Changes

===[[Top-Level Domain|Top-Level Domains]]===

===[[Top-Level Domain|Top-Level Domains]]===

*The DNS maintains a database of top-level domains (TLDs) that can be accessed via the Internet. Top-level domains fall into three broad categories:  

*The DNS maintains a database of top-level domains (TLDs) that can be accessed via the Internet. Top-level domains fall into three broad categories:  

**[[GTLD|generic TLDs]] (gTLDs);  

**[[GTLD|generic TLDs]] (gTLDs);

**[[CcTLD|country code TLDs]] (ccTLDs); and  

**[[CcTLD|country code TLDs]] (ccTLDs); and

**[[Internationalized Domain Name|internationalized domain names]] (IDNs)

**[[Internationalized Domain Name|internationalized domain names]] (IDNs)

*[[Registry]] operators maintain the database of registrations for a particular TLD.

*[[Registry]] operators maintain the database of registrations for a particular TLD.

==Challenges==

==Challenges==

Continuing the hegemony of the DNS as the Internet means coping with the issues and questions about control ([[Internet Governance|who gets to control it), [[privacy]], [[trust]], [[Internet Fragmentation|fragmentation]], security as a rendezvous tool and a collection of markets, [[DNS Abuse]], [https://www.icann.org/en/public-comment/proceeding/recommendations-for-early-warning-for-root-zone-scaling-05-10-2020 scaling], [https://www.senki.org/network-operations-scaling/dns-latency-and-performance-test-tools/ speed], and the [https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3746594 economics].

Continuing the hegemony of the DNS as the Internet means coping with the issues and questions about control ([[Internet Governance|who gets to control it]]), [[Data Privacy]], [[trust]], [[Internet Fragmentation|fragmentation]], security as a rendezvous tool and a collection of markets, [[DNS Abuse]], [https://www.icann.org/en/public-comment/proceeding/recommendations-for-early-warning-for-root-zone-scaling-05-10-2020 scaling], [https://www.senki.org/network-operations-scaling/dns-latency-and-performance-test-tools/ speed], and the [https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3746594 economics].

Ensuring the resiliency, stability, and security of the DNS is critical to perpetuating the usefulness of the Internet. The DNS has two key types of [[DNS Value and Vulnerability|vulnerabilities]]: complexity and bad actors.

Ensuring the resiliency, stability, and security of the DNS is critical to perpetuating the usefulness of the Internet. The DNS has two key types of [[DNS Value and Vulnerability|vulnerabilities]]: complexity and bad actors.

===Complexity===

===Complexity===

===Bad Actors===

===Bad Actors===

#Internet governance organizations, registries, registrars, and the business constituency are very concerned about [[DNS Abuse]], which refers to the exploitation of the DNS for malicious purposes. In particular, a debate rages over where technical abuse ends and where content abuse begins.<ref>[https://comlaude.com/domain-name-abuse-and-corporate-domain-management/ Domain Name Abuse, Com Laude]</ref>

#Internet governance organizations, registries, registrars, and the business constituency are very concerned about [[DNS Abuse]], which refers to the exploitation of the DNS for malicious purposes. In particular, a debate rages over where technical abuse ends and where content abuse begins.<ref>[https://comlaude.com/domain-name-abuse-and-corporate-domain-management/ Domain Name Abuse, Com Laude]</ref>

==Associated Bodies==

==Associated Bodies==

[[ICANN]] exists to "facilitate the openness, interoperability, resilience, security and/or stability" of the '''Domain Name System (DNS)'''.<ref>[https://www.icann.org/resources/pages/governance/bylaws-en/#article1 ICANN.org Bylaws - Article 1]</ref> Although ICANN as a whole is dedicated to the mission of preserving an open, interoperable, resilient, secure, and stable DNS, specific committees, organizations, and entities are directly focused on the technical operation of the DNS:

[[ICANN]] exists to "facilitate the openness, interoperability, resilience, security and/or stability" of the '''Domain Name System (DNS)'''.<ref>[https://www.icann.org/resources/pages/governance/bylaws-en/#article1 ICANN.org Bylaws - Article 1]</ref> Although ICANN as a whole is dedicated to the mission of preserving an open, interoperable, resilient, secure, and stable DNS, specific committees, organizations, and entities are directly focused on the technical operation of the DNS: