interview with Times, went so far as to apologize for using the two forward slashes (//) following the colon separator.<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/technology/8306631.stm news.bbc.co.uk]</ref>
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== Types of URL ==
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== Types of URL == <!--T:4-->
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There are two types of URLs, '''Absolute''' and '''Relative.'''
 
There are two types of URLs, '''Absolute''' and '''Relative.'''
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The '''Absolute URL''' is a URL that is independent of other elements and points directly to an exact file location. For instance, "<big><code>mywebsite.com/images/homepage.jpg</code></big>" is an Absolute URL, which specifies that the image file homepage.jpg is located in the images directory, under the mywebsite domain.  
 
The '''Absolute URL''' is a URL that is independent of other elements and points directly to an exact file location. For instance, "<big><code>mywebsite.com/images/homepage.jpg</code></big>" is an Absolute URL, which specifies that the image file homepage.jpg is located in the images directory, under the mywebsite domain.  
 
   
 
   
 
A '''Relative URL''' is a type of URL that is dependent on other elements and point to a directory or file in relation to the present directory or file. For example, "<big><code>../image/homepage.jpg</code></big>." In this, the first two periods (..) direct the server to move up one directory (the root directory), then enter the images directory and point to the homepage.jpg file. The main benefit of a Relative URL is that it allows a webmaster to make changes to the directory without the worry of breaking a file path.<ref>[http://blog.webhosting.uk.com/web-hosting/types-of-url-absolute-and-relative/ blog.webhosting.uk.com]</ref>
 
A '''Relative URL''' is a type of URL that is dependent on other elements and point to a directory or file in relation to the present directory or file. For example, "<big><code>../image/homepage.jpg</code></big>." In this, the first two periods (..) direct the server to move up one directory (the root directory), then enter the images directory and point to the homepage.jpg file. The main benefit of a Relative URL is that it allows a webmaster to make changes to the directory without the worry of breaking a file path.<ref>[http://blog.webhosting.uk.com/web-hosting/types-of-url-absolute-and-relative/ blog.webhosting.uk.com]</ref>
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== SEO benefits ==
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== SEO benefits == <!--T:7-->
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In a new search engine trend, URLs, when shortened, can play a major role in the Search Engine Optimization ([[SEO]]) of a web site. Many SEO experts advise that a URL of the form: <big><code>www.yourwebsite.com/category/subcategory</code></big> leads to better search engine rankings.<ref>[http://webmasters.stackexchange.com/questions/4166/seo-benefits-of-url-as-www-example-com-category-subcategory webmasters.stackexchange.com]</ref> [[Google]], a leading search engine, has developed a URL shortener to convert longer URLs into short ones. The idea behind this is that, with shorter URLs, the sharing of links between people is made easier, which in turn can increase traffic to a web site.<ref>[http://www.htmlgoodies.com/daily_news/article.php/412820/The-SEO-Benefits-of-Googles-URL-Shortener.htm htmlgoodies.com] SEO benefits of Google URL shortner</ref>
 
In a new search engine trend, URLs, when shortened, can play a major role in the Search Engine Optimization ([[SEO]]) of a web site. Many SEO experts advise that a URL of the form: <big><code>www.yourwebsite.com/category/subcategory</code></big> leads to better search engine rankings.<ref>[http://webmasters.stackexchange.com/questions/4166/seo-benefits-of-url-as-www-example-com-category-subcategory webmasters.stackexchange.com]</ref> [[Google]], a leading search engine, has developed a URL shortener to convert longer URLs into short ones. The idea behind this is that, with shorter URLs, the sharing of links between people is made easier, which in turn can increase traffic to a web site.<ref>[http://www.htmlgoodies.com/daily_news/article.php/412820/The-SEO-Benefits-of-Googles-URL-Shortener.htm htmlgoodies.com] SEO benefits of Google URL shortner</ref>
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== References ==
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== References == <!--T:9-->
 
   
 
   
 
{{reflist}}
 
{{reflist}}

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