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Independent Objector (view source)

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[http://www.icann.org/en/topics/new-gtlds/independent-objector-position-description-21nov11-en.pdf Preferred Experience]. ICANN. Published 2012 November 21.</ref>
 
[http://www.icann.org/en/topics/new-gtlds/independent-objector-position-description-21nov11-en.pdf Preferred Experience]. ICANN. Published 2012 November 21.</ref>
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Along with all other formal objections, any objections from the IO must be received by March 13th.<ref>[http://www.circleid.com/posts/20130227_new_gtlds_preparing_for_march_madness/ New gTLDs Preparing for March Madness, CircleID.com] Retreived 28 Feb 2013</ref>
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Along with all other formal objections, any objections from the IO had to be made by March 13th, 2013.<ref>[http://www.circleid.com/posts/20130227_new_gtlds_preparing_for_march_madness/ New gTLDs Preparing for March Madness, CircleID.com] Retreived 28 Feb 2013</ref>
 
==Selection==
 
==Selection==
 
It was stated in November 2011 that the Independent Objector will sign a contract with ICANN and will receive a fair compensation and a budget will be provided to cover all expenses related to the objection proceedings.<ref>
 
It was stated in November 2011 that the Independent Objector will sign a contract with ICANN and will receive a fair compensation and a budget will be provided to cover all expenses related to the objection proceedings.<ref>
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In October 2012, Independent Objector launched its own website independently from ICANN. French international law expert [[Alain Pellet]] will be the IO, with assistance from Julien Boissise. If necessary, their jobs will be to file Community Objections and Limited Public Interest Objections against new gTLD applications.<ref>[http://domainincite.com/10883-independent-objector-launches-web-site Independent Objector launches web site]. Domain Incite. Published 2012 October 26. Retrieved 2012 November 15.</ref>
 
In October 2012, Independent Objector launched its own website independently from ICANN. French international law expert [[Alain Pellet]] will be the IO, with assistance from Julien Boissise. If necessary, their jobs will be to file Community Objections and Limited Public Interest Objections against new gTLD applications.<ref>[http://domainincite.com/10883-independent-objector-launches-web-site Independent Objector launches web site]. Domain Incite. Published 2012 October 26. Retrieved 2012 November 15.</ref>
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==IO Objections==
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The IO filed official objections against the following strings:
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<br>
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'''Community Objections:'''
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# [[.amazon]] - [[Amazon]]
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# [[.アマゾン]] (Amazon) - [[Amazon]]
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# [[.亚马逊]] (Amazon) - [[Amazon]]
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# [[.charity]] - [[Donuts]]
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# [[.charity]] - [[Famous Four Media]]
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# [[.慈善]] - [[Zodiac]]
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# [[.healthcare]] - [[Donuts]]
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# [[.hospital]] - [[Donuts]]
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# [[.indians]] - [[Reliance Industries Limited]]
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# [[.med]] - [[Google]]
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# [[.med]] - [[Medistry LLC]]
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# [[.medical]] - [[Donuts]]
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# [[.patagonia]] - [[Patagonia]]
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<br>
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'''Limited Public Interest Objections:'''
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# [[.health]] - [[Afilias]]
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# [[.health]] - [[DotHealth, LLC]]
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# [[.health]] - [[Famous Four Media]]
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# [[.health]] - [[Donuts]]
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# [[.healthcare]] - [[Donuts]]
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# [[.hospital]] - [[Donuts]]
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# [[.med]] - [[Google]]
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# [[.med]] - [[DocCheck AG]]
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# [[.med]] - [[HEXAP SAS]]
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# [[.med]] - [[Medistry LLC]]
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# [[.medical]] - [[Donuts]]
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===Criteria===
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The IO was only allowed to object to TLD applications on grounds of Limited Public Interest or Community related grounds. In the case of '''Limited Public Interest''', "the applied-for gTLD string must be contrary to generally accepted legal norms of morality and public order that are recognized under fundamental principles of international law. The expert panel appointed by the ICC will base its decision on the existence of such a contradiction." The applied for string must threaten an incitement to violence of lawless action, discrimination, child pornography, or "be contrary to specific principles of international law as reflected in relevant international instruments of law."<ref>[http://www.independent-objector-newgtlds.org/english-version/limited-public-interests-objections/ Limited Public Interest, Independent Objector NewgTLDs.org] Retrieved 14 Mar 2013</ref>
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For the IO to object to on '''Community''' grounds the TLD must face opposition or be contrary to a significant portion of a community which it purportedly aims to serve. The IO must determine: That the community is a clearly delineated community; that there is a strong association between the community and the string applied for; there is a strong association between the segment of the community on whose half we objects and the string itself; and he must determine that the TLD would produce a significant material detriment to this sizable portion of the community.<ref>[http://www.independent-objector-newgtlds.org/english-version/community-objections/ Community Objections, Independent Objector New gTlds.org] Retrieved 14 Mar 2013</ref>
    
==IO on Controversial Strings==
 
==IO on Controversial Strings==
 
In December 2012, Mr. Pellet released his first correspondence on actual TLDs, commenting on so-called "Controversial Applications". Those strings include: [[.adult]], [[.sex]], [[.porn]], [[.sexy]], [[.hot]], [[.gay]], [[.lgbt]], [[.persiangulf]], [[.vodka]], and [[.wtf]]. A string seemed to have been deemed "controversial" by Mr. Pellet if it received a substantial amount of objections during the public comment period. He addresses each TLD separately and at length, noting the objection, and turning to International law and precedent to determine whether an objection from his point of view, of defending the public interest, is warranted. In each case he concludes that the objections are not supported by international law and that regional, cultural, and personal issues influence the objections rather than broadly accepted treaties, laws, or international cultural trends. He has reserved the right to later object to the strings, but at that time it was deemed that the "controversial strings" are in fact not offensive to the greater public interest and Internet users.<ref>[http://www.independent-objector-newgtlds.org/english-version/the-independent-objector-s-comments-on-controversial-applications/ The Independent Objectors Comments on Controversial Applications, Independent-Objector-NewgTLDs.org]Retrieved 8 Jan 2013</ref>
 
In December 2012, Mr. Pellet released his first correspondence on actual TLDs, commenting on so-called "Controversial Applications". Those strings include: [[.adult]], [[.sex]], [[.porn]], [[.sexy]], [[.hot]], [[.gay]], [[.lgbt]], [[.persiangulf]], [[.vodka]], and [[.wtf]]. A string seemed to have been deemed "controversial" by Mr. Pellet if it received a substantial amount of objections during the public comment period. He addresses each TLD separately and at length, noting the objection, and turning to International law and precedent to determine whether an objection from his point of view, of defending the public interest, is warranted. In each case he concludes that the objections are not supported by international law and that regional, cultural, and personal issues influence the objections rather than broadly accepted treaties, laws, or international cultural trends. He has reserved the right to later object to the strings, but at that time it was deemed that the "controversial strings" are in fact not offensive to the greater public interest and Internet users.<ref>[http://www.independent-objector-newgtlds.org/english-version/the-independent-objector-s-comments-on-controversial-applications/ The Independent Objectors Comments on Controversial Applications, Independent-Objector-NewgTLDs.org]Retrieved 8 Jan 2013</ref>
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==IO on Closed Generics==
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The IO weighed in on the issue of [[gTLD#Closed Strings|closed generic applications]], which became a much discussed topic in the ICANN community in late 2013 and early 2013. Prominent members of the community fought for and against the notion that major corporations could acquire TLDs that feature generic terms, such as [[.book]], [[.cloud]], [[.jewelry]], [[.beauty]], and use them for solely their own interests, thereby cutting off registration to the general public and their competitors. The IO notes that he was petitioned directly by a number of parties to file objections to these strings, but that he decided not to do so. Reasons for this include; the fact that sometimes generic terms are created from brand or trademarked names, and vice versa; that his powers and scope are intentionally limited and restricted to community objections and those related to limited public interest, and there is little ground for either as closed generics are not strictly a discussion of freedom of expression and generic terms are by definition broad and do not apply to a singular community.<ref>[http://www.independent-objector-newgtlds.org/english-version/the-issue-of-closed-generic-gtlds/ The Issue of Closed Generic gTLDs, Independent-Objector-NewgTLDs.org] Retrieved 14 Mar 2013</ref>
    
==Criticism==
 
==Criticism==
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[[Category: Glossary]]
 
[[Category: Glossary]]
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