Changes

The '''Country-code Top-level Domains (ccTLDs)''' represent two-letter Internet top-level domains([[TLD]]) specifically designed for a particular country, sovereign state or autonomous territory for use to service their community. Country-code top-level domains (ccTLDs) are two-letter top-level domains which are derived from the [[ISO 3166]] standard.

The '''Country-code Top-level Domains (ccTLDs)''' represent two-letter Internet top-level domains([[TLD]]) specifically designed for a particular country, sovereign state or autonomous territory for use to service their community. Country-code top-level domains (ccTLDs) are two-letter top-level domains which are derived from the [[ISO 3166]] standard. <ref>[http://www.icann.org/en/cctlds/ ICANN ccTLDs]</ref>

==Implementation==

==Implementation==

The implementation of ccTLD began in 2010 by [[IANA]] (Internet Assigned Numbers Authority). The delegation and creation of ccTLD is presented within [[RFC 1951]]. However, in order to determine whether new ccTLDs should be added or not, the IANA follows the provisions of [[ISO 3166]] - Maintenance Agency. More information related to the development of new ccTLDs in comprised within ''IANA's Procedures for Establishing ccTLDs''.

The implementation of ccTLD began in 2010 by [[IANA]] (Internet Assigned Numbers Authority). The delegation and creation of ccTLD is presented within [[RFC 1951]]. However, in order to determine whether new ccTLDs should be added or not, the IANA follows the provisions of [[ISO 3166]] - Maintenance Agency. More information related to the development of new ccTLDs in comprised within ''IANA's Procedures for Establishing ccTLDs''.<ref>[http://www.iana.org/domains/root/cctld/ IANA ccTLD]</ref>

==IANA's Procedures for ccTLDs==

==IANA's Procedures for ccTLDs==

==Delegation and Redelegation==

==Delegation and Redelegation==

This process through which the designated manager or managers are being changed is know as ''redelegation''.The process follows the provisions of [[ICP-1]] and [[RFC 1591]]. IANA received all requests of a sponsoring organization related to delegation and redelegation for the country-code top-level domanins (ccTLDs).The requests are then analyzed by IANA based on various technical and public criterion, and finally send to ICANN Board of Dierctiors upon approval or refusal. If approved, IANA is also responsible for the implementation of the requests.  

This process through which the designated manager or managers are being changed is know as ''redelegation''.The process follows the provisions of [[ICP-1]] and [[RFC 1591]]. IANA received all requests of a sponsoring organization related to delegation and redelegation for the country-code top-level domanins (ccTLDs).The requests are then analyzed by IANA based on various technical and public criterion, and finally send to ICANN Board of Dierctiors upon approval or refusal. If approved, IANA is also responsible for the implementation of the requests.<ref>[http://www.iana.org/domains/root/delegation-guide/ Delegation and Redelegation Guide]</ref>

Conceptually speaking, the delegation and redelegation processes are simple, but can easily become complex if there are many organizations and individuals involved in the process.  

Conceptually speaking, the delegation and redelegation processes are simple, but can easily become complex if there are many organizations and individuals involved in the process.  

==ccTLDs and ICANN==  

==ccTLDs and ICANN==  

The policies developed by ICANN are implemented by gTLD registry operators, ccTLD managers, root-namserver operators and regional Internet registries. One of the main activities of ICANN is to work and cooperate with other organizations involved in the technical coordination of the Internet with the purpose of formally documenting their participatory role within the ICANN process. These organizations are committed  the ICANN policies that result from their work.  

The policies developed by ICANN are implemented by gTLD registry operators, ccTLD managers, root-namserver operators and regional Internet registries. One of the main activities of ICANN is to work and cooperate with other organizations involved in the technical coordination of the Internet with the purpose of formally documenting their participatory role within the ICANN process. These organizations are committed  the ICANN policies that result from their work. <ref>[http://www.icann.org/en/cctlds/ ICANN ccTLDs]</ref>

Starting with 2000, ICANN started cooperating with ccTLD managers to document their relationship. Due to various circumstances such as: the type of organization, cultural issues, economics, legal environment - the relationships between ICANN and ccTLD mangers are complex ones. Another important aspect is related to the role of the national government in "managing or establishing policy for their own ccTLDs" (role recognized in the June 1998 U.S. Government White Paper).  

Starting with 2000, ICANN started cooperating with ccTLD managers to document their relationship. Due to various circumstances such as: the type of organization, cultural issues, economics, legal environment - the relationships between ICANN and ccTLD mangers are complex ones. Another important aspect is related to the role of the national government in "managing or establishing policy for their own ccTLDs" (role recognized in the June 1998 U.S. Government White Paper).  

==References==

==References==

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