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Line 15: − + − + − ===Program-specific TLDs=== − *[[hSTLD]]s − *[[New gTLD Program|nTLD]]s Line 25:
Line 25: − + − * Sponsored - A variation on Restricted, the applicant for a domain in an [[STLD]] must meet the requirements within that TLD (ie. [[.jobs]] would require that Human Resources be involved, [[.travel]] would require certain Travel criteria are met, etc). − − ==History== − The need for a hierarchical [[DNS]] arose with the popularity of the Internet in academic spheres in the early 1980s, which eventually necessitated a decentralized Internet. Communications between [[The Stanford Research Institute NIC]] and other institutions included plans to create a hierarchical [[DNS]], and can be found in [http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc805.txt RFC 805], a group document from 1982. This document outlines many of the basics of the eventual [[DNS]], including the need for [[TLD]]s to provide a fixed starting point for queries, and the need for [[SLD]]s to be unique. This, in turn, would necessitate the need for a [[registrar]] type of administration, and help the nascent IT community recognize that the distribution of responsibility for each domain to individual name servers would provide administrative advantages.<ref>[http://www.livinginternet.com/i/iw_dns_history.htm Living Internet]</ref> − − Following a six-year development process, [[ICANN]] launched the [[New gTLD Program]] at its Singapore conference in June 2011. This unlimited expansion program allowed anyone to apply to run nearly any string for the first time in the history of the Internet.<ref>[http://www.icann.org/en/news/announcements/announcement-20jun11-en.htm ICANN Approves Historic Change to Internet's Domain Name System, icann.org]</ref> On June, 13th, 2012 ("Reveal Day"), it was announced that there were 1,930 applications: 84 of these were [[Community gTLD|community applications]], 116 are for [[IDN]]s, and 230 of the applications have one or more applicant and will thus go through [[String Contention|string contention]] processes. This means the first round of the new gTLD program could create a maximum of 1,409 new TLDs.<ref>[http://www.thedomains.com/2012/06/13/nnew-gtlds-by-the-numbers-1930-apps-751-apps-in-conflict-max-number-of-new-gtlds-1409/ New gTLDs by the Numbers, TheDomains.com]</ref> − ==References== − {{reflist}}
→Level of Restriction
There are different types of TLDs.
There are different types of TLDs.
===[[gTLD]]s===
===[[gTLD]]s===
*[[sTLD]]s
*[[brand TLD]]s - corporations use their corporate name as their website's top-level identifier instead of .com or .biz domain space
*[[brand TLD]]s
*[[community TLD]]s relate to local events, gatherings, or organizations.
*[[Community TLD]]s
*[[geoTLD]]s represent geographical or regional areas that are not countries with three or more ASCII characters.
*[[hSTLD]]s
*[[All New gTLD Applications|nTLD]]s - domains that were introduced beginning in October 2013
*[[sTLD]]s - has a sponsor for a specific purpose, such as to represent a specific ethnic community, professional group, or geographical location.
===[[ccTLD]]s===
===[[ccTLD]]s===
*[[ccTLD|ccTLDs with ASCII characters]]
*[[ccTLD|ccTLDs with ASCII characters]]
:TLDs with two ASCII characters have been established for over 250 countries and external territories.
:TLDs with two ASCII characters have been established for over 250 countries and external territories.
[[IDNccTLD]]s
*[[IDN ccTLD]]s
:TLDs with non-ASCII characters designated for a country or geographic region.
:TLDs with non-ASCII characters designated for a country or geographic region.
==Operating Mode==
==Operating Mode==
==Level of Restriction==
==Level of Restriction==
* Unrestricted - If there are no requirements that must be met in order to register a name under a TLD, that TLD is Unrestricted.
* Unrestricted - If there are no requirements that must be met in order to register a name under a TLD, that TLD is Unrestricted.
* Restricted - Requiring Local Physical Address, Local Tax ID, or other specific criteria be met to qualify in order to provision a name.
* Restricted - Requiring Local Physical Address, Local Tax ID, or other specific criteria to qualify.
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[[Category: Glossary]]
[[Category: Glossary]]
[[Category: Acronym]]
[[Category: Acronym]]