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− | The following terms are commonly used by the ICANN Community. | + | The following terms are commonly used by the ICANN Community. |
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| ==Actors/Roles== | | ==Actors/Roles== |
− | *[[CA]] – a third party company that issues digital certificates and public-private keys as a part of a chosen Public Key Infrastructure. | + | *[[CA]] – a third-party company that issues digital certificates and public-private keys as a part of a chosen Public Key Infrastructure. |
| *[[Domainer]] – a person who buys and sells domain names, seeking to profit from selling at a higher price later or from advertising activities. | | *[[Domainer]] – a person who buys and sells domain names, seeking to profit from selling at a higher price later or from advertising activities. |
| *[[I* Leaders]] – a loose category of organizations responsible for technical infrastructures on the Internet. | | *[[I* Leaders]] – a loose category of organizations responsible for technical infrastructures on the Internet. |
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| *[[TDG]] | | *[[TDG]] |
| *[[TLG]] | | *[[TLG]] |
| + | |
| + | ===Committees=== |
| + | *[[BGC]] - a committee established to enhance the performance of the Board, lead the annual Board performance review, including the CEO, and recommend nominees for Board Chair, Vice Chair, and other leadership positions. |
| + | *[[CEO Search Committee]] |
| + | *[[IPOC]] |
| + | *[[OSC]] – GNSO Operations Steering Committee |
| + | *[[PPSC]] |
| + | *[[SIC]] |
| + | *[[TMC]] |
| + | |
| ===Panels=== | | ===Panels=== |
| *[[ACP]] – Administrative Challenge Panel | | *[[ACP]] – Administrative Challenge Panel |
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| *[[String Similarity Panel]] | | *[[String Similarity Panel]] |
| *[[Technical Evaluation Panel]] | | *[[Technical Evaluation Panel]] |
| + | |
| + | ===Task Forces=== |
| + | *[[IETF]] – The Internet Engineering Task Force is a large open international community of network designers, operators, vendors, and researchers concerned with the evolution of the Internet architecture and the smooth operation of the Internet. |
| + | *[[Whois Task Force]] |
| + | |
| + | ===Teams=== |
| + | *[[CERT]] – A Computer Emergency Response Team or Computer Security Incident Response Team is a group designated to handle computer security. |
| + | *[[Communications and Coordination Work Team]] – GNSO team for developing proposals for the Council in response to recommendations made by the BGC WG. |
| + | *[[DT]] – A Drafting Team is established by the GNSO to advise ICANN staff and Council members on amendments to the Registrar Accreditation Agreement |
| + | *[[GCOT]]– the GNSO team for identifying areas for review to best seat a new Council and gather OSC feedback |
| + | *[[IRT]] The Implementation Recommendation Team is an Intellectual Property Constituency-created group of consumer protection and trademark law experts. |
| + | *[[STI-DT]] |
| | | |
| ===Working Groups/Work Parties=== | | ===Working Groups/Work Parties=== |
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| *[[VIWG]] | | *[[VIWG]] |
| *[[WGIG]] | | *[[WGIG]] |
− |
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− | ===Task Forces===
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− | *[[IETF]] – The Internet Engineering Task Force is a large open international community of network designers, operators, vendors, and researchers concerned with the evolution of the Internet architecture and the smooth operation of the Internet.
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− | *[[Whois Task Force]]
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− | ===Teams===
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− | *[[CERT]] – A Computer Emergency Response Team or Computer Security Incident Response Team is a group designated to handle computer security.
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− | *[[Communications and Coordination Work Team]] – GNSO team for developing proposals for the Council in response to recommendations made by the BGC WG.
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− | *[[DT]] – A Drafting Team is established by the GNSO to advise ICANN staff and Council members on amendments to the Registrar Accreditation Agreement
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− | *[[GCOT]]– the GNSO team for identifying areas for review to best seat a new Council and gather OSC feedback
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− | *[[IRT]] The Implementation Recommendation Team is an Intellectual Property Constituency-created group of consumer protection and trademark law experts.
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− | *[[STI-DT]]
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− |
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− | ===Committees===
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− | *[[BGC]] - a committee established to enhance the performance of the Board, lead the annual Board performance review, including the CEO, and recommend nominees for Board Chair, Vice Chair, and other leadership positions.
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− | *[[CEO Search Committee]]
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− | *[[IPOC]]
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− | *[[OSC]] – GNSO Operations Steering Committee
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− | *[[PPSC]]
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− | *[[SIC]]
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− | *[[TMC]]
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| | | |
| ==Databases== | | ==Databases== |
| *[[Registry]] – a database of all domain names registered under a certain TLD. | | *[[Registry]] – a database of all domain names registered under a certain TLD. |
| + | |
| ==Documents== | | ==Documents== |
| *[[Applicant Guidebook]] – ICANN guidebook for applying for new gTLDs in the New gTLD Program | | *[[Applicant Guidebook]] – ICANN guidebook for applying for new gTLDs in the New gTLD Program |
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| *[[Inter-Registrar Transfer Policy]] – the policy developed by ICANN for the safe, straight-forward transfer of domain names from one registrar to another, dispute resolution, and undoing the transfer if it was done as a result of an error. | | *[[Inter-Registrar Transfer Policy]] – the policy developed by ICANN for the safe, straight-forward transfer of domain names from one registrar to another, dispute resolution, and undoing the transfer if it was done as a result of an error. |
| *[[Registrar Accreditation Agreement]] – the contract that governs the relationship between ICANN and its accredited registrars. | | *[[Registrar Accreditation Agreement]] – the contract that governs the relationship between ICANN and its accredited registrars. |
| + | |
| + | ==Internet Architecture== |
| + | *[[ARPANET]] – the first wide-area packet-switching network with distributed control to implement the TCP/IP protocol suite; the technical foundation of the Internet. |
| + | *[[DNS]] – The Domain Name System translates between alphanumeric domain names and IP Addresses. |
| + | *[[Internet Layer]] – A group of internetworking methods, protocols, and specifications used to transport network packets from the originating host across network boundaries. |
| + | *[[Root Zone]] – |
| + | ===Protocols=== |
| + | *[[FTP]] – a TCP/IP-based network protocol to transmit files from one computer to another through the Internet. |
| + | *[[ENUM]] – Electronic Numbering is a protocol developed by the IETF's Telephone Number Mapping Working Group, which used DNS architecture and protocol to identify available services associated with E.164. |
| + | *[[EPP]] – Extensible Provisioning Protocol is an XML-based protocol used by registrars and registries in managing domain names (register, renew, modify, delete, transfer) in a Shared Registry System environment. |
| + | *[[HTTP]] – Hypertext Transfer Protocol is a standard networking protocol for distributed, collaborative, hypermedia systems used on the World Wide Web since 1990. |
| + | *[[IP]] – Internet Protocol is the means by which data is sent from one computer to another via an Internet connection. |
| + | *[[IP Address]] – the unique number given to every computer connected to the Internet. This number allows users and other computers to find each other. |
| + | *[[IPv4]] – the version of internet protocol that defines IP addresses in a 32-bit format; the last blocks of IPv4 addresses were allocated by IANA to the Regional Internet Registries in February 2011. |
| + | *[[IPv6]] – the version of Internet protocol that supports 128-bit IP addresses. |
| + | *[[IRIS]] – Internet Registry Information Service, developed to replace WHOIS, is an application layer client-server protocol for a framework to represent the query-and-result operations of the information services of Internet registries. |
| + | *[[WHOIS]] – is a query and response protocol for querying databases that store the registered users or assignees of an Internet resource, such as a domain name, an IP address block, or an autonomous system. |
| + | *[[TCP/IP]] – Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (aka Internet Protocol Suite) serves as the industry standard in connecting networks to networks. |
| + | ====Domain Name==== |
| + | *[[Domain Name]] – An identification string that represents an IP resource, such as a computer, website, or service. |
| + | *[[DNSSEC]] – extensions that enable communication authentication between hosts and DNS data, while ensuring data integrity. |
| + | *[[Generic String]] – a string consisting of a word or term that denominates or describes a general class of goods, services, groups, organizations, or things, as opposed to distinguishing a specific brand of goods, services, groups, organizations or things from those of others. |
| + | *[[IDN]] – An Internationalized Domain Names is formed using characters from different scripts, such as Arabic, Chinese, Cyrillic, or Devanagari. These are encoded by the Unicode standard following IDN protocol. |
| + | *[[TLD]] – The Top Level Domain is the last part of a domain name; see the main article for more info on types of TLDs. |
| + | |
| + | ==Internet Infrastructure== |
| + | *[[IXP]] – an Internet Exchange Point (aka Network Access Point) is a physical point where different Internet service Providers meet to exchange their data and connect networks to form the Internet; without them, global wide-area networking would not be possible. |
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| ==Organizations== | | ==Organizations== |
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| ==Processes== | | ==Processes== |
| + | ===Functioning of the Internet=== |
| + | *[[IANA]] – managing the DNS root zone, the .int registry, and the .arpa zone; coordinating and allocating the global IP respectively AS number space to Regional Internet Registries; and providing the main repository for number registries and protocol names. |
| + | *[[IANA Functions Stewardship Transition]] – a process and community discussion regarding the United States government's NTIA's provision of the IANA functions to the global Internet community, spearheaded by ICANN. |
| + | *[[Internet governance]] – the development of norms and principles relating to how the Internet functions by a group of stakeholders including governments, organizations, and commissions and the regulation and administration of those principals by the parties involved. |
| ===Mechanisms=== | | ===Mechanisms=== |
| *[[ADR]] – an Alternative Dispute Resolution is a process for helping parties under dispute resolve their argument without filing any litigation. | | *[[ADR]] – an Alternative Dispute Resolution is a process for helping parties under dispute resolve their argument without filing any litigation. |
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| *[[Public Comment]] | | *[[Public Comment]] |
| *[[RSEP]] – ICANN process for screening and approving proposals made by gTLD operators for new registry services. | | *[[RSEP]] – ICANN process for screening and approving proposals made by gTLD operators for new registry services. |
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| ===Practices=== | | ===Practices=== |
| *[[Cybersquatting]] – attempting to profit by purchasing domain names made of marketable and trademark-related terms and later reselling or licensing those names back to the companies that developed the trademark | | *[[Cybersquatting]] – attempting to profit by purchasing domain names made of marketable and trademark-related terms and later reselling or licensing those names back to the companies that developed the trademark |
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| *[[Drop-Catching]] – the auto-registration of domains at the moment of their deletion. | | *[[Drop-Catching]] – the auto-registration of domains at the moment of their deletion. |
| *[[Fast Flux]] – technique evade identification and thwart anti-crime efforts aimed at identifying and shutting down websites used for illegal purposes. | | *[[Fast Flux]] – technique evade identification and thwart anti-crime efforts aimed at identifying and shutting down websites used for illegal purposes. |
− |
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− | ===Functioning of the Internet===
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− | *[[IANA]] – managing the DNS root zone, the .int registry, and the .arpa zone; coordinating and allocating the global IP respectively AS number space to Regional Internet Registries; and providing the main repository for number registries and protocol names.
| |
− | *[[IANA Functions Stewardship Transition]] – a process and community discussion regarding the United States government's NTIA's provision of the IANA functions to the global Internet community, spearheaded by ICANN.
| |
− | *[[Internet governance]] – the development of norms and principles relating to how the Internet functions by a group of stakeholders including governments, organizations, and commissions and the regulation and administration of those principals by the parties involved.
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| | | |
| ===Programs=== | | ===Programs=== |
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| *[[New gTLD Program]] – a process by which ICANN accepts applications to add new TLDs to the Root Zone. | | *[[New gTLD Program]] – a process by which ICANN accepts applications to add new TLDs to the Root Zone. |
| *[[NextGen@ICANN]] | | *[[NextGen@ICANN]] |
− |
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− | ==Internet Architecture==
| |
− | *[[ARPANET]] – the first wide-area packet-switching network with distributed control to implement the TCP/IP protocol suite; the technical foundation of the Internet.
| |
− | *[[DNS]] – The Domain Name System translates between alphanumeric domain names and IP Addresses.
| |
− | *[[Internet Layer]] – A group of internetworking methods, protocols, and specifications used to transport network packets from the originating host across network boundaries.
| |
− | *[[Root Zone]] –
| |
− | ===Protocols===
| |
− | *[[FTP]] – a TCP/IP-based network protocol to transmit files from one computer to another through the Internet.
| |
− | *[[ENUM]] – Electronic Numbering is a protocol developed by the IETF's Telephone Number Mapping Working Group, which used DNS architecture and protocol to identify available services associated with E.164.
| |
− | *[[EPP]] – Extensible Provisioning Protocol is an XML-based protocol used by registrars and registries in managing domain names (register, renew, modify, delete, transfer) in a Shared Registry System environment.
| |
− | *[[HTTP]] – Hypertext Transfer Protocol is a standard networking protocol for distributed, collaborative, hypermedia systems used on the World Wide Web since 1990.
| |
− | *[[IP]] – Internet Protocol is the means by which data is sent from one computer to another via an Internet connection.
| |
− | *[[IP Address]] – the unique number given to every computer connected to the Internet. This number allows users and other computers to find each other.
| |
− | *[[IPv4]] – the version of internet protocol that defines IP addresses in a 32-bit format; the last blocks of IPv4 addresses were allocated by IANA to the Regional Internet Registries in February 2011.
| |
− | *[[IPv6]] – the version of Internet protocol that supports 128-bit IP addresses.
| |
− | *[[IRIS]] – Internet Registry Information Service, developed to replace WHOIS, is an application layer client-server protocol for a framework to represent the query-and-result operations of the information services of Internet registries.
| |
− | *[[WHOIS]] – is a query and response protocol for querying databases that store the registered users or assignees of an Internet resource, such as a domain name, an IP address block, or an autonomous system.
| |
− | *[[TCP/IP]] – Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (aka Internet Protocol Suite) serves as the industry standard in connecting networks to networks.
| |
− | ====Domain Name====
| |
− | *[[Domain Name]] – An identification string that represents an IP resource, such as a computer, website, or service.
| |
− | *[[DNSSEC]] – extensions that enable communication authentication between hosts and DNS data, while ensuring data integrity.
| |
− | *[[Generic String]] – a string consisting of a word or term that denominates or describes a general class of goods, services, groups, organizations, or things, as opposed to distinguishing a specific brand of goods, services, groups, organizations or things from those of others.
| |
− | *[[IDN]] – An Internationalized Domain Names is formed using characters from different scripts, such as Arabic, Chinese, Cyrillic, or Devanagari. These are encoded by the Unicode standard following IDN protocol.
| |
− | *[[TLD]] – The Top Level Domain is the last part of a domain name; see the main article for more info on types of TLDs.
| |