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'''Universal access''' refers to the concept that [[top level domain|top-level domain]] names are accessible globally through any internet browser, server, email client, and computer program. <ref>http://rishida.net/blog/?p=1083</ref>
'''Universal access''' refers to the concept that [[top level domain|top-level domain]] names are accessible globally through any internet browser, server, email client, and computer program. <ref>http://rishida.net/blog/?p=1083</ref>
When original domain names were implemented in the [[Domain Name System]] of the [[Internet]], such as [[.com]], [[.edu]], [[.gov]], [[.mil]], [[.org]], [[.net]], and [[.arpa]], non-Latin alphabet language communities were limited to easily access the Internet. Domain names at this time were exclusively expressed in languages based on US- ASCII specific script. The demand for universal access became imminent amidst the creating of [[IDN|IDNs]].<ref>http://www.circleid.com/posts/20140519_universal_acceptance_of_all_tlds_now/</ref>
When original domain names were implemented in the [[Domain Name System]] of the [[Internet]], such as [[.com]], [[.edu]], [[.gov]], [[.mil]], [[.org]], [[.net]], and [[.arpa]], non-Latin alphabet language communities were limited to easily access the Internet. Domain names at this time were exclusively expressed in languages based on US- ASCII specific script. The demand for universal access became imminent amidst the creating of [[IDN|IDNs]].<ref>http://www.circleid.com/posts/20140519_universal_acceptance_of_all_tlds_now/</ref>
==Timeline to Achieving Universal Access==
==Timeline to Achieving Universal Access== <!--T:2-->
In October 2009, the Internationalized Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) Board approved for IDN country-code top-level domain names (ccTLDs). <ref>https://www.icann.org/resources/pages/idn-2012-02-25-en</ref>
In October 2009, the Internationalized Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) Board approved for IDN country-code top-level domain names (ccTLDs). <ref>https://www.icann.org/resources/pages/idn-2012-02-25-en</ref>
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In June 2011, [[ICANN]] announced their [[new gTLD Program]], allowing new [[gTLD]]s to be added to the [[root zone]]. <ref>http://newgtlds.icann.org/en/about/program</ref>
In June 2011, [[ICANN]] announced their [[new gTLD Program]], allowing new [[gTLD]]s to be added to the [[root zone]]. <ref>http://newgtlds.icann.org/en/about/program</ref>
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In August 2014, [[Google]] announced their implementation of [[IDN email]] addresses. Languages based on non-Latin characters and symbols (such as Chinese, Cyrillic and Arabic) are able to input their own written language into an email address on [[Gmail]].
In August 2014, [[Google]] announced their implementation of [[IDN email]] addresses. Languages based on non-Latin characters and symbols (such as Chinese, Cyrillic and Arabic) are able to input their own written language into an email address on [[Gmail]].
<ref>http://internetregistry.info/non-english-idn-email-addresses-finally-working-2/</ref>
<ref>http://internetregistry.info/non-english-idn-email-addresses-finally-working-2/</ref>
==References==
==References== <!--T:5-->
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}
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[[Category:Glossary]]
[[Category:Glossary]]
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[[Category:Articles with Chinese]]
[[Category:Articles with Chinese]]