Changes

* '''infrastructure''' ([[.arpa]]), which is exclusively used to support operationally-critical infrastructural identifier spaces and it is operated by IANA.<ref>[http://www.iana.org/domains/root/db/# IANA Root Zone Data Base]</ref>

* '''infrastructure''' ([[.arpa]]), which is exclusively used to support operationally-critical infrastructural identifier spaces and it is operated by IANA.<ref>[http://www.iana.org/domains/root/db/# IANA Root Zone Data Base]</ref>

The gTLDs are managed and operated either by their sponsoring organization and or a registry operator approved by [[ICANN]].

The gTLDs are managed and operated by their sponsoring organization and/or a registry operator approved by [[ICANN]].

==Background==

==Background==

==Third Round: New gTLD Program==

==Third Round: New gTLD Program==

: ''Main Article: [[New gTLD Program]]''

: ''Main Article: [[New gTLD Program]]''

After the results of the 2000 and 2003 expansion of new gTLDs, a [[PDP|Policy Development Process]] in connection with the introduction of new gTLDs was developed by the [[Generic Names Supporting Organization]] (GNSO), which lasted from 2005 until 2007. During this Policy Development Process, the GNSO conducted extensive and detailed consultations with all constituencies within the ICANN global internet community. In 2008, 19 Specific Policy Recommendations were adopted by the ICANN Board for the implementation of new gTLDs, which describe the specifics of allocation and the contractual conditions. ICANN involved the global internet community in an open, inclusive and transparent implementation process to comment, review and provide their input toward creating the Applicant Guidebook for New gTLDs. The protection of intellectual property, community interests, consumer protection, and DNS stability were addressed during the process. Different versions and multiple drafts of the Applicant Guidebook were released in 2008. By June 2011, the ICANN Board launched the New gTLD Program, at the same time approving the [[New gTLD Applicant Guidebook]].<ref>[http://newgtlds.icann.org/about/program About the New gTLD Program]</ref>

After the results of the 2000 and 2003 expansion of new gTLDs, a [[PDP|Policy Development Process]] in connection with the introduction of new gTLDs was developed by the [[Generic Names Supporting Organization]] (GNSO), which lasted from 2005 until 2007. During this Policy Development Process, the GNSO conducted extensive and detailed consultations with all constituencies within the ICANN global internet community. In 2008, 19 Specific Policy Recommendations were adopted by the ICANN Board for the implementation of new gTLDs, which describe the specifics of allocation and the contractual conditions. ICANN involved the global internet community in an open, inclusive and transparent implementation process to comment, review and provide their input toward creating the Applicant Guidebook for New gTLDs. The protection of intellectual property, community interests, consumer protection, and DNS stability were addressed during the process. Different versions and multiple drafts of the Applicant Guidebook were released in 2008. By June 2011, the ICANN Board launched the New gTLD Program, at the same time approving the [[Applicant Guidebook|New gTLD Applicant Guidebook]].<ref>[http://newgtlds.icann.org/about/program About the New gTLD Program]</ref>

==Closed Generic Strings==

==Closed Generic Strings==