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~~{{Glossary|~~

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A '''Country Code Top-Level Domain''' ('''ccTLD''') is a two-letter Internet top-level domains ([[TLD]]s) specifically designated for a particular country, sovereign state or autonomous territory for use to service their community. ccTLDs are derived from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_3166-1_alpha-2 ISO 3166-1 alpha-2] country codes.<ref>[http://www.icann.org/en/cctlds/ ICANN ccTLDs]</ref>

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|note = This article is neutral, but is [[Sponsorship|sponsored]] by [[.CO Internet S.A.S.]],<br/> the registry operator for the [[.co]] open ccTLD.<br/>You can read more about them [http://www.cointernet.co/ here].

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~~|logo = .co_Internet_logo.png~~

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~~|link = http://icannwiki.com/index.php/.CO_Internet_S.~~A~~.S.~~

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~~|bronzesponsor = ICANNWiki [[Sponsorship|Bronze Sponsor]]~~

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}}

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'''Country Code Top-Level ~~Domains~~''' ('''~~ccTLDs~~''') ~~are~~ two-letter Internet top-level domains ([[TLD]]s) specifically designated for a particular country, sovereign state or autonomous territory for use to service their community. ccTLDs are derived from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_3166-1_alpha-2 ISO 3166-1 alpha-2] country codes.<ref>[http://www.icann.org/en/cctlds/ ICANN ccTLDs]</ref>

==Implementation==

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The implementation of ccTLDs was started by [[IANA]]. The delegation and creation of ccTLDs is presented within RFC ~~1951~~. In order to determine whether new ccTLDs should be added or not, the IANA follows the provisions of ISO 3166 - Maintenance Agency. More information related to the development of new ccTLDs can be found in [http://www.iana.org/procedures/cctld-establishment.html IANA's Procedures for Establishing ccTLDs]. <ref>[http://www.iana.org/domains/root/cctld/ IANA ccTLD]</ref>

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The implementation of ccTLDs was started by [[IANA]] which is not a physical organization or an individual but it is part of [[ICANN]].<ref>[https://www.nominus.com/en/dm/blog/country-domains/january-2022/what-are-country-code-top-level-domains-and-why-do-they-matter Who created ccTLDs?]</ref> The delegation and creation of ccTLDs is presented within [https://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1591.txt RFC 1591]. In order to determine whether new ccTLDs should be added or not, the IANA follows the provisions of ISO 3166 - Maintenance Agency. More information related to the development of new ccTLDs can be found in [http://www.iana.org/procedures/cctld-establishment.html IANA's Procedures for Establishing ccTLDs]. <ref>[http://www.iana.org/domains/root/cctld/ IANA ccTLD]</ref>

===IANA's Procedures for ccTLDs===

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==Delegation and Redelegation==

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The process through which the designated manager, or managers, is changed is ~~know~~ as ''redelegation''. The ~~process~~ follows the provisions of ICP-1 and RFC 1591. [[IANA]] receives all requests of a sponsoring organization related to delegation and redelegation for the ccTLDs. The requests are then analyzed by [[IANA]] based on various technical and public criterion, and finally sent to the [[ICANN Board|ICANN Board of Directors]] for approval or refusal. If approved, IANA is also responsible for the implementation of the request.<ref name="guide">[http://www.iana.org/domains/root/delegation-guide/ Delegation and Redelegation Guide]</ref>

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The process through which the designated manager, or managers, is changed is known as ''redelegation''. The latter follows the provisions of ICP-1 and RFC 1591. [[IANA]] receives all requests of a sponsoring organization related to delegation and redelegation for the ccTLDs. The requests are then analyzed by [[IANA]] based on various technical and public criterion, and finally sent to the [[ICANN Board|ICANN Board of Directors]] for approval or refusal. If approved, IANA is also responsible for the implementation of the request.<ref name="guide">[http://www.iana.org/domains/root/delegation-guide/ Delegation and Redelegation Guide]</ref>

Conceptually speaking, the delegation and redelegation processes are simple, but can easily become complex if there are many organizations and individuals involved in the process. There is a set of steps that must be followed before sending the request for delegation or redelegation. An initial request should be developed based on ''The Change Request Template'' and supplementary information to prove that the eligibility criteria has been met by the initial request. All the information supplied is used by IANA to fortify the request received.<ref name="guide">[http://www.iana.org/domains/root/delegation-guide/ Delegation and Redelegation Guide]</ref>

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The policies developed by [[ICANN]] are implemented by [[gTLD]] [[registry]] operators, ccTLD managers, root-nameserver operators and regional Internet registries. One of the main activities of [[ICANN]] is to work with other organizations involved in the technical coordination of the Internet with the purpose of formally documenting their participatory role within the [[ICANN]] process. These organizations are committed to the [[ICANN]] policies that result from their work.

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Starting in 2000, [[ICANN]] started cooperating with ccTLD managers to document their relationship. Due to various circumstances such as: the type of organization, cultural issues, economics, the legal environment, etc., the relationships between [[ICANN]] and ccTLD mangers are often complex. Another consideration is the role of the national government in "managing or establishing policy for their own ccTLD" (role recognized in the June 1998, U.S. Government [[White Paper]]).<ref>[~~http~~://www.icann.org/en/~~cctlds~~/ ICANN ~~ccTLDs~~]</ref>

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Starting in 2000, [[ICANN]] started cooperating with ccTLD managers to document their relationship. Due to various circumstances such as the type of organization, cultural issues, economics, the legal environment, etc., the relationships between [[ICANN]] and ccTLD mangers are often complex. Another consideration is the role of the national government in "managing or establishing policy for their own ccTLD" (role recognized in the June 1998, U.S. Government [[White Paper]]).<ref>[https://www.icann.org/resources/unthemed-pages/white-paper-2012-02-25-en White Paper, 2/25/2012, ICANN Resources]</ref>

In 2009, [[ICANN]] began the implementation of an [[IDN]] ccTLD Fast Track Process,<ref>[http://www.idnnews.com/?p=9433 IDN News]</ref> whereby countries that use non-Latin script are able to claim ccTLDs in their native script and the corresponding Latin version. As of early 2011, 33 requests have been received, representing 22 languages.<ref>[http://www.icann.org/en/topics/idn/fast-track/ ICANN]</ref> More than half have already been approved.<ref>[http://www.ausregistry.com/blog/?p=342 AUSRegistry]</ref>

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==Pseudo-ccTLD==

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A pseudo-ccTLD mimics an official country code domain without formal recognition, often used for branding or to suggest geographical affiliation.

==Open ccTLDs==

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An '''open ccTLD''' refers to a country code top level domain name that can be registered by anyone, regardless of which country the person resides in. These ccTLDs generally represent a particular branding aside from the name of the country or territory it represents. Examples include [[.cc]] (Cocos Island) for consulting companies, [[.tv]] (Tuvalu) for television, [[.ws]] (Western Samoa) for websites, and [[.co]] (Colombia) as an alternative to [[.com]] for companies.<ref>[http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/archived_content/people/edelman/open-cctlds/ Registrations in Open ccTLDs]</ref>

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''Related Article - [[Open Use ccTLD]]''<br>

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An '''open ccTLD''' refers to a country code top level domain name that can be registered by anyone, regardless of which country the person resides in. These ccTLDs generally represent a particular branding opportunity aside from the name of the country or territory it represents. Examples include [[.cc]] (Cocos Island) for consulting companies, [[.tv]] (Tuvalu) for television, [[.ws]] (Western Samoa) for websites, and [[.co]] (Colombia) as an alternative to [[.com]] for companies.<ref>[http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/archived_content/people/edelman/open-cctlds/ Registrations in Open ccTLDs]</ref>

===.cc and .tv===

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[[Verisign]] is the registry operator of both .cc and .tv open ccTLDs. [[eNIC]], a subsidiary company of Verisign, manages the operation and marketing of .cc. The company promotes the ccTLD as a good alternative for the .com and .net domain name spaces. The target users for the .cc include entities that ~~who~~ want to develop ~~website~~ representing a Chinese company, country club, consulting company, chat community, church community, community center, chamber of commerce, or community college.<ref>[http://www.verisigninc.com/en_US/products-and-services/domain-name-services/registry-services/cc-domain-names/index.xhtml .CC Domain Names - Unique Names for Niche Markets]</ref>

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[[Verisign]] is the registry operator of both .cc and .tv open ccTLDs. [[eNIC]], a subsidiary company of Verisign, manages the operation and marketing of .cc. The company promotes the ccTLD as a good alternative for the .com and .net domain name spaces. The target users for the .cc include entities that, for example, want to develop websites representing a Chinese company, country club, consulting company, chat community, church community, community center, chamber of commerce, or community college.<ref>[http://www.verisigninc.com/en_US/products-and-services/domain-name-services/registry-services/cc-domain-names/index.xhtml .CC Domain Names - Unique Names for Niche Markets]</ref>

[[TodayISP.com]], one of the registrars offering .cc, describes the ccTLD as a new international domain name having the same features of the [[.com]] and [[.net]], as it is understood by users as an acronym for commercial company, it offers potential business value, and is becoming the latest fashion in domain names, making its value increase.<ref>[http://www.todayisp.com/domain/intro_cc.net What Is .CC Domain?]</ref>

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<tr><td>[[.ae]]</td><td>United Arab Emirates</td><td>[[UAEnic]]</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.af]]</td><td>Afghanistan</td><td>[[AfgNIC]]</td><td></td>

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<tr><td>[[.ag]]</td><td>Antigua and Barbuda</td><td>[[~~UHSA School of Medicine~~]]</td><td></td>

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<tr><td>[[.ag]]</td><td>Antigua and Barbuda</td><td>[[Nic AG]]</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.ai]]</td><td>Anguilla</td><td>[[Government of Anguilla]]</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.al]]</td><td>Albania</td><td>Albania Electronic and Postal Communications Authority ([[AKEP]])</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.am]]</td><td>Armenia</td><td>[[ISOC.AM]] (Armenian Branch of [[ISOC]])</td><td></td>

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<tr><td>[[.an]]</td><td>Antilles (Netherlands)</td><td>[[University of the Netherlands - Antilles]]</td><td>Being phased out</td>

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<tr><td>[[.an]]</td><td>Antilles (Netherlands)</td><td>[[University of the Netherlands Antilles]]</td><td>Being phased out</td>

<tr><td>[[.ao]]</td><td>Angola</td><td>[[Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade Agostinho Neto]]</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.aq]]</td><td>Antarctica</td><td>[[Mott and Associates]]</td><td>Available to government organizations who are signatories to the Antarctic Treaty, and other registrants with a local physical presence.</td>

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<tr><td>[[.au]]</td><td>Australia</td><td>[[auDA]]</td><td>ABN (Australian Business Number) required</td>

<tr><td>[[.aw]]</td><td>Aruba</td><td>[[SETAR]]</td><td>Restricted to local companies, organizations, and citizens</td>

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<tr><td>[[.ax]]</td><td>Aland Islands</td><td>[[Ålands ~~landskapsregering~~]]</td><td></td>

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<tr><td>[[.ax]]</td><td>Aland Islands</td><td>[[Ålands Landskapsregeringen]]</td><td></td>

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<tr><td>[[.az]]</td><td>Azerbaijan</td><td>[[~~IntraDNS~~]]</td><td></td>

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<tr><td>[[.az]]</td><td>Azerbaijan</td><td>[[IntraNS]]</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.ba]]</td><td>Bosnia and Herzegovina</td><td>[[UTIC]]</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.bb]]</td><td>Barbados</td><td>[[Government of Barbados Ministry of Economic Affairs and Development Telecommunications Unit]]</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.bd]]</td><td>Bangladesh</td><td>[[Ministry of Post & Telecommunications Bangladesh Secretariat]]</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.be]]</td><td>Belgium</td><td>[[DNS Belgium]]</td><td>Also unofficially used in Berne, Switzerland</td>

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<tr><td>[[.bf]]</td><td>Burkina Faso</td><td>[[~~ARCE~~]]</td><td></td>

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<tr><td>[[.bf]]</td><td>Burkina Faso</td><td>[[ARCEP]]</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.bg]]</td><td>Bulgaria</td><td>[[Register.BG]]</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.bh]]</td><td>Bahrain</td><td>[[BATELCO]]</td><td></td>

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<tr><td>[[.bi]]</td><td>Burundi</td><td>[[~~Centre~~ National ~~de l'Informatique~~]]</td><td></td>

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<tr><td>[[.bi]]</td><td>Burundi</td><td>[[Burundi National Center of Information Technology]]</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.bj]]</td><td>Benin</td><td>[[Offices des Postes et Telecommunications]]</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.bl]]</td><td>Saint Barthelemy</td><td>Unassigned</td><td>Currently not in [[Root Zone|root zone]]</td>

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<tr><td>[[.bt]]</td><td>Bhutan</td><td>[[Ministry of Information and Communications]]</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.bv]]</td><td>Bouvet Island</td><td>[[UNINETT Norid AS]]</td><td>Not in use</td>

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<tr><td>[[.bw]]</td><td>Botswana</td><td>[[~~University of~~ Botswana]]</td><td></td>

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<tr><td>[[.bw]]</td><td>Botswana</td><td>[[Botswana Telecommunications Corporation]]</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.by]]</td><td>Belarus</td><td>[[Open Contact Ltd.]]</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.bz]]</td><td>Belize</td><td>[[University of Belize]]</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.ca]]</td><td>Canada</td><td>[[CIRA]]</td><td>Subject to Canadian Presence Requirements</td>

<tr><td>[[.cc]]</td><td>Cocos (Keeling) Islands</td><td>[[eNIC Cocos Islands Pty. Ltd.]]</td><td>Second level domains used in free, public domain service</td>

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<tr><td>[[.cd]]</td><td>Democratic Republic of the Congo</td><td>[[~~OCPT~~]]</td><td></td>

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<tr><td>[[.cd]]</td><td>Democratic Republic of the Congo</td><td>[[CDNIC]]</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.cf]]</td><td>Central African Republic</td><td>[[Dot CF]]</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.cg]]</td><td>Republic of Congo</td><td>[[ONPT Congo]] and [[Interpoint Switzerland]]</td><td></td>

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<tr><td>[[.dm]]</td><td>Dominica</td><td>[[DotDM Corporation]]</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.do]]</td><td>Dominican Republic</td><td>[[Pontificia Universidad Catolica Madre y Maestra Recinto Santo Tomas de Aquino]]</td><td></td>

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<tr><td>[[.dz]]</td><td>Algeria</td><td>[[~~CERIST~~]]</td><td></td>

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<tr><td>[[.dz]]</td><td>Algeria</td><td>[[NIC.dz]]</td><td></td>

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<tr><td>[[.ec]]</td><td>Ecuador</td><td>[~~[NIC~~.~~EC]~~]</td><td></td>

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<tr><td>[[.ec]]</td><td>Ecuador</td><td>[https://nic.ec ECUADORDOMAIN S.A.]</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.ee]]</td><td>Estonia</td><td>[[Estonian Internet Foundation]]</td><td>Estonian postal address required for administrative contact</td>

<tr><td>[[.eg]]</td><td>Egypt</td><td>[[EUN Supreme Council of Universities]]</td><td></td>

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<tr><td>[[.et]]</td><td>Ethiopia</td><td>[[Ethiopian Telecommunications Corporation]]</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.eu]]</td><td>European Union</td><td>[[EURid]]</td><td>Restricted to institutions, companies, and individuals within the European Union</td>

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<tr><td>[[.fi]]</td><td>Finland</td><td>[[FICORA]]</td><td>~~Limited~~ to ~~Finnish companies and citizens, abroad or domestic~~</td>

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<tr><td>[[.fi]]</td><td>Finland</td><td>[[FICORA]]</td><td>Registration is available to everyone all around the world</td>

<tr><td>[[.fj]]</td><td>Fiji</td><td>[[The University of the South Pacific IT Services]]</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.fk]]</td><td>Falkland Islands (Malvinas)</td><td>[[Falkland Islands Government]]</td><td></td>

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<tr><td>[[.gf]]</td><td>French Guiana</td><td>[[Net Plus]]</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.gg]]</td><td>Guernsey</td><td>[[Island Networks]]</td><td></td>

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<tr><td>[[.gh]]</td><td>Ghana</td><td>[[Network Computer Systems ~~Ltd.~~]]</td><td></td>

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<tr><td>[[.gh]]</td><td>Ghana</td><td>[[Network Computer Systems]]</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.gi]]</td><td>Gibraltar</td><td>[[Sapphire Networks]]</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.gl]]</td><td>Greenland</td><td>[[TELE Greenland AS]]</td><td></td>

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<tr><td>[[.gp]]</td><td>Guadeloupe</td><td>[[Networking Technologies Group]]</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.gq]]</td><td>Equatorial Guinea</td><td>[[GETESA]]</td><td></td>

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<tr><td>[[.gr]]</td><td>Greece</td><td>[[~~ICS~~-~~FORTH GR~~]]</td><td></td>

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<tr><td>[[.gr]]</td><td>Greece</td><td>[[GR-Hostmaster]]</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.gs]]</td><td>South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands</td><td>[[GSGSSI]]</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.gt]]</td><td>Guatemala</td><td>[[Universidad del Valle de Guatemala]]</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.gu]]</td><td>Guam</td><td>[[University of Guam Computer Center]]</td><td></td>

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<tr><td>[[.gw]]</td><td>Guinea-Bissau</td><td>[[~~Fundação IT]] and [[MEDIA Universidade de Bissao~~]]</td><td></td>

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<tr><td>[[.gw]]</td><td>Guinea-Bissau</td><td>[[ARN]]</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.gy]]</td><td>Guyana</td><td>[[University of Guyana]]</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.hk]]</td><td>Hong Kong</td><td>[[HKIRC|Hong Kong Internet Registration Corporation Ltd.]]</td><td></td>

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<tr><td>[[.hu]]</td><td>Hungary</td><td>[[CHIP]]</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.id]]</td><td>Indonesia</td><td>[[IDNIC]]-[[PPAU Mikroelektronika]]</td><td></td>

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<tr><td>[[.ie]]</td><td>Ireland</td><td>[[~~University College Dublin Computing Services~~]]</td><td>Limited to Irish citizens, Ireland-registered brands and companies, and companies doing business in Ireland</td>

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<tr><td>[[.ie]]</td><td>Ireland</td><td>[[IEDR|IE Domain Registry Limited]]</td><td>Limited to Irish citizens, Ireland-registered brands and companies, and companies doing business in Ireland</td>

<tr><td>[[.il]]</td><td>Israel</td><td>[[ISOC-IL]] (Israeli Branch of [[ISOC]])</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.im]]</td><td>Isle of Man</td><td>[[Isle of Man Government]]</td><td></td>

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<tr><td>[[.io]]</td><td>British Indian Ocean Territory</td><td>[[IO Top Level Domain Registry Cable and Wireless]]</td><td></td>

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<tr><td>[[.ir]]</td><td>Islamic Republic of Iran</td><td>[[~~Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences~~]]</td><td></td>

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<tr><td>[[.ir]]</td><td>Islamic Republic of Iran</td><td>[[IRNIC]]</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.is]]</td><td>Iceland</td><td>[[ISNIC]]</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.it]]</td><td>Italy</td><td>[[IIT - CNR]]</td><td>Restricted to companies and individuals within the EU</td>

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<tr><td>[[.jo]]</td><td>Jordan</td><td>[[NITC]]</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.jp]]</td><td>Japan</td><td>[[Japan Registry Services]]</td><td>Physical address within Japan required</td>

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<tr><td>[[.ke]]</td><td>Kenya</td><td>[[~~KeNIC~~]]</td><td></td>

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<tr><td>[[.ke]]</td><td>Kenya</td><td>[[KENIC]]</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.kg]]</td><td>Kyrgyzstan</td><td>[[AsiaInfo Telecommunications Enterprise]]</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.kh]]</td><td>Cambodia</td><td>[[Cambodia Ministry of Post and Telecommunications]]</td><td></td>

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<tr><td>[[.kn]]</td><td>Saint Kitts and Nevis</td><td>[[Ministry of Finance, Sustainable Development Information & Technology]]</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.kp]]</td><td>Democratic People's Republic of Korea</td><td>[[Star Joint Venture Company]]</td><td></td>

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<tr><td>[[.kp]]</td><td>Republic of Korea</td><td>[[KISA]]</td><td></td>

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<tr><td>[[.kr]]</td><td>Republic of Korea</td><td>[[KISA]]</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.kw]]</td><td>Kuwait</td><td>[[Ministry of Communications]]</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.ky]]</td><td>Caymen Islands</td><td>[[The Information and Communication Authority]]</td><td>Restricted to qualified Cayman entities</td>

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<tr><td>[[.lr]]</td><td>Liberia</td><td>[[Data Technology Solutions, Inc.]]</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.ls]]</td><td>Lesotho</td><td>[[National University of Lesotho]]</td><td></td>

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<tr><td>[[.lt]]</td><td>Lithuania</td><td>[[~~Kaunas University of Technology Information Technology Development Institute~~]]</td><td></td>

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<tr><td>[[.lt]]</td><td>Lithuania</td><td>[[Domreg]]</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.lu]]</td><td>Luxembourg</td><td>[[RESTENA]]</td><td></td>

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<tr><td>[[.lv]]</td><td>Latvia</td><td>[[~~Institute of Mathematics and Computer Science Department of Network Solutions~~]]</td><td></td>

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<tr><td>[[.lv]]</td><td>Latvia</td><td>[[NIC.LV]]</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.ly]]</td><td>Libya</td><td>[[General Post and Telecommunications Company]]</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.ma]]</td><td>Morocco</td><td>[[ANRT]]</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.mc]]</td><td>Monaco</td><td>[[Gouvernement de Monaco Direction des Communications Electroniques]]</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.md]]</td><td>Republic of Moldova</td><td>[[MoldData]]</td><td>Marketed to medical professionals worldwide</td>

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<tr><td>[[.me]]</td><td>Montenegro</td><td>[[~~Government of Montenegro~~]]</td><td></td>

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<tr><td>[[.me]]</td><td>Montenegro</td><td>[[doMEn]]</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.mf]]</td><td>Saint Martin</td><td>Unassigned</td><td>Currently not in root zone</td>

<tr><td>[[.mg]]</td><td>Madagascar</td><td>[[NIC-MG]]</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.mh]]</td><td>Marshall Islands</td><td>[[Cabinet Office]]</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.mk]]</td><td>Macedonia</td><td>[[Ministry of Foreign Relations]]</td><td>Restricted to companies within Macedonia</td>

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<tr><td>[[.ml]]</td><td>Mali</td><td>[[~~SOTELMA~~]]</td><td></td>

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<tr><td>[[.ml]]</td><td>Mali</td><td>[[Sotelma]]</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.mm]]</td><td>Myanmar</td><td>[[Ministry of Communications, Posts & Telegraphs]]</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.mn]]</td><td>Mongolia</td><td>[[Datacom Co., Ltd.]]</td><td></td>

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<tr><td>[[.ms]]</td><td>Montserrat</td><td>[[MNI Networks Ltd.]]</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.mt]]</td><td>Malta</td><td>[[NIC Malta]]</td><td></td>

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<tr><td>[[.mu]]</td><td>Mauritius</td><td>[[~~Internet Direct Ltd~~]]</td><td></td>

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<tr><td>[[.mu]]</td><td>Mauritius</td><td>[[Mauritius Network Information Centre]]</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.mv]]</td><td>Maldives</td><td>[[DHIVEHINET]]</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.mw]]</td><td>Malawi</td><td>[[Malawi SDNP]]</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.mx]]</td><td>Mexico</td><td>[[NIC Mexico]]</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.my]]</td><td>Malaysia</td><td>[[MYNIC]]</td><td>Restricted to individuals and companies within Malaysia</td>

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<tr><td>[[.mz]]</td><td>Mozambique</td><td>[[Centro de Informatica de Universidade Eduardo Mondlane]]</td><td></td>

+

<tr><td>[[.na]]</td><td>Namibia</td><td>[[Namibian Network Information Centre]]</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.nc]]</td><td>New Caledonia</td><td>[[Office des Postes et Telecommunications]]</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.ne]]</td><td>Niger</td><td>[[SONITEL]]</td><td></td>

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<tr><td>[[.ng]]</td><td>Nigeria</td><td>[[NiRA]]</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.ni]]</td><td>Nicaragua</td><td>[[Universidad Nacional del Ingernieria Centro de Computo]]</td><td></td>

−

<tr><td>[[.nl]]</td><td>Netherlands</td><td>[[Stichting Internet Domeinregistratie Nederland]]</td><td>Was the first official ccTLD to be assigned</td>

+

<tr><td>[[.nl]]</td><td>Netherlands</td><td>[[SIDN|Stichting Internet Domeinregistratie Nederland (SIDN)]]</td><td>Was the first official ccTLD to be assigned</td>

<tr><td>[[.no]]</td><td>Norway</td><td>[[UNINETT Norid AS]]</td><td>Restricted to companies in Norway. Individuals may register under the [[SLD]] .priv.no.</td>

<tr><td>[[.np]]</td><td>Nepal</td><td>[[Mercantile Communications]]</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.nr]]</td><td>Nauru</td><td>[[CENPAC NET]]</td><td>Second level domain .co.nr is used as a free domain service</td>

−

<tr><td>[[.nu]]</td><td>Niue</td><td>[[~~The IUSN Foundation~~]]</td><td>Unofficially used as "new" for English language websites and "now" for Danish, Dutch, and Swedish websites.</td>

+

<tr><td>[[.nu]]</td><td>Niue</td><td>[[Internetstiftelsen i Sverige]]</td><td>Unofficially used as "new" for English language websites and "now" for Danish, Dutch, and Swedish websites.</td>

<tr><td>[[.nz]]</td><td>New Zealand</td><td>[[InternetNZ]]</td><td></td>

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<tr><td>[[.ph]]</td><td>Philippines</td><td>[[PH Domain Foundation]]</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.pk]]</td><td>Pakistan</td><td>[[PKNIC]]</td><td></td>

−

<tr><td>[[.pl]]</td><td>Poland</td><td>[[~~Research and Academic Computer Network~~]]</td><td></td>

+

<tr><td>[[.pl]]</td><td>Poland</td><td>[[NASK]]</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.pm]]</td><td>Saint Pierre and Miquelon</td><td>[[AFNIC]]</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.pn]]</td><td>Pitcairn</td><td>[[Pitcairn Island Administration]]</td><td></td>

−

<tr><td>[[.pr]]</td><td>Puerto Rico</td><td>[[Gauss Research Laboratory]]</td><td></td>

+

<tr><td>[[.pr]]</td><td>Puerto Rico</td><td>[[Gauss Research Laboratory Inc|Gauss Research Laboratory Inc (GRL-INC)]]</td><td></td>

−

<tr><td>[[.ps]]</td><td>Palestine</td><td>[[~~Ministry of Telecommunications & IT~~]]</td><td></td>

+

<tr><td>[[.ps]]</td><td>Palestine</td><td>[[PNINA|Palestinian National Internet Naming Authority (PNINA)]]</td><td></td>

−

<tr><td>[[.pt]]</td><td>Portugal</td><td>[[~~Associação~~ DNS.PT]]</td><td></td>

+

<tr><td>[[.pt]]</td><td>Portugal</td><td>[[DNS.PT]]</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.pw]]</td><td>Palau</td><td>[[Micronesia Investment and Development Corporation]]</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.py]]</td><td>Paraguay</td><td>[[NIC-PY]]</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.qa]]</td><td>Qatar</td><td>[[ictQATAR]]</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.re]]</td><td>Reunion</td><td>[[AFNIC]]</td><td>Restricted to brand owners in Reunion and to companies with an address in Reunion.</td>

−

<tr><td>[[.ro]]</td><td>Romania</td><td>[[~~National Institute for R&D in Informatics~~]]</td><td></td>

+

<tr><td>[[.ro]]</td><td>Romania</td><td>[[RNC|Romanian Research Network]]</td><td></td>

−

<tr><td>[[.rs]]</td><td>Serbia</td><td>[[RNIDS|Serbian National Internet Domain ~~Registry foundation~~]] (RNIDS)</td><td></td>

+

<tr><td>[[.rs]]</td><td>Serbia</td><td>[[RNIDS|Serbian National Register of Internet Domain Names]] (RNIDS)</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.ru]]</td><td>Russia</td><td>[[Coordination Center for TLD RU]]</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.rw]]</td><td>Rwanda</td><td>[[NIC Congo]]</td><td></td>

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<tr><td>[[.sb]]</td><td>Solomon Islands</td><td>[[Solomon Telekom Company]]</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.sc]]</td><td>Seychelles</td><td>[[VCS]]</td><td></td>

−

<tr><td>[[.sd]]</td><td>Sudan</td><td>[[~~ISOC~~]] ~~Sudan~~</td><td></td>

+

<tr><td>[[.sd]]</td><td>Sudan</td><td>[[Sudan Internet Society]]</td><td></td>

−

<tr><td>[[.se]]</td><td>Sweden</td><td>[[~~Interner Infrastructure Foundation~~]]</td><td></td>

+

<tr><td>[[.se]]</td><td>Sweden</td><td>[[Internetstiftelsen i Sverige]]</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.sg]]</td><td>Singapore</td><td>[[SGNIC]]</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.sh]]</td><td>Saint Helena</td><td>[[Government of St. Helena]]</td><td></td>

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<tr><td>[[.sl]]</td><td>Sierra Leone</td><td>[[Sierratel]]</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.sm]]</td><td>San Marino</td><td>[[Telecom Italia San Marino]]</td><td>Domain name must be same as company name or trademark</td>

−

<tr><td>[[.sn]]</td><td>Senegal</td><td>[[Universite Cheikh Anta Diop~~]] and [[NIC Senegal~~]]</td><td></td>

+

<tr><td>[[.sn]]</td><td>Senegal</td><td>[[Universite Cheikh Anta Diop]]</td><td></td>

−

<tr><td>[[.so]]</td><td>Somalia</td><td>[[~~Somalia Ministry of Post and Telecommunications~~]]</td><td>Relaunched on Novemner 1, 2010</td>

+

<tr><td>[[.so]]</td><td>Somalia</td><td>[[SONIC]]</td><td>Relaunched on Novemner 1, 2010</td>

<tr><td>[[.sr]]</td><td>Suriname</td><td>[[Telesur]]</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.ss]]</td><td>South Sudan</td><td>Unassigned</td><td>Currently not in root zone</td>

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<tr><td>[[.sx]]</td><td>Sint Maarten</td><td>[[SX Registry]]</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.sy]]</td><td>Syria</td><td>[[NANS]]</td><td></td>

−

<tr><td>[[.sz]]</td><td>Swaziland</td><td>[[~~University of Swaziland Department of Computer Science~~]]</td><td></td>

+

<tr><td>[[.sz]]</td><td>Swaziland</td><td>[[SISPA]]</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.tc]]</td><td>Turks and Caicos Islands</td><td>[[MelrexTC]]</td><td></td>

−

<tr><td>[[.td]]</td><td>Chad</td><td>[[~~SOTEL TCHAD~~]]</td><td>Restricted to entities connected with Chad</td>

+

<tr><td>[[.td]]</td><td>Chad</td><td>[[Sotel Tchad]]</td><td>Restricted to entities connected with Chad</td>

<tr><td>[[.tf]]</td><td>French Southern Territories</td><td>[[AFNIC]]</td><td></td>

−

<tr><td>[[.tg]]</td><td>Togo</td><td>[[~~Cafe~~ Informatique et Telecommunications]]</td><td></td>

+

<tr><td>[[.tg]]</td><td>Togo</td><td>[[C.A.F.E. Informatique et Telecommunications]]</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.th]]</td><td>Thailand</td><td>[[THNIC]]</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.tj]]</td><td>Tajikistan</td><td>[[Information Technology Center]]</td><td></td>

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<tr><td>[[.tl]]</td><td>Timor-Leste</td><td>[[Ministry Infrastructure Information and Technology Division]]</td><td> Old code, [[.tp]], still also in use</td>

<tr><td>[[.tm]]</td><td>Turkmenistan</td><td>[[TM Domain Registry]]</td><td></td>

−

<tr><td>[[.tn]]</td><td>Tunisia</td><td>[[~~Agence Tunisienne d'Internet~~]]</td><td></td>

+

<tr><td>[[.tn]]</td><td>Tunisia</td><td>[[Tunisia Telecommunications Agency ATI]]</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.to]]</td><td>Tonga</td><td>[[Government of the Kingdom of Tonga]]</td><td>Unofficially used for torrent, Toronto, and Tokyo</td>

<tr><td>[[.tp]]</td><td>Portuguese Timor</td><td>Unassigned</td><td>Being phased out in favor of [[.tl]]</td>

−

<tr><td>[[.tr]]</td><td>Turkey</td><td>[[~~Middle East Technical University Department of Computer Engineering~~]]</td><td>.nc.tr used by Northern Cyprus</td>

+

<tr><td>[[.tr]]</td><td>Turkey</td><td>[[NIC.TR]]</td><td>.nc.tr used by Northern Cyprus</td>

<tr><td>[[.tt]]</td><td>Trinidad and Tobago</td><td>[[University of the West Indies Faculty of Engineering]]</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.tv]]</td><td>Tuvalu</td><td>[[Ministry of Finance and Tourism]]</td><td>Used as a abbreviation for television</td>

<tr><td>[[.tw]]</td><td>Taiwan</td><td>[[TWNIC]]</td><td>Registration allowed worldwide</td>

<tr><td>[[.tz]]</td><td>Tanzania</td><td>[[TzNIC]]</td><td>Presence within Tanzania required</td>

−

<tr><td>[[.ua]]</td><td>Ukraine</td><td>[[~~Communication Systems Ltd.~~]]</td><td></td>

+

<tr><td>[[.ua]]</td><td>Ukraine</td><td>[[Hostmaster LTD]]</td><td></td>

−

<tr><td>[[.ug]]</td><td>Uganda</td><td>[[~~I3C: Infinity Computers & Communications Company~~]]</td><td></td>

+

<tr><td>[[.ug]]</td><td>Uganda</td><td>[[Charles Musisi]]</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.uk]]</td><td>United Kingdom</td><td>[[Nominet]]</td><td>UK service address required</td>

<tr><td>[[.um]]</td><td>United States Minor Outlying Islands</td><td>Unassigned</td><td>Currently not in root zone</td>

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<tr><td>[[.vg]]</td><td>British Virgin Islands</td><td>[[Pinebrook Developments Ltd.]]</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.vi]]</td><td>US Virgin Islands</td><td>[[NIC.vi]]</td><td></td>

−

<tr><td>[[.vn]]</td><td>Vietnam</td><td>[[~~Ministry of Information and Communications of Socialist Republic of Viet Nam~~]]</td><td></td>

+

<tr><td>[[.vn]]</td><td>Vietnam</td><td>[[VNNIC]]</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.vu]]</td><td>Vanuatu</td><td>[[Telecom Vanuatu Ltd.]]</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.wf]]</td><td>Wallis and Futuna</td><td>[[AFNIC]]</td><td></td>

<tr><td>[[.ws]]</td><td>Samoa</td><td>[[Government of Samoa Ministry of Foreign Affairs]]</td><td></td>

+

<tr><td>[[.yt]]</td><td>Mayote</td><td>[[AFNIC]]</td><td></td>

+

<tr><td>[[.za]]</td><td>South Africa</td><td>[[ZADNA]]</td><td></td>

+

<tr><td>[[.zm]]</td><td>Zambia</td><td>[[ZAMNET]]</td><td></td>

+

<tr><td>[[.zw]]</td><td>Zimbabwe</td><td>[[ZISPA]]</td><td></td>

</table>

Line 312: Line 315:

{{reflist}}</div>

−

[[Category: ~~Glossary~~]]

+

[[Category:TLD]]

Christiane

Bureaucrats, steward, Administrators, translator

867

edits

Changes

Country code top-level domain (view source)

Revision as of 20:00, 19 March 2024