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Line 37: − + − + − + − + − + − − ==.br== − '''.br''' is the country code top-level domain name ([[ccTLD]]) assigned to Brazil under the [[ISO-3166]] standard. − − ===.br & .бг Controversy=== − There has been ongoing debate over the multiple rejected applications by Bulgaria to ICANN to include its [[.бг]] in the [[IDN]] [[ccTLD]] Fast track process. ICANN staff has noted that .бг is confusingly similar to .br to latin users, and it has been countered that sites using full the full cyrillic alphabet, such as компания.бг, would rarely come into confusion with latin domains.<ref>[http://www.circleid.com/posts/string_similarity_case_of_the_bulgarian_cyrillic_idn_vs_brazil_cctld/ String Similarity Case of the Bulgarian Cyrillic IDN vs Brazil ccTLD, CircleID.com]</ref> ICANN has rejected the application on at least two occasions, in 2009 and 2010,<ref>[http://domainincite.com/1343-bulgaria-to-file-icann-reconsideration-appeal-over-rejected-idn-cctld Bulgaria to File ICANN Reconsideration Appeal Over Rejected IDN ccTLD, DomainIncite.com]</ref> and has also denied requests to provide further information on its reasoning and process in 2011.<ref>[http://domainincite.com/3076-icann-rejects-bulgarian-idn-info-request ICANN Rejects Bulgarian [[IDN]] Info Request, DomainIncite.com]</ref> In July, 2012, after ICANN had rejected other IDN ccTLDs, notably involving the Greek version of [[.eu]] ([[.ελ]]), the [[GAC]] wrote to [[ICANN]] that it must explain its prior reasoning and reconsider its ruling on these apparently confusing IDN ccTLDs. The GAC believes that the organization is being "too conservative" in its rulings.<ref>[http://www.premodomains.com/gac-demands-appeal-of-idn-cctld-bans/ GAC Demands Appeal of IDN ccTLD Bans, PremoDomains.com]</ref> − − After [[.бг]] had been rejected for the second time in 2010, the Brazilian [[GAC]] member had praised the decision, saying "Brazil would like to express its support to the recent board’s decision about avoiding graphic similitude between new country codes and current country codes in Latin. This is particularly important inasmuch as any graphic confusion might facilitate phishing practices and all the problems related to it."<ref>[http://domainincite.com/3076-icann-rejects-bulgarian-idn-info-request ICANN Rejects Bulgarian IDN Info Request, DomainIncite.com]</ref> Line 60:
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removed Category:Organizations using HotCat
{{CompanyInfo|
{{CompanyInfo|
| logo = CgiNewLogo.png
| logo = Cgi.png
| type = Non-Profit
| type = Non-Profit
| industry = Internet
| industry = Internet
}}
}}
'''The Comitê Gestor da Internet no Brasil''' ('''CGI.br''') or the '''Brazilian Internet Steering Committee''' is a multi-stakeholder organization responsible for promoting the technological development of Internet services and to disseminate information regarding the latest innovations and available services in Brazil. It is responsible for the management and operation of Brazil's country code top-level domain name ([[ccTLD]]), [[.br]]. [[Nic.br]] serves as the executive arm of the Committee. It is responsible for coordinating the allocation of [[ASN|Autonomous System Numbers]] (ASN), [[IPv4]] and [[IPv6]] addresses, as well as the registration and maintenance of .br domain names. [[Registro.br]] provides back-end registry solutions.<ref>[http://www.cgi.br/english/about/definition.ht About CGI.br]</ref> <ref>[http://nic.br/english/about/nicbr.htm About Nic.br]</ref>
'''The Comitê Gestor da Internet no Brasil''' ('''CGI.br''') or the '''Brazilian Internet Steering Committee''' is a multi-stakeholder organization responsible for promoting the technological development of Internet services and to disseminate information regarding the latest innovations and available services in Brazil. It is responsible for the management and operation of Brazil's country code top-level domain name ([[ccTLD]]), [[.br]]. [[Nic.br]] serves as the executive arm of the Committee. It is responsible for coordinating the allocation of [[ASN|Autonomous System Numbers]] (ASN), [[IPv4]] and [[IPv6]] addresses, as well as the registration and maintenance of .br domain names. [[Registro.br]] provides back-end registry solutions.<ref>[http://www.cgi.br/english/about/definition.ht About], CGI.br</ref> <ref>[http://nic.br/english/about/nicbr.htm About Nic.br]</ref>
==Background==
==Background==
Brazil's Ministry of Communication (MC) and Ministry of Science and Technology (MCT) initiated the creation of the Internet Steering Committee, citing that such an organization would effectively promote public participation in decisions regarding the implementation, management and use of the Internet.<ref>[http://www.cgi.br/english/about/history.htm History]</ref> It would also serve as a coordinating and integrating body to all members of the Internet Industry in Brazil.
Brazil's Ministry of Communication (MC) and Ministry of Science and Technology (MCT) initiated the creation of the Internet Steering Committee, citing that such an organization would effectively promote public participation in decisions regarding the implementation, management and use of the Internet.<ref name="history">[http://www.cgi.br/english/about/history.htm History], CGI.br</ref> It would also serve as a coordinating and integrating body to all members of the Internet Industry in Brazil.
CGI.br was established by Inter-ministerial Ordinance 147 on May 31, 1995; the members of the committee were appointed by Inter-ministerial Ordinance 183 on July 3 of the same year. The ordinances were later amended on September 3, 2003, by Presidential Decree 4,829, establishing the mission and procedural requirements for the Steering Committee.<ref>[http://www.cgi.br/english/about/history.htm History]</ref>
CGI.br was established by Inter-ministerial Ordinance 147 on May 31, 1995; the members of the committee were appointed by Inter-ministerial Ordinance 183 on July 3 of the same year. The ordinances were later amended on September 3, 2003, by Presidential Decree 4,829, establishing the mission and procedural requirements for the Steering Committee.<ref name="history"></ref>
The Committee has three working groups covering network engineering, computer security, and the training of human resources to provide technical, administrative and operational input to assist CGI.br in decisions and recommendations.<ref>[http://www.itu.int/itunews/manager/display.asp?lang=en&year=2009&issue=03&ipage=18&ext=html www.itu.int]</ref>
The Committee has three working groups covering network engineering, computer security, and the training of human resources to provide technical, administrative and operational input to assist CGI.br in decisions and recommendations.<ref>[http://www.itu.int/itunews/manager/display.asp?lang=en&year=2009&issue=03&ipage=18&ext=html www.itu.int]</ref>
In 2005, CGI.br created Núcleo de Informação e Coordenação do Ponto BR ([[NIC.br]]), or the Brazilian Network Information Center, a non-profit organization under the committee to help in the implementation of specific areas of services such as: <ref>[http://www.itu.int/itunews/manager/display.asp?lang=en&year=2009&issue=03&ipage=18&ext=html Services]</ref>
In 2005, CGI.br created Núcleo de Informação e Coordenação do Ponto BR ([[NIC.br]]), or the Brazilian Network Information Center, a non-profit organization under the committee to help in the implementation of specific areas of services such as: <ref>[http://www.itu.int/itunews/manager/display.asp?lang=en&year=2009&issue=03&ipage=18&ext=html Services]</ref>
# '''Registro.br'''- Since its establishment, NIC.br has been responsible for the administration and registration of the .br ccTLD. It also offers engineering and web hosting for the Latin American and Caribbean Internet Addresses Register ([[LACNIC]]). There are approximately 1.6 million domain names already registered under the .br TLD as of 2009.
# '''Registro.br''' - Since its establishment, NIC.br has been responsible for the administration and registration of the .br ccTLD. It also offers engineering and web hosting for the Latin American and Caribbean Internet Addresses Register ([[LACNIC]]). There are approximately 1.6 million domain names already registered under the .br TLD as of 2009.
# '''CERT.br'''- is the Brazilian Computer Emergency Response Team, which is responsible for ensuring internet security. It provides support to network administrators and internet users in the country, is responsible for identifying new threats and malicious activities, and provides information and alerts to the Brazilian network. It also helps in establishing new Computer Security Incident Response Teams ([[CSIRTs]]) in Brazil.
# '''CERT.br''' - is the Brazilian Computer Emergency Response Team, which is responsible for ensuring internet security. It provides support to network administrators and internet users in the country, is responsible for identifying new threats and malicious activities, and provides information and alerts to the Brazilian network. It also helps in establishing new Computer Security Incident Response Teams ([[CSIRTs]]) in Brazil.
# '''CEPTRO.br'''- Centro de Estudos e Pesquisas em Tecnologia de Redes e Operações, or the Centre of Study and Research for Network and Operational Technologies, is responsible in the development and innovation of the internet's technical quality, with the goal of widening internet access in Brazil.
# '''CEPTRO.br''' - Centro de Estudos e Pesquisas em Tecnologia de Redes e Operações, or the Centre of Study and Research for Network and Operational Technologies, is responsible in the development and innovation of the internet's technical quality, with the goal of widening internet access in Brazil.
# '''CETIC.br'''- Centro de Estudos sobre as Tecnologias da Informação e da Comunicação, or the Center of Studies on Information and Communication Technologies, is responsible for observing indicators and statistics about the availability and usage of the Internet. It collects data significant for monitoring the social and economic impact of information and communication technologies (ICT) in Brazil, especially in comparison with other countries.
# '''CETIC.br''' - Centro de Estudos sobre as Tecnologias da Informação e da Comunicação, or the Center of Studies on Information and Communication Technologies, is responsible for observing indicators and statistics about the availability and usage of the Internet. It collects data significant for monitoring the social and economic impact of information and communication technologies (ICT) in Brazil, especially in comparison with other countries.
# '''W3C'''- NIC.br set up the first [[W3C]] (World Wide Web Consortium) office in South America. W3C's objective is to achieve the full potential of the internet by establishing standards and guidelines to ensure its continued development.
# '''W3C''' - NIC.br set up the first [[W3C]] (World Wide Web Consortium) office in South America. W3C's objective is to achieve the full potential of the internet by establishing standards and guidelines to ensure its continued development.
==CGI.br and ICANN==
==CGI.br and ICANN==
==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}
[[Category:Organizations]]
[[Category:CcTLD Manager]]
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