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| ==Processes== | | ==Processes== |
− | === DNS Abuse ===
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− | * [[Cybersquatting]] – attempting to profit by purchasing domain names made of marketable and trademark-related terms and later reselling or licensing those names back to the companies that developed the trademark
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− | * [[Phishing]] – the acquisition of personal and financial information through deceptive means such as fraudulent emails, copies of legitimate websites, brand spoofing, and carding.
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− | * [[Typosquatting]] – the intentional registration of misspellings of popular website addresses to garner traffic; aka URL hijacking.
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| ===Functioning of the Internet=== | | ===Functioning of the Internet=== |
| * [[IANA]] – managing the DNS root zone, the .int registry, and the .arpa zone; coordinating and allocating the global IP respectively AS number space to Regional Internet Registries; and providing the main repository for number registries and protocol names. | | * [[IANA]] – managing the DNS root zone, the .int registry, and the .arpa zone; coordinating and allocating the global IP respectively AS number space to Regional Internet Registries; and providing the main repository for number registries and protocol names. |
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| * [[Internet governance]] – the development of norms and principles relating to how the Internet functions by a group of stakeholders including governments, organizations, and commissions and the regulation and administration of those principals by the parties involved. | | * [[Internet governance]] – the development of norms and principles relating to how the Internet functions by a group of stakeholders including governments, organizations, and commissions and the regulation and administration of those principals by the parties involved. |
| * [[SRS]] – Ensuring a Shared Registry System means that an unlimited number of registrars may compete in the domain name registration business by using one shared registry. | | * [[SRS]] – Ensuring a Shared Registry System means that an unlimited number of registrars may compete in the domain name registration business by using one shared registry. |
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| ===Mechanisms=== | | ===Mechanisms=== |
| * [[ICANN Accountability|Accountability Mechanisms]] – the four tools with which to review and reconsider ICANN’s actions included in the ICANN Bylaws (Empowered Community, Reconsideration, Independent Review Process, and Ombudsman). | | * [[ICANN Accountability|Accountability Mechanisms]] – the four tools with which to review and reconsider ICANN’s actions included in the ICANN Bylaws (Empowered Community, Reconsideration, Independent Review Process, and Ombudsman). |
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| * [[UDRP]] – The Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy is a set of ICANN guidelines for resolving disputes over domain name registration. | | * [[UDRP]] – The Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy is a set of ICANN guidelines for resolving disputes over domain name registration. |
| * [[URS]] – The Uniform Rapid Suspension System provides trademark owners with a quick, low-cost process to take down websites that infringe on their intellectual property rights. | | * [[URS]] – The Uniform Rapid Suspension System provides trademark owners with a quick, low-cost process to take down websites that infringe on their intellectual property rights. |
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| ===Practices=== | | ===Practices=== |
| * [[Data Escrow]] – storing data with a neutral third party in case of registry or registrar failure, accreditation termination, or accreditation relapse without renewal. | | * [[Data Escrow]] – storing data with a neutral third party in case of registry or registrar failure, accreditation termination, or accreditation relapse without renewal. |
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| * [[Net Neutrality]] – determining the degree to which Internet Service Providers can selectively promote certain Internet content and applications to their customers, whether through Zero-Rating, paid prioritization, or other means. | | * [[Net Neutrality]] – determining the degree to which Internet Service Providers can selectively promote certain Internet content and applications to their customers, whether through Zero-Rating, paid prioritization, or other means. |
| * [[SEO]] – Search Engine Optimization is a process undertaken by webmasters to increase the number of visitors to a particular website by trying to move up its ranking on a search engine's search results page. | | * [[SEO]] – Search Engine Optimization is a process undertaken by webmasters to increase the number of visitors to a particular website by trying to move up its ranking on a search engine's search results page. |
| + | * [[Spam]] Sending unsolicited bulk emails, with substantively identical content, to recipients who have not granted permission for the message to be sent. |
| * [[Vertical Integration]] – A single body handling the Registry Operator and the Registrar. | | * [[Vertical Integration]] – A single body handling the Registry Operator and the Registrar. |
| + | ====DNS Abuse ==== |
| + | * [[Botnet Attacks]] – infecting Internet-connected computers with malware and commanding them to perform activities under the control of a remote administrator. |
| + | * [[Cybersquatting]] – attempting to profit by purchasing domain names made of marketable and trademark-related terms and later reselling or licensing those names back to the companies that developed the trademark |
| + | * [[DDoS Attack]] – flooding a victim site with incoming traffic that originates from many different sources, making it impossible to access the site or stop the attack by blocking a single source. |
| + | * [[DNS hijacking]] – redirecting victims to the attacker’s site instead of the one initially requested. |
| + | * [[DNS poisoning]] – causing a DNS resolver to respond with a false IP address bearing malicious code. |
| + | * [[Malware]] – installing malicious software, such as viruses, spyware, or ransomware, on a device without the user’s consent, to disrupt the device’s operations, gather sensitive information, or access private computer systems. |
| + | * [[Pharming]] – redirecting unknowing users to fraudulent sites or services through DNS hijacking or poisoning. |
| + | * [[Phishing]] – the acquisition of personal and financial information through deceptive means such as fraudulent emails, copies of legitimate websites, brand spoofing, and carding. |
| + | * [[Typosquatting]] – the intentional registration of misspellings of popular website addresses to garner traffic; aka URL hijacking. |
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| == Timeframes == | | == Timeframes == |