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A '''Community TLD''' is a regulated type of [[gTLD|generic top level domain name]] (gTLD) made possible through [[ICANN]]'s [[New gTLD Program]]; it is intended for community groups that are interested in operating their own TLD [[registry]].  

A '''Community TLD''' is a regulated type of [[gTLD|generic top level domain name]] (gTLD) made possible through [[ICANN]]'s [[New gTLD Program]]; it is intended for community groups that are interested in operating their own TLD [[registry]].  

Community TLDs must represent a clearly delineated group or groups of people or entities. Examples could include cultural, religious, social or industry associations. The existence of the group must be clearly established. An example of a community TLD used by ICANN, is the .SUGAR TLD. This example was used by ICANN staff to brief them on a proposed registry change request. <ref>[http://archive.icann.org/en/topics/new-gtlds/explantory-memo-community-change-request-21feb11-en.pdf]</ref>

Formal guidance from the GNSO on community definition is as follows: community should be interpreted broadly and will include, for example, an economic sector, a cultural community, or a linguistic community. It may be a closely related community which believes it is impacted. See: [http://gnso.icann.org/en/issues/new-gtlds/pdp-dec05-fr-parta-08aug07.htm#_Toc43798015]

Community groups are given precedence for TLDs in contention; that is, if there are multiple applicants for a given string, and one of the applicants applies and proves community status, the community group is automatically given precedence to the TLD. Community status is proven through a process known as '''Community Priority Evaluation'''.

An example of a community TLD used by ICANN, is the .SUGAR TLD. This example was used by ICANN Staff to brief the Board on a proposed registry change request. <ref>[http://archive.icann.org/en/topics/new-gtlds/explantory-memo-community-change-request-21feb11-en.pdf]</ref><blockquote>''The registry operator of .SUGAR, a Community gTLD launched in support of the American Sugar Producers Association (ASPA), requests a Community gTLD Change to modify their registration policies to allow registration for all entities that are members of associations belonging to the newly established Global Sugar Association (GSA), having most of the world’s national sugar producer associations as members, including ASPA. Supporting documentation for this change is provided from both ASPA and GSA.''</blockquote><blockquote>''The public comments end with a lot of spam, plus one contribution by the European Sugar Beet Growers Association, ESBGA, claiming that the change would allow European sugar producers to register under this gTLD while not allowing ESBGA members to register, increasing the exposure and market power of the sugar producers to the detriment of the sugar beet growers, already being under pressure by the producers.''</blockquote>Community groups are given precedence for TLDs in contention; that is, if there are multiple applicants for a given string, and one of the applicants applies and proves community status, the community group is automatically given precedence to the TLD. Community status is proven through a process known as [[Community Priority Evaluation]].

The scoring process is conceived to identify qualified community-based applications, while preventing both “false positives” (awarding undue priority to an application that refers to a “community” construed merely to get a sought-after generic word as a gTLD string) and “false negatives” (not awarding priority to a qualified community application).  

The scoring process is conceived to identify qualified community-based applications, while preventing both “false positives” (awarding undue priority to an application that refers to a “community” construed merely to get a sought-after generic word as a gTLD string) and “false negatives” (not awarding priority to a qualified community application).  

This calls for a holistic approach, taking multiple criteria into account, as reflected in the process. The scoring will be performed by a panel and be based on information provided in the application plus other relevant information available (such as public information regarding the community represented). The panel may also perform independent research, if deemed necessary to reach informed scoring decisions.

This calls for a holistic approach, taking multiple criteria into account, as reflected in the process. The scoring will be performed by a panel and be based on information provided in the application plus other relevant information available (such as public information regarding the community represented). The panel may also perform independent research, if deemed necessary to reach informed scoring decisions.

'''[[Community Applicants|See all Community Applicants in the 2012 new gTLD expansion round]]'''.

 

<big>'''[[Community Applicants|See all Community Applicants in the 2012 new gTLD expansion round]]'''.</big>

 

==Requirements for Community TLD Applicants==

==Requirements for Community TLD Applicants==

Based on the gTLD [[Applicant Guidebook]]'s process for Community Priority Evaluation applicants for community based gTLDs must demonstrate the following, scoring at least 14 of 16 possible points:<ref>[http://www.icann.org/en/topics/new-gtlds/rfp-clean-19sep11-en.pdf gTLD Applicant Guidebook, Version 2011-09-19]</ref>

Based on the gTLD [[Applicant Guidebook]]'s process for Community Priority Evaluation applicants for community based gTLDs must demonstrate the following, scoring at least 14 of 16 possible points:<ref>[http://www.icann.org/en/topics/new-gtlds/rfp-clean-19sep11-en.pdf gTLD Applicant Guidebook, Version 2011-09-19]</ref>

** 1 point Eligibility; restricted to community members

** 1 point Eligibility; restricted to community members

** 1 point Name Selection; policies include name restriction rules corresponding the the community's mission and purpose

** 1 point Name Selection; policies include name restriction rules corresponding the the community's mission and purpose

** 1 point Content and USe; policies include content and use rules corresponding to the community's mission and purpose

** 1 point Content and Use; policies include content and use rules corresponding to the community's mission and purpose

** 1 point Enforcement; policies include specific enforcement measures

** 1 point Enforcement; policies include specific enforcement measures

*** 2 points if there is no opposition of relevance

*** 2 points if there is no opposition of relevance

*** 1 point if there is opposition from only one relevant group of non-negligible size

*** 1 point if there is opposition from only one relevant group of non-negligible size

==ICANN Analysis of Community TLD Concept==

==ICANN Analysis of Community TLD Concept==

Some comments state that community-based governance mechanisms should be part of the criteria. To add points for a multi‐stakeholder governance structure in general, or regarding policy development in particular, certainly has some merit but would add considerable complexity to the assessment and require additional compliance measures post‐delegation. '''The community priority evaluation is not intended to be a means of requiring various types of community representation models.''' However, it is expected that an accountability to the community is present, as demonstrated by the other criteria (e.g., delineation of the community, registration policies, and documentation of support).

Some comments state that community-based governance mechanisms should be part of the criteria. To add points for a multi‐stakeholder governance structure in general, or regarding policy development in particular, certainly has some merit but would add considerable complexity to the assessment and require additional compliance measures post‐delegation. '''The community priority evaluation is not intended to be a means of requiring various types of community representation models.''' However, it is expected that an accountability to the community is present, as demonstrated by the other criteria (e.g., delineation of the community, registration policies, and documentation of support).

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'''Applicant Guidebook V6 ICANN Comment Analysis:'''

'''Applicant Guidebook V6 ICANN Comment Analysis:'''

==Applied for Community TLDs==

==Applied for Community TLDs==

The following TLD applications have all been filed as community applications, note that some applicants have filed two applications for the same string, one as community and one as generic.<ref>[http://gtldresult.icann.org/application-result/applicationstatus/viewstatus ViewStatus, GTLDResult.ICANN.org]</ref> This is done defensively so that in the case that community status is denied the applicant still has a chance at obtaining the TLD. Community applications represent 4% of the total applied for strings.<ref>[http://news.dot-nxt.com/gtld/all/infographic InfoGraphic, News.Dot-nxt.com]</ref>

The following TLD applications have all been filed as community applications, note that some applicants have filed two applications for the same string, one as community and one as generic.<ref>[http://gtldresult.icann.org/application-result/applicationstatus/viewstatus ViewStatus, GTLDResult.ICANN.org]</ref> This is done defensively so that in the case that community status is denied the applicant still has a chance at obtaining the TLD. Community applications represent 4% of the total applied for strings.<ref>[http://news.dot-nxt.com/gtld/all/infographic InfoGraphic, News.Dot-nxt.com]</ref>

# [[.halal]]

# [[.halal]]

# [[.islam]]

# [[.islam]]

# [[.gea]]

# [[.gea]]

# [[.swiss]]

# [[.swiss]]

# [[.med]] - (2 community applicants)

# [[.med]]

# [[.католик]]

# [[.католик]]

# [[كاثوليك.]]

# [[كاثوليك.]]

# [[.archi]]

# [[.archi]]

# [[.bzh]]

# [[.bzh]]

#.[[ieee]]

# [[.ieee]]

# [[.corsica]]

# [[.corsica]]

# [[.政务]]

# [[.政务]]

# [[.eco]]

# [[.eco]]

# [[ngo]]

# [[.ngo]]

# [[.ong]]

# [[.ong]]

# [[.berlin]]

# [[.berlin]]

# [[.corp]]

# [[.corp]]

# [[.llp]]

# [[.llp]]

== Potential Benefits of Operating a Community TLD==

== Potential Benefits of Operating a Community TLD==

[[Category:Glossary]]

[[Category:Glossary]]