9,082
edits
Changes
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
Line 10:
Line 10: + − + + + + + Line 25:
Line 30: + +
→Background
==Background==
==Background==
===NSI Cooperative Agreement & the SRS===
From 1993 to 1998 [[Network Solutions]] was the only Registrar and Registry Operator for [[.com]], [[.net]] and [[.org]] top level domain names ([[TLD]]s) based on a Cooperative Agreement between the company and National Science Foundation ([[NSF]]).<ref>
From 1993 to 1998 [[Network Solutions]] was the only Registrar and Registry Operator for [[.com]], [[.net]] and [[.org]] top level domain names ([[TLD]]s) based on a Cooperative Agreement between the company and National Science Foundation ([[NSF]]).<ref>
[http://www.nsf.gov/news/special_reports/cyber/internet.jsp A Brief History of NSF and the Internet]</ref>
[http://www.nsf.gov/news/special_reports/cyber/internet.jsp A Brief History of NSF and the Internet]</ref>
The [[Department of Commerce]] (DOC) extended and amended the Cooperative Agreement with NSI when the contract expired in 1998. Under the new Cooperative Agreement, NSI will continue to serve as a Registry Operator and to implement a Shared Registry System ([[SRS]]) by June 1, 1999, which will be accessible for multiple registrars to be accredited by the non-profit organization that will takeover the technical management of the DNS. Five registrars will be chosen by the new corporation to test bed the SRS. <ref>[http://www.ntia.doc.gov/legacy/ntiahome/domainname/proposals/DOCNSI100698.htm Special Award Conditions NCR-9218742 Amendment No. 11]</ref> The Agreement was modified twice to adjust the date of the deployment of the SRS from June 1 to June 25, 1999 <ref>[http://www.ntia.doc.gov/files/ntia/publications/amend12.pdf Amendment Number 12]</ref> and the inclusion of a registration fee for new domain names; $9 for one year and $18 for two years and the Registrar License Agreement.<ref>[http://www.ntia.doc.gov/files/ntia/publications/amendment13.pdf Amendment Number 13]</ref> In November 1998, the DOC officially recognized [[ICANN]] as the new private, non-profit organization responsible in administering the technical management of DNS. Part of its responsibility is to supervise the deployment and transition to SRS, to develop and implement procedures for registrar accreditation to ensure competitive registration system and to maintain the stability and security of the internet.<ref>[http://www.icann.org/en/resources/registrars/accreditation/history Registrar Accreditation: History of the Shared Registry System]</ref>
The [[Department of Commerce]] (DOC) extended and amended the Cooperative Agreement with NSI when the contract expired in 1998. Under the new Cooperative Agreement, NSI will continue to serve as a Registry Operator and to implement a Shared Registry System ([[SRS]]) by June 1, 1999, which will be accessible for multiple registrars to be accredited by the non-profit organization that will takeover the technical management of the DNS. Five registrars will be chosen by the new corporation to test bed the SRS. <ref>[http://www.ntia.doc.gov/legacy/ntiahome/domainname/proposals/DOCNSI100698.htm Special Award Conditions NCR-9218742 Amendment No. 11]</ref> The Agreement was modified twice to adjust the date of the deployment of the SRS from June 1 to June 25, 1999 <ref>[http://www.ntia.doc.gov/files/ntia/publications/amend12.pdf Amendment Number 12]</ref> and the inclusion of a registration fee for new domain names; $9 for one year and $18 for two years and the Registrar License Agreement.<ref>[http://www.ntia.doc.gov/files/ntia/publications/amendment13.pdf Amendment Number 13]</ref>
===ICANN's Registrar Accreditation Policy===
On November 1998, the DOC officially recognized [[ICANN]] as the new private, non-profit organization responsible in administering the technical management of DNS. Part of its responsibility is to supervise the deployment and transition to SRS, to develop and implement procedures for registrar accreditation to ensure competitive registration system and to maintain the stability and security of the internet.<ref>[http://www.icann.org/en/resources/registrars/accreditation/history Registrar Accreditation: History of the Shared Registry System]</ref>
On March 4, 1999, the [[ICANN Board]] adopted the Statement of Registrar Accreditation Policy for .com, .net and .org TLDs. Under the policy, registrars seeking to participate in the SRS Testbed Program are required to pay $2,500 while all other registrar applicants will pay $1,000. Applicants that were not selected for the test bed were considered for regular accreditation.<ref>[http://www.icann.org/en/resources/registrars/accreditation/policy-statement Statement of Registrar Accreditation Policy]</ref>
On March 4, 1999, the [[ICANN Board]] adopted the Statement of Registrar Accreditation Policy for .com, .net and .org TLDs. Under the policy, registrars seeking to participate in the SRS Testbed Program are required to pay $2,500 while all other registrar applicants will pay $1,000. Applicants that were not selected for the test bed were considered for regular accreditation.<ref>[http://www.icann.org/en/resources/registrars/accreditation/policy-statement Statement of Registrar Accreditation Policy]</ref>
===Participants for the SRS Testbed Program===
ICANN accepted applicants for the SRS Testbed Program from March 11 to April 8, 1999. On April 21, 1999, ICANN announced the five registrars selected to participate in the testbed including:<ref>[http://www.icann.org/en/news/announcements/icann-pr-21apr99-en.htm ICANN Names Competitive Domain-Name Registrars]</ref>
ICANN accepted applicants for the SRS Testbed Program from March 11 to April 8, 1999. On April 21, 1999, ICANN announced the five registrars selected to participate in the testbed including:<ref>[http://www.icann.org/en/news/announcements/icann-pr-21apr99-en.htm ICANN Names Competitive Domain-Name Registrars]</ref>
# America Online ([[AOL]])
# America Online ([[AOL]])
In addition, ICANN also announced the names of 29 companies that will receive accreditation after the completion of the SRS Testbed Program. The testbed ended on November 30, 1999. The List of Businesses to be Accredited as '''Post-Testbed Registrars''' is available [http://archive.icann.org/en/registrars/posttestebed-21apr99.htm '''here''']
In addition, ICANN also announced the names of 29 companies that will receive accreditation after the completion of the SRS Testbed Program. The testbed ended on November 30, 1999. The List of Businesses to be Accredited as '''Post-Testbed Registrars''' is available [http://archive.icann.org/en/registrars/posttestebed-21apr99.htm '''here''']
===ICANN Accredited Registrars==
ICANN continued to accept applications for registrar accreditation until today. Here is a complete list of existing [http://www.icann.org/registrar-reports/accredited-list.html '''ICANN Accredited Registrars''']]
ICANN continued to accept applications for registrar accreditation until today. Here is a complete list of existing [http://www.icann.org/registrar-reports/accredited-list.html '''ICANN Accredited Registrars''']]
===2009 Registrar Accreditation Agreement (RAA)===
ICANN implemented a new version of Registrar Accreditation Agreement ([[RAA]]) on March 17, 2001 effective until March 21, 2009. A new revision was again introduced on March 21, 2009 with 17 amendments. Some of the revisions include:<ref>[http://www.icann.org/en/resources/registrars/accreditation/history Registrar Accreditation: History of the Shared Registry System]</ref>
ICANN implemented a new version of Registrar Accreditation Agreement ([[RAA]]) on March 17, 2001 effective until March 21, 2009. A new revision was again introduced on March 21, 2009 with 17 amendments. Some of the revisions include:<ref>[http://www.icann.org/en/resources/registrars/accreditation/history Registrar Accreditation: History of the Shared Registry System]</ref>
* improved enforcement tools to ensure full compliance with the ICANN contract and policies
* improved enforcement tools to ensure full compliance with the ICANN contract and policies