Internet: Difference between revisions

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===ARPANET===

The Advanced Research Projects Agency Network (ARPANET) was a branch of the United State's military and earliest iteration of the Internet. It used a packet-switching method to transmit information between various 'nodes' across the country via an IMP or Interface Message Processor. It was also the first network to use [[TCP/IP]], developed by [[Vint Cerf]] and [[Robert Kahn]].

The Advanced Research Projects Agency Network ([[ARPANET]]) was a branch of the United State's military and earliest iteration of the Internet. It used a packet-switching method to transmit information between various 'nodes' across the country via an IMP or Interface Message Processor. It was also the first network to use [[TCP/IP]], developed by [[Vint Cerf]] and [[Robert Kahn]].

Nodes were delegated to different campuses located in Western and Northeastern United States. This process began in 1969 when [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BBN_Technologies BBN], a research and development firm based in Cambridge, Massachusetts, delivered the first Interface Message Processor, or [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interface_Message_Processor IMP]<ref name="Living Internet">http://www.livinginternet.com/i/ii_arpanet.htm. Michael Hauben. Retrieved 26 Mar 2015</ref> to Kleinrock at UCLA. Here, graduate students [[Vinton Cerf]], [[Steve Crocker]], [[Bill Naylor]], [[John Postel]] and [[Mike Wingfield]] connected their node via hardware with the IMP. The work was a success and messages between the two machines passed without interference thereafter.

Researchers at Doug Engelbert's Stanford Research Institute (SRI) were next to receive an IMP. Upon receipt, members at UCLA and Stanford conducted the first network inter-nodal communication. Using a low-speed dial-up line, the researchers developed a connection, testing the packet transmission. The experiment was a minor success, scientists in Stanford received the 'L' and 'O' of 'LOGIN', and the transmission consequently crashed ARPA's fragile network. Regardless of its initial gaps, the "packet-switching" communication test incrementally inched researchers toward a more complete formation of ARPANET. <ref name="Hx of Internet"/>

Researchers at Doug Engelbert's Stanford Research Institute (SRI) were next to receive an IMP. Upon receipt, members at UCLA and Stanford conducted the first network inter-nodal communication. Using a low-speed dial-up line, the researchers developed a connection, testing the packet transmission. The experiment was a minor success, scientists in Stanford received the 'L' and 'O' of 'LOGIN', and the transmission consequently crashed ARPA's fragile network. Regardless of its initial gaps, the "packet-switching" communication test incrementally inched researchers toward a more complete formation of [[ARPANET]]. <ref name="Hx of Internet"/>

''' ARPANET Nodes'''

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 ===ARPANET===
-The Advanced Research Projects Agency Network (ARPANET) was a branch of the United State's military and earliest iteration of the Internet. It used a packet-switching method to transmit information between various 'nodes' across the country via an IMP or Interface Message Processor. It was also the first network to use [[TCP/IP]], developed by [[Vint Cerf]] and [[Robert Kahn]].
+The Advanced Research Projects Agency Network ([[ARPANET]]) was a branch of the United State's military and earliest iteration of the Internet. It used a packet-switching method to transmit information between various 'nodes' across the country via an IMP or Interface Message Processor. It was also the first network to use [[TCP/IP]], developed by [[Vint Cerf]] and [[Robert Kahn]].
 Nodes were delegated to different campuses located in Western and Northeastern United States. This process began in 1969 when [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BBN_Technologies BBN], a research and development firm based in Cambridge, Massachusetts, delivered the first Interface Message Processor, or [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interface_Message_Processor IMP]<ref name="Living Internet">http://www.livinginternet.com/i/ii_arpanet.htm. Michael Hauben. Retrieved 26 Mar 2015</ref> to Kleinrock at UCLA. Here, graduate students [[Vinton Cerf]], [[Steve Crocker]], [[Bill Naylor]], [[John Postel]] and [[Mike Wingfield]] connected their node via hardware with the IMP. The work was a success and messages between the two machines passed without interference thereafter.
-Researchers at Doug Engelbert's Stanford Research Institute (SRI) were next to receive an IMP. Upon receipt, members at UCLA and Stanford conducted the first network inter-nodal communication. Using a low-speed dial-up line, the researchers developed a connection, testing the packet transmission. The experiment was a minor success, scientists in Stanford received the 'L' and 'O' of 'LOGIN', and the transmission consequently crashed ARPA's fragile network. Regardless of its initial gaps, the "packet-switching"  communication test incrementally inched researchers toward a more complete formation of ARPANET. <ref name="Hx of Internet"/>
+Researchers at Doug Engelbert's Stanford Research Institute (SRI) were next to receive an IMP. Upon receipt, members at UCLA and Stanford conducted the first network inter-nodal communication. Using a low-speed dial-up line, the researchers developed a connection, testing the packet transmission. The experiment was a minor success, scientists in Stanford received the 'L' and 'O' of 'LOGIN', and the transmission consequently crashed ARPA's fragile network. Regardless of its initial gaps, the "packet-switching"  communication test incrementally inched researchers toward a more complete formation of [[ARPANET]]. <ref name="Hx of Internet"/>
 ''' ARPANET Nodes'''