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'''.sd''' is the ccTLD for Sudan. It is managed by the [[Sudan Internet Society]] (SIS).<ref>[https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db/sd.html IANA: Delegation Record for .SD]</ref> | |||
== Delegation History == | |||
The .sd ccTLD registry was first delegated by the IANA in March 1997 to Mr. Ihab I. Osman of Sudan OnLine, Inc., Khartoum, as administrative and technical contact. | |||
Mr. Osman was initially able to establish a functional registry, but the combined pressures of Sudan's civil war, political instabilities, and international sanctions made its ongoing operation impossible. By mid-2001, the .sd registry was essentially dead, as no new zone files were being generated, and neither the primary nor secondary nameservers were responding to queries. | |||
In 2001, the IANA was contacted by several parties interested in pursuing redelegation of the .sd ccTLD registry. However, most of these parties were located outside Sudan, and, upon investigation, none appeared to have any meaningful support from the local Internet community, and none had the concurrence of the current delegated manager, Mr. Osman. | |||
In February 2002, the IANA was contacted by Mr. Yassir Hassan Elamin, President of Sudan Internet Society and an employee of Sudatel, the Sudan Telecom Company. Mr. Elamin had been working to develop a ccTLD management plan, and gathering local Internet community support, and the support of the Sudanese Government, for a broadly-supported redelegation with the consent of the existing manager. After a series of exchanges regarding IANA policies for redelegation, Mr. Elamin submitted to the IANA a preliminary request for redelegation on 20 March 2002. On 6 October 2002, a final version of the formal redelegation template was submitted to the IANA. On 20 December 2002, IANA published a report approving the redelegation of .sd to SIS.<ref>[https://www.iana.org/reports/2002/sd-report-20dec02.html IANA Report on Redelegation of the .sd Top-Level Domain]</ref> | |||
== Rules and Restrictions == | |||
The following actions might cause the domain names to be rejected: | |||
* contradicting public norms, values, conduct, religious teaching or religious figures within the community; | |||
* deceiving the general public; | |||
* joining infidel or illegal activities; | |||
* any practices against the interest of Sudan | |||
* being one of the government domain names; | |||
* being a name of a well known personality; | |||
* being a commercial trade sign, or a private sign owned by somebody (unless an advanced permission has been received from the previous owner).<ref name="rules">[https://www.domains.sd/sites/default/files/2022-03/SD%20Registry%20policies-english_0.pdf SIS: Domain name registration policy]</ref> | |||
=== Second-level Domains === | |||
The following second-level domains are available: ".com.sd", ".edu.sd", ".gov.sd", ".org.sd", ".net.sd", ".tv.sd" and ".info.sd".<ref name="rules"></ref> | |||
=== Characters === | |||
A domain name must consist of a minimum of 2 letters, and a maximum of 62. The allowed characters are the English letters (a-z), digits (0-9) and links like (-). Also, names must not include dashes in the third fourth position.<ref name="rules"></ref> | |||
== References == | |||
{{reflist}} | |||
Revision as of 00:05, 5 November 2024
.sd is the ccTLD for Sudan. It is managed by the Sudan Internet Society (SIS).[1]
Delegation History[edit | edit source]
The .sd ccTLD registry was first delegated by the IANA in March 1997 to Mr. Ihab I. Osman of Sudan OnLine, Inc., Khartoum, as administrative and technical contact.
Mr. Osman was initially able to establish a functional registry, but the combined pressures of Sudan's civil war, political instabilities, and international sanctions made its ongoing operation impossible. By mid-2001, the .sd registry was essentially dead, as no new zone files were being generated, and neither the primary nor secondary nameservers were responding to queries.
In 2001, the IANA was contacted by several parties interested in pursuing redelegation of the .sd ccTLD registry. However, most of these parties were located outside Sudan, and, upon investigation, none appeared to have any meaningful support from the local Internet community, and none had the concurrence of the current delegated manager, Mr. Osman.
In February 2002, the IANA was contacted by Mr. Yassir Hassan Elamin, President of Sudan Internet Society and an employee of Sudatel, the Sudan Telecom Company. Mr. Elamin had been working to develop a ccTLD management plan, and gathering local Internet community support, and the support of the Sudanese Government, for a broadly-supported redelegation with the consent of the existing manager. After a series of exchanges regarding IANA policies for redelegation, Mr. Elamin submitted to the IANA a preliminary request for redelegation on 20 March 2002. On 6 October 2002, a final version of the formal redelegation template was submitted to the IANA. On 20 December 2002, IANA published a report approving the redelegation of .sd to SIS.[2]
Rules and Restrictions[edit | edit source]
The following actions might cause the domain names to be rejected:
- contradicting public norms, values, conduct, religious teaching or religious figures within the community;
- deceiving the general public;
- joining infidel or illegal activities;
- any practices against the interest of Sudan
- being one of the government domain names;
- being a name of a well known personality;
- being a commercial trade sign, or a private sign owned by somebody (unless an advanced permission has been received from the previous owner).[3]
Second-level Domains[edit | edit source]
The following second-level domains are available: ".com.sd", ".edu.sd", ".gov.sd", ".org.sd", ".net.sd", ".tv.sd" and ".info.sd".[3]
Characters[edit | edit source]
A domain name must consist of a minimum of 2 letters, and a maximum of 62. The allowed characters are the English letters (a-z), digits (0-9) and links like (-). Also, names must not include dashes in the third fourth position.[3]