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{{CompanyInfo|
==Company Information==
| logo            = IEDR.JPG
IEDR (IE Domain Registry CLG) is an independent, not-for-profit organisation that manages and maintains Ireland's country code top-level domain ([[ccTLD]]), [[.ie]]<ref>www.iedr.ie </ref>. IEDR's offices are based at 2 Harbour Square, Dun Laoghaire, Co. Dublin.
| type            = Not-for-profit
| industry        = Internet
| founded        = 1999
| founders        =
| ownership      =
| headquarters    = Windsor House - 14 Windsor Terrace <br>Sandycove CO, Dublin
| country        = Ireland
| businesses      =
| products        =
| employees      = 
| revenue        =
| website        = [http://www.domainregistry.ie/ domainregistry.ie]
| blog            =
| facebook        =
| linkedin        =
| twitter        =
| keypeople      = Sean Scanlan, Chairman <br>
[[David Curtin]], CEO
}}


'''IEDR''' ('''IE Domain Registry Limited''') is an independent, not-for-profit organization that serves as the domain [[registry]] for Ireland's country code top-level domain ([[ccTLD]]), [[.ie]]. It is not a governing or regulatory  body, rather it manages and maintains the .ie name space for the public interest of the Irish internet community and internationally.<ref>[http://www.domainregistry.ie/ IEDR]</ref>
IEDR is a member of, and participates collaboratively with other ccTLD Registries at the Council of European National Top-Level Domain Registries ([[CENTR]])<ref>https://centr.org/about/members.html</ref>.


IEDR is a member of the Council of European National Top-Level Domain Registries ([[CENTR]]).<ref name="centr">[https://centr.org/member/iedr IEDR], CENTR.org. Retrieved 2015 August 4.</ref>
==Background==
The .ie namespace was initially managed in University College Dublin (UCD), however in July 2000, IEDR became a private company<ref name=":0">https://www.iedr.ie/about-the-iedr/</ref>. It has no shareholders and the company is owned by its members who are the directors.
 
This structure, being limited by guarantee, is a very common one for domain registries around the world.
 
Surpluses are not distributed, they are added to opening reserves. Directors, as per the company’s constitution, do not have a “beneficial interest“ in the reserves of the company<ref name=":0" />.  
 
These acts are undertaken as a public service. It liaises as required with government departments, governing bodies, trade associations and abides by Internet best practice principles while still operating as an independent private company<ref name=":0" />.


==Background==
IEDR's work includes protecting, supporting and promoting the online presence of all .ie domain names.
The University College of Dublin was the original operator of the .ie ccTLD. On July 2000, IE Domain Registry Limited took over the administration. Members of IEDR, who also serve as its directors, own the company but do not have beneficial interest on its reserves, as IEDR administers the .ie ccTLD as a public service.<ref> [http://www.iedr.ie/index.php/mnudomregs/mnufaq Background]</ref>
 
==.ie Policy Development & the Policy Advisory Committee==
The Board of the IE Domain Registry (IEDR) established a Policy Advisory Committee (PAC) in July 2014 to consider and provide advice on policy issues concerning Ireland’s Internet top-level domain, .ie<ref name=":1">https://www.iedr.ie/p30/policy-development/</ref>. 


The Electronic Commerce Act of 2000 provides rules for the .ie ccTLD wherein the Minister of Communications has the power to introduce regulation.<ref>[http://www.kilroys.ie/library/it/electronic_commerce_act_2000.htm Electronic Commerce Act 2000]</ref>
The Policy Advisory Committee (PAC) operates in line with the framework of the .ie Policy Development Process (PDP) which is designed to be bottom-up, consensus-driven and multi-stakeholder led - 


==Controversies==
this means that any stakeholder can submit a policy change request, and where there is consensus among stakeholders, the policy change can be implemented<ref name=":1" />.  
In 2002, IEDR was disheveled by a series of disputes and concerns over the company’s financial stability and organizational management. The [[Internet Service Providers Association of Ireland]] expressed their concerns and said that .ie ccTLD’s management should be transparent, represents the broad interests of Ireland, and sell domain names at a cost-effective price that would support the growth of internet services.  


Based on Section 31 of the Electronic Commerce Act, the Minister of Communications has the power to resolve such issues. The Minister reluctantly stepped in and conducted a dialogue with IEDR Chairman [[John Scanlan]] and consultations with the Ministers for Enterprise, Trade and Employment and other public bodies, including the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers ([[ICANN]]).<ref>[http://www.siliconrepublic.com/strategy/item/342-minister-may-act-over-ie-d IEDR Controversies]</ref>
The PAC has previously considered policy change proposals, such as those relating to the introduction of:- 
* 1 & 2 letter domain names
* Internationalised domain names (IDNs)
* the secondary market (re-sale of the right to use a .ie domain name via the aftermarket) 
* a restriction on the use of the term "architect" in .ie domain registrations
* an alternative dispute resolution policy 


In 2004, Communications Regulation (ComReg) took over the policy functions of IEDR under the Communications Regulation (Amendment) Bill 2007,<ref>[http://www.oireachtas.ie/viewdoc.asp?fn=/documents/bills28/bills/2007/0807/b08d07d.pdf Communications Regulation (Amendment) Bill 2007]</ref> which was  legislated on May 15, 2007. IEDR remained as administrator for the .ie ccTLD with [[Dave Curtin]] as the new CEO.<ref>[http://www.siliconrepublic.com/business/item/2799-comreg-takes-over-iedr Com Reg]</ref>
It has also considered policy change proposals relating to the removal of the:- 
* restriction on registering .ie domains corresponding to geographic place names in the island of Ireland
* registration requirement to show a "claim to the name" - retaining the need to demonstrate a substantive connection to the island of Ireland
* restriction on personal domain names
* restriction of the use of the term "university" in .ie domain names 


===.ie Disruptions===
The Policy Advisory Committee convenes on an almost quarterly basis, in person, to discuss the various policy change proposals raised for consideration. Further engagement is facilitated by means of conference call and mailing list discussions in the interim periods between meetings, to ensure that discussions progress and maintain momentum.
On October 9th, 2012, both [[Google]] and [[Yahoo!]] experienced prolonged disruptions in their services under the [[.ie]] [[ccTLD|country code top-level domain name]] (ccTLD). Technology.ie was the first party to report that Google's nameservers had experienced an "unauthorised change" that directed them to fraudulent nameservers in Indonesia.<ref name="sociable">[http://sociable.co/web/google-ie-and-yahoo-ie-unavailable-after-unauthorised-change-of-nameservers/ Google.ie and Yahoo.ie unavailable after "unauthorised change" to nameservers], Sociable.co. Published 9 October 2012. Retrieved 23 November 2012.</ref>


Though IEDR initially stated that "an unauthorised change was made to two .ie domains on an independent registra'’s account which resulted in a change of DNS nameservers", on November 9th, it stated that a further investigation confirmed that "neither the Registrar of the affected domains nor its systems had any responsibility for this incident." The registry further said that hackers probed its system for 25 days before breaking in via a vulnerability in its Joomla content management system, which enabled the attackers to access back-end databases and upload malicious PHP scripts.<ref>[http://domainincite.com/10965-iedr-admits-blame-for-hack-that-brought-down-google-and-yahoo IEDR admits blame for hack that brought down Google and Yahoo], DomainIncite.com. Published 9 November 2012. Retrieved 23 November 2012.</ref>
==Registration and Naming Policy==
Those wishing to register .ie domains must show that the meet the registration requirements of the .ie namespace, which are detailed within the Registration and Naming Policy<ref>https://www.iedr.ie/about-the-iedr/our-policies/</ref>.


==Registration Policy==
Specifically, future Registrants of .ie domain names must show that they have a substantive connection to the island of Ireland<ref>https://www.iedr.ie/uploads/IEDR-RegistrationNaming-.IE-Namespace.pdf</ref>.
Registrants of .ie domain name who are not situated within the 32 counties of Ireland must demonstrate a substantial connection in the country such as:<ref>[http://www.iedr.ie/index.php/mnudomregs/mnuregpolicy Registration Policy]</ref>
==.ie Dispute Resolution Policy==
* copies of invoices (showing trade to or from Ireland) 
Complaints regarding .ie domain names can be submitted to the .ie Dispute Resolution Policy, which is independently operated by the World Intellectual Property Organization ([[WIPO]])<ref>https://www.iedr.ie/dispute-resolution/</ref>. IEDR implements the decisions made by the Administrative Panel appointed to review the complaint, subject to a 21-day stay on decision implementation (to allow for the submission of a legal challenge).
* high-quality brochures showing a significant intention to trade in Ireland
* a signed letter on headed paper from a bank manager, firm of chartered accountant, registered auditor, tax consultant or solicitor confirming the applicants trade with Ireland.
 
==Dispute Resolution==
Any registrant with a complaint regarding domain names must initiate action under Administrative Proceeding. The complainant must show that he or she is a current registrant and has the right to the domain. The World Intellectual Property Organization ([[WIPO]]) appoints an independent and impartial panel of experts to decide on the complaint.<ref>[http://arbiter.wipo.int/domains/rules/ie.html Arbiter.wipo.int]</ref> IEDR is to implement the decisions made by the panel.<ref>[http://www.domainregistry.ie/index.php/mnudisres/mnuexnotes Dispute Resolution]</ref>


==Awards & Recognition==
==Awards & Recognition==
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{{reflist}}


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[[Category: Registries]]
[[Category: Registries]]

Revision as of 17:41, 7 November 2018

Company Information[edit | edit source]

IEDR (IE Domain Registry CLG) is an independent, not-for-profit organisation that manages and maintains Ireland's country code top-level domain (ccTLD), .ie[1]. IEDR's offices are based at 2 Harbour Square, Dun Laoghaire, Co. Dublin.

IEDR is a member of, and participates collaboratively with other ccTLD Registries at the Council of European National Top-Level Domain Registries (CENTR)[2].

Background[edit | edit source]

The .ie namespace was initially managed in University College Dublin (UCD), however in July 2000, IEDR became a private company[3]. It has no shareholders and the company is owned by its members who are the directors.

This structure, being limited by guarantee, is a very common one for domain registries around the world.

Surpluses are not distributed, they are added to opening reserves. Directors, as per the company’s constitution, do not have a “beneficial interest“ in the reserves of the company[3].

These acts are undertaken as a public service. It liaises as required with government departments, governing bodies, trade associations and abides by Internet best practice principles while still operating as an independent private company[3].

IEDR's work includes protecting, supporting and promoting the online presence of all .ie domain names.

.ie Policy Development & the Policy Advisory Committee[edit | edit source]

The Board of the IE Domain Registry (IEDR) established a Policy Advisory Committee (PAC) in July 2014 to consider and provide advice on policy issues concerning Ireland’s Internet top-level domain, .ie[4].

The Policy Advisory Committee (PAC) operates in line with the framework of the .ie Policy Development Process (PDP) which is designed to be bottom-up, consensus-driven and multi-stakeholder led -

this means that any stakeholder can submit a policy change request, and where there is consensus among stakeholders, the policy change can be implemented[4].

The PAC has previously considered policy change proposals, such as those relating to the introduction of:-

  • 1 & 2 letter domain names
  • Internationalised domain names (IDNs)
  • the secondary market (re-sale of the right to use a .ie domain name via the aftermarket)
  • a restriction on the use of the term "architect" in .ie domain registrations
  • an alternative dispute resolution policy

It has also considered policy change proposals relating to the removal of the:-

  • restriction on registering .ie domains corresponding to geographic place names in the island of Ireland
  • registration requirement to show a "claim to the name" - retaining the need to demonstrate a substantive connection to the island of Ireland
  • restriction on personal domain names
  • restriction of the use of the term "university" in .ie domain names

The Policy Advisory Committee convenes on an almost quarterly basis, in person, to discuss the various policy change proposals raised for consideration. Further engagement is facilitated by means of conference call and mailing list discussions in the interim periods between meetings, to ensure that discussions progress and maintain momentum.

Registration and Naming Policy[edit | edit source]

Those wishing to register .ie domains must show that the meet the registration requirements of the .ie namespace, which are detailed within the Registration and Naming Policy[5].

Specifically, future Registrants of .ie domain names must show that they have a substantive connection to the island of Ireland[6].

.ie Dispute Resolution Policy[edit | edit source]

Complaints regarding .ie domain names can be submitted to the .ie Dispute Resolution Policy, which is independently operated by the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO)[7]. IEDR implements the decisions made by the Administrative Panel appointed to review the complaint, subject to a 21-day stay on decision implementation (to allow for the submission of a legal challenge).

Awards & Recognition[edit | edit source]

On November 2009, IEDR received the 2009 Designed Awards from the Society of Chartered Accountants. The award was based on IEDR’s 2008 Annual Report and Review.[8] Furthermore, .ie has been ranked by 2009 McAfee Mapping the Mal Web Report as the safest domain name in Europe and the second safest domain name in the world following .jp.[9]

IEDR and ICANN[edit | edit source]

On June 9, 2010, IEDR CEO David Curtin filed an application to become member of ICANN ccNSO.[10]

References[edit | edit source]

Retrieved from "https://icannwiki.org/index.php?title=IE_Domain_Registry&oldid=1154818"