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'''RIR'' is the acronym for '''Regional Internet Registry''' and represents a not-for-profit international organization that deals with the allocation of Internet Protocol ([[IP]]) address space ([[IPv4]] and [[IPv6]]) and the Autonomous System (AS) numbers within a geographical region.<ref>[http://searchnetworking.techtarget.com/definition/Regional-Internet-Registry-RIR RIR definition]</ref>

A '''Regional Internet Registry (RIR)''' is a not-for-profit international organization that deals with the allocation of [[Internet Protocol]] (IP) address space ([[IPv4]] and [[IPv6]]) and the [[ASN|Autonomous System numbers]] within a geographical region.<ref>[http://searchnetworking.techtarget.com/definition/Regional-Internet-Registry-RIR RIR definition]</ref>

==Short overview==

==Overview==

Due to the Internet's rapid growth during the 1990's, the [[ISP]]s (Internet Service Providers) established Regional Internet Registries ([[RIR]]s). The creation of RIRs was made based on the RFC 2050 and had as main objective the development of consistent global policies. The RIRs also work together on joint projects.

Due to the Internet's rapid growth during the 1990s, [[ISP]]s established Regional Internet Registries. The creation of RIRs was made based on the desire to develop the Internet through consistent global policies. The RIRs also work together on joint projects.

The five RIRs represent different regions:

The main tasks/functions of each individual [[RIR]] are listed below:

==RIR and IANA==

* '''[[ARIN]]''', the RIR responsible for the allocation of [[IP]] addresses for the region of North America, Canada, the US, and a portion of the Caribbean. It was established in 1997.

[[IANA]] (Internet Assigned Numbers Authority) is the institution that allocates [[IP]] addresses to each individual RIR upon request. Then, each individual RIR is responsible for the allocation of addresses towards Internet Service Providers ([[ISP]]s), educational institutions, companies, government bodies and other such institutions. <ref>[http://whatismyipaddress.com/rir RIR and IANA]</ref>

* '''[[RIPE NCC]]''', originally known as ''"The Reseaux IP Europeens Network Coordination Centre,"'' it is the RIR responsible for the allocation of [[IP]] addresses for the region of Europe, the Middle East, and Central Asia. It was established in 1992.

* '''[[APNIC]]''', the RIR responsible for the allocation of [[IP]] addresses for the region of Asia and the Pacific Rim. It was established in 1993.

* '''[[LACNIC]]''', is the RIR responsible for the allocation of [[IP]] addresses for the region of Latin America and the areas of the Caribbean which are not covered by [[ARIN]]. It was established in 2001.

* '''[[AFRINIC]]''', the RIR responsible for the allocation of [[IP]] addresses for the African continent. It became operational in 2005.

All RIRs participate in the body which was created to represent their collective interests known as "Number Resource Organization" (NRO) - was founded in 23 October year 2003 when the four RIR decided to enter into a MoU (Momorandum of Understanding). Later, when the RIR AfriNIC was created in 2005 joined the MoU as well as the NRO.

This is how the five RIRs cooperate and stay in touch with each other. The RIRs are united by means of the NRO.  

Each RIR has the main task to create and develop local policies for managing the allocation of identity elements, such as unique Internet protocol ([[IP]]) addresses and the numbers used by routers, switches, and computers over the Internet.  

==Worldwide RIRs==

===The creation of PDP===

At worldwide level there are five RIR which deal with the with the allocation of Internet Protocol ([[IP]]) address space ([[IPv4]] and [[IPv6]]) and the Autonomous System (AS) numbers based on the region each RIR represents

The policy development process is proposed by a policy working group from various organizations and members of an [[RIR]]. Based on the PDP, various policies are discussed within a specific community and ratified by the [[RIR]] Board after consensus has been reached.

===[[ARIN]]===

Is the RIR responsible for the allocation of [[IP]] addresses for the region of North America, Canada, US and portion of the Caribbean. Was established in 1997.  

# It is further analyzed by the appropriate [[RIR]] via mailing lists. Anyone can join such discussions.

# After a period of 30 days, the PDP is brought to an open public meeting for further discussion and the possibility of consensus.

# If consensus is achieved, then the next step will be applied. If consensus is not achieved, another period of 30 days will be allowed for more discussion and debate, until a consensus is achieved. If consensus is still not achieved, the PDP may be abandoned. 

# If consensus is achieved, another period of 15 days will be given for anyone from the community to provide new observations and suggestions for final changes.

# The policy is ratified by the Board of Trustees and the policy is adopted for use.<ref>[http://www.afrinic.net/pdp.htm PDP process]</ref>

===[[RIPE]] NCC===

Originally known as ''"The Reseaux IP Europeens Network Coordination Centre"'' is the RIR responsible for the allocation of [[IP]] addresses for the region of Europe, Middle East and Central Asia. Was established in 1992

* To provide appropriate registry documentation regarding the allocation of [[IP|Internet Protocol]] address space ([[IPv4]] and [[IPv6]]) and the [[ASN|Autonomous System numbers]];

* To assist the development of Internet routing tables;

* To support the development of [[CIDR]] (Classless Inter-Domain Routing) techniques;

* To represent the interests of its community by organizing forums and supporting the organizations involved in the coordination of the Internet.

===[[APNIC]]===

==RIR and IANA==

Is the RIR responsible for the allocation of [[IP]] addresses for the region of Asia and Pacific Rim. Was established and became active starting with 1993.

[[IANA]] (Internet Assigned Numbers Authority) is the institution that allocates [[IP]] addresses to each individual RIR upon request. Then,  each individual RIR is responsible for the allocation of addresses towards Internet Service Providers ([[ISP]]s), educational institutions, companies, government bodies and other such institutions. <ref>[http://whatismyipaddress.com/rir RIR and IANA]</ref>

 

Is the RIR responsible for the allocation of [[IP]] addresses for the region of Latin America and the Caribbean which is not covered by [[ARIN]]. Was established in 2001.

===[[AfriNIC]]===

All RIRs participate in the body which was created to represent their collective interests, keep them in contact, and coordinate their efforts; known as the [[NRO|Number Resource Organization]], it was founded in October 2003 when the four RIRs decided to enter into a [[MoU]]. Later, when the RIR [[AfriNIC]] was created in 2005 it joined the MoU as well as the [[NRO]].

Is the RIR responsible for the allocation of [[IP]] addresses for the African continent. Became operational in 2005.

==References==

==References==

[[Category: Glossary]]

[[Category: Glossary]]