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|canonicalorganization=Arts & Metiers ParisTech

|canonicalorganization=Arts & Metiers ParisTech

|organization=Arts & Metiers ParisTech

|organization=Arts & Metiers ParisTech

|jobtitle=PhD Candidate

|jobtitle=Independent researcher

|gender=Male

|gender=Male

|region=Europe

|region=Europe

}}

}}

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'''Clément Genty''' is a French PhD Candidate at Arts & Metiers ParisTech in industrial engineering and lecturer at the University of Angers. His research focuses on the financial and extrafinancial valuation of [[Domain Name|domain names]]. Genty holds an engineering degree, and is particularly interested in the technical function of the domain name and its [[Domain Name Valuation|value]].  

'''Clément Genty''' is an independent French researcher at Arts & Metiers ParisTech in industrial engineering and lecturer at the University of Angers. His research focuses on the financial and extrafinancial valuation of [[Domain Name|domain names]]. Genty holds a PhD from Arts & Metiers ParisTech and an Engineering degree. He is particularly interested in the technical function of the domain name and its [[Domain Name Valuation|value]].  

At ICANN58, he suggested the creation of new [[TLD]] based on the unused .FX [[Country code top-level domain|ccTLD]] to create a trusted space<ref>http://schd.ws/hosted_files/icann58copenhagen2017/17/4.%20Clement%20Genty-F-ICANN58.pdf</ref>. During the Public Forum, he asked for a better understanding of the Domain Name System, citing his mother who doesn't understand anything. At the end of its answer, [[Göran Marby]], CEO of ICANN added "''Good luck with your mother and explaining it. My mother is 85 and she never figured out what I do or why''"<ref>https://schd.ws/hosted_files/icann58copenhagen2017/60/I58CPH_Thu16Mar2017-Public%20Forum%202-en.pdf</ref>.

At ICANN58, he suggested the creation of new [[TLD]] based on the unused .FX [[Country code top-level domain|ccTLD]] to create a trusted space<ref>http://schd.ws/hosted_files/icann58copenhagen2017/17/4.%20Clement%20Genty-F-ICANN58.pdf</ref>. During the Public Forum, he asked for a better understanding of the Domain Name System, citing his mother who doesn't understand anything. At the end of its answer, [[Göran Marby]], CEO of ICANN added "''Good luck with your mother and explaining it. My mother is 85 and she never figured out what I do or why''"<ref>https://schd.ws/hosted_files/icann58copenhagen2017/60/I58CPH_Thu16Mar2017-Public%20Forum%202-en.pdf</ref>.

At the French version of the ''Three Minutes Thesis'' competition, named ''My Thèse en 180 secondes'', he explained the [[Domaining|Domain Name Industry]] from the point of view of the ccTLD economy and suggested the creation of a [[New gTLD]], the .FRANCE to recreate trust over the [[Domain Name System]].

At the French version of the ''Three Minutes Thesis'' competition, named ''My Thèse en 180 secondes'', he explained the [[Domaining|Domain Name Industry]] from the point of view of the ccTLD economy and suggested the creation of a [[New gTLD]], the .FRANCE to recreate trust over the [[Domain Name System]].

== Undergraduate years ==

== Undergraduate years ==

After its ''baccalauréat'', Genty began its education by a ''BTS Domotique'', a technician certificate about home automation, data governance and telecommunications. For its results, he got a AFDET Honour Award<ref>http://afdet38.free.fr/Prix2008/diapo/slides/_DSC1141.html</ref>.

After its ''baccalauréat'', Genty began its education by a ''BTS Domotique'', a technician certificate about home automation, data governance and telecommunications. For its results, he got a AFDET Honour Award<ref>http://afdet38.free.fr/Prix2008/diapo/slides/_DSC1141.html</ref>.

= Graduate years =

== Graduate years ==

== Master of Science ==

=== Master of Science ===

Genty's first year in Master of Science in engineering at [http://www.polytech-angers.fr/en/index.html IstiA] in Angers leaded him to work in several factories including the French brand Louis Vuitton where he got once a remark about his personal life, displayed on the Internet. The HR made a mistake by thinking it was him while it was an homonym too talkative on the Internet. Genty registered its first and family name as trademark<ref> Trademark number 4052269</ref> and some domain names. Its passion for the importance of domain names began by this story.

Genty's first year in Master of Science in engineering at [http://www.polytech-angers.fr/en/index.html IstiA] in Angers leaded him to work in several factories including the French brand Louis Vuitton where he got once a remark about his personal life, displayed on the Internet. The HR made a mistake by thinking it was him while it was an homonym too talkative on the Internet. Genty registered its first and family name as trademark<ref> Trademark number 4052269</ref> and some domain names. Its passion for the importance of domain names began by this story.

Graduated in 2015 from Istia with an ''Engineering degree'', Genty began a doctoral thesis at Arts & Métiers ParisTech<ref>https://artsetmetiers.fr/en</ref> the following year.

Graduated in 2015 from Istia with an ''Engineering degree'', Genty began a doctoral thesis at Arts & Métiers ParisTech<ref>https://artsetmetiers.fr/en</ref> the following year.

=== History ===

 

==== History ====

Genty's thesis, funded by the French registrar [[Nameshield]] and by several grants, aimed to understand the mechanisms of domain name valuation. Initially presented as a purely economic study, his thesis mixed computer science, history and economics. Genty's research has made it possible to determine via different PCAs the parameters acting on the value of a name. The database used for semantic calculation was [[DNPrices|DNPRIC.ES]].

Genty's thesis, funded by the French registrar [[Nameshield]] and by several grants, aimed to understand the mechanisms of domain name valuation. Initially presented as a purely economic study, his thesis mixed computer science, history and economics. Genty's research has made it possible to determine via different PCAs the parameters acting on the value of a name. The database used for semantic calculation was [[DNPrices|DNPRIC.ES]].

=== Results ===

==== Results ====

In his thesis, Genty studied scientific publications, popular articles, commercial services including [https://www.estibot.com/ Estibot], [https://www.freevaluator.com/ Freevaluator], [http://www.domainappraisal.org/ Domain Appraisal], [https://domainindex.com/ Domainindex], [https://www.domraider.com/ Domraider], [https://www.siteprice.org/ Siteprice] [https://www.godaddy.com/domain-value-appraisal GoDaddy] and several patents, most of them filed by [[GoDaddy]].

In his thesis<ref>https://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-02193976</ref>, Genty studied scientific publications, popular articles, commercial services including [https://www.estibot.com/ Estibot], [https://www.freevaluator.com/ Freevaluator], [http://www.domainappraisal.org/ Domain Appraisal], [https://domainindex.com/ Domainindex], [https://www.domraider.com/ Domraider], [https://www.siteprice.org/ Siteprice] [https://www.godaddy.com/domain-value-appraisal GoDaddy] and several patents, most of them filed by [[GoDaddy]].

 

 

 

 

 

Genty compares these developments with [[vanity plates]], [[vanity numbers]] and [[Amateur radio call signs]].

After performing different PCAs, Genty highlighted the correlation effect of price with length, word count and domain name extension type. However, the prediction of value proved impossible, with a R² too low to be exploitable.

== Delegation of ccTLD ==

For Genty, the creation of [[Generic top-level domain|gTLD]]<nowiki/>s, combined with the creation of [[Country code top-level domain|ccTLD]]<nowiki/>s, has created a digital economy based on the volume of domain name registrations. Companies, as well as countries, when managing their ccTLDs, have preferred to develop a new source of profits rather than use their TLD to structure the national namespace. The examples, mostly Polynesian, point out that the low development of the Internet in the era of ccTLDs made it possible not to worry about the importance of this digital territory.

For Genty, the creation of [[Generic top-level domain|gTLD]]<nowiki/>s, combined with the creation of [[Country code top-level domain|ccTLD]]<nowiki/>s, has created a digital economy based on the volume of domain name registrations. Companies, as well as countries, when managing their ccTLDs, have preferred to develop a new source of profits rather than use their TLD to structure the national namespace. The examples, mostly Polynesian, point out that the low development of the Internet in the era of ccTLDs made it possible not to worry about the importance of this digital territory.

On the other hand, in France, Genty's country, ccTLD management is still not regulated, some ccTLDs are still not managed by France ([[.GP]], [[.gf|.GF]], [[.MQ]]), or not managed at all ([[.BL]], [[.CP]], [[.FX]], [[.mf|.MF]]).

On the other hand, in France, Genty's country, ccTLD management is still not regulated, some ccTLDs are still not managed by France ([[.GP]], [[.gf|.GF]], [[.MQ]]), or not managed at all ([[.BL]], [[.CP]], [[.FX]], [[.mf|.MF]]).

For Genty, the revamp of the namespace in the trusted zone must be done through a new TLD, either the .FX, reserved but not used, or the .FRANCE. The [[.fr|.FR]] ccTLD is now considered a commercial zone, as has the [[.com|.COM]] since its inception.

 

Genty is opposed to the tariff liberalisation of [[TLD]]s, proposing a framework, considering that the market and public knowledge are not ready for such fluctuations. He thus protested against<ref>https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/comments-org-renewal-18mar19/2019q1/000001.html</ref> the tariff evolution of the [[.ORG]], highlighting the absence of competitors (one registry per TLD) and against<ref>https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/comments-info-renewal-18mar19/2019q1/000000.html</ref> the evolution of the [[.INFO]], which he considers to be the first [[gTLD]] for the general public, wanted by the [[IAHC]] and the [[ICANN]]. He made similar comments for the [[.ASIA]]<ref>https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/comments-asia-renewal-27mar19/2019q2/000000.html</ref> and the [[.BIZ]]<ref>https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/comments-biz-renewal-03apr19/2019q2/000000.html</ref>.

 

 

Genty's research makes it possible to define on the example of medical questions, that the young people classify Internet sites according to their extensions, that in .GOUV.FR, the French equivalent of [[.gov|.GOV]], being the most credible. According to Genty, this observation legitimizes the creation of domain names made up of several subdomains.

Genty's research makes it possible to define on the example of medical questions, that the young people classify Internet sites according to their extensions, that in .GOUV.FR, the French equivalent of [[.gov|.GOV]], being the most credible.

For Genty, the revamp of the namespace in the trusted zone must be done through a new TLD, either the [[.FX]]<ref>https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01866348/document</ref>, reserved but not used, or the .FRANCE. The [[.fr|.FR]] ccTLD is now considered a commercial zone, as has the [[.com|.COM]] since its inception.

=== Nameshield (2014-2018) ===

== Knowledge of the Internet Governance ==

=== AmCham Tajikistan (2013) ===

=== AmCham Tajikistan (2013) ===

Worked as a Communication officer for the American Chamber of Commerce in Tajikistan<ref>http://www.amcham.tj/images/1Final-newsletter-AmCham.pdf</ref>. Exchanges with [http://www.nic.tj/contacts.html Information Technology Center], the [[.TJ]] domain [[registry]].

Worked as a Innovation officer for the American Chamber of Commerce in Tajikistan<ref>http://www.amcham.tj/images/1Final-newsletter-AmCham.pdf</ref>. Exchanges with [http://www.nic.tj/contacts.html Information Technology Center], the [[.TJ]] domain [[registry]].

 

==ICANN and Internet Governance Participation==

=== ICANN meetings ===

* [[ICANN 58]] in Copenhagen is Clement's first [[ICANN]] Meeting, which he attended as part of the [[NextGen@ICANN|NextGen]] Program<ref>https://www.icann.org/news/announcement-2016-12-02-en</ref>

* [[ICANN 58]] in Copenhagen is Clement's first [[ICANN]] Meeting, which he attended as part of the [[NextGen@ICANN|NextGen]] Program<ref>https://www.icann.org/news/announcement-2016-12-02-en</ref>

* [[AFNIC]] member as an individual user<ref>https://www.afnic.fr/en/about-afnic/presentation/members/individual-user-members-3.html

</ref>  

 

 

 

* [[AFNIC]] member as an individual user (student)<ref>https://www.afnic.fr/en/about-afnic/presentation/members/individual-user-members-3.html</ref>  

* [[EURALO]] member as an individual user<ref>http://individualusers.org/our-members-community/</ref>

* [[EURALO]] member as an individual user<ref>http://individualusers.org/our-members-community/</ref>

* Fellow 2017 of [[Euro-SSIG|Eurossig]] <ref>https://eurossig.eu/eurossig/summer-school-impressions/pictures-and-archives/2017-edition/fellows/clement-genty/</ref>

 

=== Application to the ICANN Board of Directors ===

* [[ICANN 62]] in Panama City as a NextGen Ambassador<ref>https://www.icann.org/news/announcement-2018-04-06-en</ref>

In 2019, Genty applied to Nomcom to become a member of the ICANN Board of Directors. For him, ICANN's three challenges are as follows:<blockquote>''The first is geopolitical. I think that Chinese and Russian decisions are problematic and that it is important to create a reflection around the organisation of a summit for a single Internet. The same applies to communication between peoples.'' </blockquote><blockquote>''The second is the general public. As long as the Internet is working, everything is fine.  However, it seems important to communicate to the general public about Internet governance. As a member of the Board of Directors, I will seek to establish research  laboratories in different countries, at least one per continent. Hence my willingness to communicate with my profile as a young researcher.''</blockquote><blockquote>''The third and last is economic. ICANN's economy is linked to domain name registrations. The 2012 opening has resulted in nearly fifty abandoned TLD and it is important that ICANN be at the side of the registries to improve the technological capabilities of these new extensions and at the side of communicators and agencies to improve knowledge on these new extensions and avoid new cases of badbuzz, such as BLOOMBERG.MARKET.''</blockquote>Supported by several registries and researchers, Genty was not selected.

==Education==

==Education==

* PhD Candidate in industrial Engineering at Arts & Metiers ParisTech<ref>http://lampa.ensam.eu/doctorants-pi-133073.kjsp</ref><ref>http://www.theses.fr/en/s150263</ref>

* PhD in industrial Engineering at Arts & Metiers ParisTech<ref>http://lampa.ensam.eu/doctorants-pi-133073.kjsp</ref><ref>http://www.theses.fr/s154607</ref><ref>https://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-02193976</ref>

* Listener of the first International Session of Security-Justice, organised by the INHESJ at the EHESP<ref>https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/affichTexte.do;jsessionid=80CA0E6E872116B6616DE75D72DE3FBE.tplgfr35s_3?cidTexte=JORFTEXT000036758008&dateTexte=&oldAction=rechJO&categorieLien=id&idJO=JORFCONT000036757756</ref>

* Listener of the first International Session of Security-Justice, organised by the INHESJ at the EHESP<ref>https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/affichTexte.do;jsessionid=80CA0E6E872116B6616DE75D72DE3FBE.tplgfr35s_3?cidTexte=JORFTEXT000036758008&dateTexte=&oldAction=rechJO&categorieLien=id&idJO=JORFCONT000036757756</ref>

* Engineer Degree in industrial Engineering at IstiA Innovation

* Engineer Degree in industrial Engineering at IstiA Innovation

==Publications==

==Publications==

Clement Genty is the author and co-author of several publications:

Clement Genty is the author and co-author of several publications:

* Trust on the Internet: how the French ccTLD .FR went from a remarkable to a speculative system<ref>https://www.thinkmind.org/index.php?view=article&articleid=internet_2017_2_20_40010</ref> - Best Paper Award<ref name=":0">https://www.iaria.org/conferences2017/AwardsINTERNET17.html</ref>  

* Trust on the Internet: how the French ccTLD .FR went from a remarkable to a speculative system<ref>https://www.thinkmind.org/index.php?view=article&articleid=internet_2017_2_20_40010</ref> - Best Paper Award<ref name=":0">https://www.iaria.org/conferences2017/AwardsINTERNET17.html</ref>  

* ''Représentation sur Internet : comment adopter une stratégie de dépot de noms de domaine coherente avec la réalité du marché. Suivi des évolutions d’usage des réseaux sociaux et des moteurs de recherche''. Representation on the Internet: how to adopt a domain name registration strategy consistent with the reality of the market. Tracking changes of the use of social networks and search engines  

* ''Représentation sur Internet : comment adopter une stratégie de dépot de noms de domaine coherente avec la réalité du marché. Suivi des évolutions d’usage des réseaux sociaux et des moteurs de recherche''. Representation on the Internet: how to adopt a domain name registration strategy consistent with the reality of the market. Tracking changes of the use of social networks and search engines  

==Awards==

==Awards==

* IDEX-INT HESAM Université Grant - Field research in Cote d'Ivoire to see the management of the [[.ci|.CI]] [[Country code top-level domain|ccTLD]] <ref>http://www.hesam.eu/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/180228_CP_8LaureatsHFA.pdf</ref><ref>http://www.hesam.eu/blog/le-jury-du-programme-idex-int-dhesam-universite-accorde-8-bourses-de-mobilite-sortante-vers-la-cote-divoire/</ref>

* IDEX-INT HESAM Université Grant - Field research in Cote d'Ivoire to see the management of the [[.ci|.CI]] [[Country code top-level domain|ccTLD]] <ref>http://www.hesam.eu/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/180228_CP_8LaureatsHFA.pdf</ref><ref>http://www.hesam.eu/blog/le-jury-du-programme-idex-int-dhesam-universite-accorde-8-bourses-de-mobilite-sortante-vers-la-cote-divoire/</ref>

* Community Regional Outreach Pilot Program ([[EuroDIG]] 2018)

* Community Regional Outreach Pilot Program ([[EuroDIG]] 2018)<ref>https://community.icann.org/download/attachments/93128097/EURALO%20Annual%20Report%202017%20-%202018.pdf</ref>

* NextGen Ambassador Program ([[ICANN 62]])

* NextGen Ambassador Program ([[ICANN 62]])

* [[NextGen at ICANN|NextGen]] Program ([[ICANN 58]])

* [[NextGen at ICANN|NextGen]] Program ([[ICANN 58]])

* Best Paper Award<ref name=":0" />

* Best Paper Award<ref name=":0" />

* Debayle Grant

* Debayle Grant

* CIFRE grant

* CIFRE Grant

== References ==

== References ==