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{{People  

{{People  

|portrait  = Neelie_Kroes.JPG‎

|portrait  = Neelie_Kroes.JPG‎

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'''Neelie Kroes''' is the Vice President of the European Commission for the Digital Agenda of Europe. She is responsible in maintaining the tust and security for the internet and new technologies and competitive communications systems in the global market. She also leads the development or world-class research and innovation in information and communications technology industry and make sure that every European country becomes digital with access to to fast broadband and maximize the use of internet for economic and social development.<ref>[http://ec.europa.eu/commission_2010-2014/kroes/about/cv/index_en.htm Neelie Kroes Curriculum Vitae]</ref> She is considered as one of the world's most powerful women.<ref>[http://www.forbes.com/lists/2009/11/power-women-09_Neelie-Kroes_41C2.html The 100 Most Powerful Women, Forbes]</ref>

'''Neelie Kroes''' is the Vice President of the [[European Commission]] for the Digital Agenda of Europe. She is responsible for maintaining trust, security, and competitiveness in the Internet, new technologies, and communications markets on a global level. She also leads the development or world-class research and innovation in ICT and strives to bring digital access to broadband across Europe and maximize the use of internet for economic and social development.<ref>[http://ec.europa.eu/commission_2010-2014/kroes/about/cv/index_en.htm Neelie Kroes Curriculum Vitae]</ref> According to Forbes, she is one of the world's most powerful women.<ref>[http://www.forbes.com/lists/2009/11/power-women-09_Neelie-Kroes_41C2.html The 100 Most Powerful Women, Forbes]</ref>

==Career History==

==Career History==

Ms. Kroes worked as Assistant Professor for six years at Erasmus University in  Rotterdam, Netherlands. She served as Board Member of ZwaTra, a transportation business owned by her family.<ref>[http://www.elsevier.nl/web/10148316/Biografieen/Eurocommissarissen/Neelie-Kroes.htm Neelie Kroes Biography, Elsevier.nl]</ref> She began her political in 1970 after being elected as one of the Councilors of the Rotterdam Municipal Council. In 1971, she was elected as Representative to the Dutch Parliament. She served as Minister for Transport, Public Works and Telecommunication in from 1982-1989. Ms. Kroes also worked in the private sector. From 1991 to 2000, she was appointed president of the Nyenrode University. She also served as Board Member of Lucent Technologies, Volvo, and P&O Nedlloyd. Prior to her current position as Vice President for Digital Agenda for Europe, she was Commissioner for Competition for the European Commission until from 2004 to 2009.<ref>[http://ec.europa.eu/commission_2010-2014/kroes/about/cv/index_en.htm CV Neelie Kroes]</ref>

Ms. Kroes worked as Assistant Professor for six years at Erasmus University in  Rotterdam, Netherlands. She served as Board Member of ZwaTra, a transportation business owned by her family.<ref>[http://www.elsevier.nl/web/10148316/Biografieen/Eurocommissarissen/Neelie-Kroes.htm Neelie Kroes Biography, Elsevier.nl]</ref> She began her political in 1970 after being elected as one of the Councilors of the Rotterdam Municipal Council. In 1971, she was elected as Representative to the Dutch Parliament. She served as Minister for Transport, Public Works and Telecommunication in from 1982-1989. Ms. Kroes also worked in the private sector. From 1991 to 2000, she was appointed president of the Nyenrode University. She also served as Board Member of Lucent Technologies, Volvo, and P&O Nedlloyd. Prior to her current position as Vice President for Digital Agenda for Europe, she was Commissioner for Competition for the European Commission until from 2004 to 2009.<ref>[http://ec.europa.eu/commission_2010-2014/kroes/about/cv/index_en.htm CV Neelie Kroes]</ref>

==ICANN Involvement==

==ICANN Involvement==

On June 2011, Ms. Kroes expressed her disappointment regarding ICANN’s decision to implement the new gTLD program because it failed to address the public policy concerns raised by the European Commission and United States government regarding competition particularly on the issue of cross-ownership between Registries and Registrars. According to her, the “ICANN Board failed to provide responses on how it intended to address these concerns. ICANN went ahead and adopted its new guidelines.” She also noted that it was the “second time in a row that the ICANN Board disregards governmental advice on public policy issues.”  The first incident was ICANN’s approval of the [[.xxx]] top level domain name ([[TLD]]) last March 2011. Kroes pointed out that, “The lack of an adequate response on the part of ICANN Board clearly points to some deficiencies in the current functioning of the model. This calls for specific actions in order to remedy the situation.”<ref>

On June 2011, Ms. Kroes expressed her disappointment regarding ICANN’s decision to implement the new gTLD program because it failed to address the public policy concerns raised by the European Commission and United States government regarding competition particularly on the issue of cross-ownership between Registries and Registrars. According to her, the “ICANN Board failed to provide responses on how it intended to address these concerns. ICANN went ahead and adopted its new guidelines.” She also noted that it was the “second time in a row that the ICANN Board disregards governmental advice on public policy issues.”  The first incident was ICANN’s approval of the [[.xxx]] top level domain name ([[TLD]]) last March 2011. Kroes pointed out that, “The lack of an adequate response on the part of ICANN Board clearly points to some deficiencies in the current functioning of the model. This calls for specific actions in order to remedy the situation.”<ref>

[http://www.ip-watch.org/2011/06/22/eus-kroes-not-amused-by-icann-decision-on-tlds/ EU’s Kroes Not Amused By ICANN Decision On New TLDs]</ref>

[http://www.ip-watch.org/2011/06/22/eus-kroes-not-amused-by-icann-decision-on-tlds/ EU’s Kroes Not Amused By ICANN Decision On New TLDs]</ref>

==References==

==References==