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A typical URL can be of the following manner;
A typical URL can be of the following manner;
<code><nowiki>http://www.abcd.org/def/def1234.txt</nowiki></code>
<big><code><nowiki>http://www.abcd.org/def/def1234.txt</nowiki></code></big>
The first part specifies the scheme, which is http, separated from the rest by a colon. The rest of the part of URL follows the colon in a format specific to the scheme. The Internet mainly uses the HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) scheme to transfer HTML pages on the web. Other such protocols are ftp, gopher, mailto, wais, and so on.
The first part specifies the scheme, which is http, separated from the rest by a colon. The rest of the part of URL follows the colon in a format specific to the scheme. The Internet mainly uses the HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) scheme to transfer HTML pages on the web. Other such protocols are ftp, gopher, mailto, wais, and so on.
The second part, www.abcd.com specifies the unique computer name. This name is a hierarchy of domains which descend from right to left separated by a dot. The rightmost domain, or as technically called, label is the top level domains which can be gTLDs - .com, .org, .net, etc; or ccTLDs - .us, .fr, .de, etc.
The second part, www.abcd.com specifies the unique computer name. This name is a hierarchy of domains which descend from right to left separated by a dot. The rightmost domain, or as technically called, label is the top level domains which can be gTLDs - .com, .org, .net, etc; or ccTLDs - .us, .fr, .de, etc.
Next is the location of a resource as given in the example a text file, def1234.txt, to be accessed on that computer which is given by a pathname “/def/def1234.txt”.
Next is the location of a resource as given in the example a text file, def1234.txt, to be accessed on that computer which is given by a pathname "/def/def1234.txt".
<ref>[http://searchnetworking.techtarget.com/definition/URL searchnetwork.techtarget.com]Definition URL</ref><ref name=”ietf”>[http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1738.txt ietf.org]RFC 1738</ref>
<ref>[http://searchnetworking.techtarget.com/definition/URL searchnetwork.techtarget.com]Definition URL</ref><ref name="ietf">[http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1738.txt ietf.org]RFC 1738</ref><ref name="www">[http://www.w3.org/Addressing/URL/url-spec.txt w3.org]URL specifications</ref>
== History ==
== History ==
The URL was first created in the year 1994 <ref name=”www”>[http://www.w3.org/Addressing/URL/url-spec.txt w3.org]URL specifications</ref> by Tim Berners-Lee and the URI working group of the Internet Engineering Task Force<ref name=”ietf”>[http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1738.txt ietf.org] </ref>. Berners Lee had earlier used dots to separate the parts of the domain name inside URLs but he then regretted it and wished that he had used slashes throughout. For instance, he proposed that it is better to use <code>http:com/sample/www/path/to/name</code> instead of <code><nowiki>http://www.sample.com/path/to/name</nowiki></code> <ref>[http://www.w3.org/People/Berners-Lee/FAQ#etc w3.org] World Wide Web </ref>. Twenty years after creating the URL, Tim Berners-Lee in an interview to Times newspaper also held a light apology for using the two forward slashes (//) before the domain name. <ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/technology/8306631.stm news.bbc.co.uk]</ref>
The URL was first created in the year 1994 <ref name="www">[http://www.w3.org/Addressing/URL/url-spec.txt w3.org]URL specifications</ref> by Tim Berners-Lee and the URI working group of the Internet Engineering Task Force<ref name="ietf">[http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1738.txt ietf.org]RFC 1738</ref>. Berners Lee had earlier used dots to separate the parts of the domain name inside URLs but he then regretted it and wished that he had used slashes throughout. For instance, he proposed that it is better to use <code>http:com/sample/www/path/to/name</code> instead of <code><nowiki>http://www.sample.com/path/to/name</nowiki></code> <ref>[http://www.w3.org/People/Berners-Lee/FAQ#etc w3.org] World Wide Web </ref>. Twenty years after creating the URL, Tim Berners-Lee in an interview to Times newspaper also held a light apology for using the two forward slashes (//) before the domain name. <ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/technology/8306631.stm news.bbc.co.uk]</ref>
== Types of URL ==
== Types of URL ==