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According to '''IPv4''', the address contained 32 bits which functioned on private networks and multicast networks. The IPv4 addresses consist of four decimal numbers ranging between 0-255, but the IPv4 address can also be represented in binary, octal or hexadecimal forms. The IPv4 addresses were exhausted due to the low supply of allocated addresses from [[IANA]] (Internet Assigned Numbers Authority) and the [[RIR]]s (Regional Internet Registries). <ref>[http://uw713doc.sco.com/en/NET_tcpip/tcpC.ipv4.html IPv4]</ref>
According to '''IPv4''', the address contained 32 bits which functioned on private networks and multicast networks. The IPv4 addresses consist of four decimal numbers ranging between 0-255, but the IPv4 address can also be represented in binary, octal or hexadecimal forms. The IPv4 addresses were exhausted due to the low supply of allocated addresses from [[IANA]] (Internet Assigned Numbers Authority) and the [[RIR]]s (Regional Internet Registries). <ref>[http://uw713doc.sco.com/en/NET_tcpip/tcpC.ipv4.html IPv4]</ref>
IPv4 has a capacity of just 4.3 billion IP addresses of the 4.3 billion IPv4 addresses, only 3.7 are usable by ordinary Internet access devices. The others are used for special protocols like IP multi-casting.
'''IPv6''' was created as a solution to the inevitable threat posed by the exhaustion of IPv4 addresses. The [[IETF|Internet Engineering Task Force]] was involved in its creation as it decided to explore new technologies by expanding the address capability of the Internet. <ref>[http://playground.sun.com/ipv6/ IPv6 and IETF]</ref>IPv6 does not guarantee a sufficient quantity of addresses but it definitely enables an efficient aggregation and allocation of rooting prefixes for routing nodes.
'''IPv6''' was created as a solution to the inevitable threat posed by the exhaustion of IPv4 addresses. The [[IETF|Internet Engineering Task Force]] was involved in its creation as it decided to explore new technologies by expanding the address capability of the Internet. <ref>[http://playground.sun.com/ipv6/ IPv6 and IETF]</ref>IPv6 does not guarantee a sufficient quantity of addresses but it definitely enables an efficient aggregation and allocation of rooting prefixes for routing nodes.
'''IPv6 '''has 340 undecillion (340 x 10 ^36) addresses. To put this in perspective: consider our galaxy, the milky way has estimated 300 b stars (300 x 10 ^9). This is to say there are a trillion trillion trillion IPv6 addresses than stars in our galaxy.
The main challenge facing the deployment of '''IPv6 '''however, is the lack of backward compatibility between '''IPv6''' and '''IPv4'''.
Networks using '''IPv6''' cannot communicate directly to those, still dominant today, using '''IPv4'''.
==References==
==References==