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{{CompanyInfo|
| logo            = Netnod.jpg
| type            =
| industry        = Internet
| founded        = Sweden, 1997
| founders        =
| ownership      = TU-stiftelsen
| headquarters    = Franzéngatan 5, <br/>112 51 Stockholm
| country        = Sweden
| businesses      =
| products        =
| employees      =
| revenue        =
| website        = [http://www.netnod.se/ netnod.se]
| blog            =
| facebook        = [https://www.facebook.com/pages/NetNod/138220419541420 Netnod]
| linkedin        = [http://www.linkedin.com/groups?home=&gid=3663034 Netnod]
| twitter        = netnod
| keypeople      = Lars Michael Jogbäck, CEO<br/>Håkan Hellström, Operations Manager<br/>
[[Patrik Fältström]], Technical Director
}}


== Introduction ==
'''Netnod''' is a non-profit, independent Internet infrastructure organization based in Sweden. The company operates six Internet Exchange Points ([[IXP]]s) located in five major Swedish cities (Stockholm, Gothenburg, Malmo, Sundsvall and Luleå). Netnod handles among the highest amount of traffic per peer in Europe. It is fully [[IPv6]] enabled.


NETNOD is a technical internet infrastructure organization based in Sweden. It is a non-profit internet Infrastructure organization. It is an owned subsidiary of a foundation “Stiftelsen for Telmatikens Utveckling” also known as “TU Foundation”. It was brought in light in late 1996 and became operational in 1997. It operates six Internet exchange points at five locations based in Sweden. Also an operator of 13 logical DNS root name servers in the world. It also provides variety of value added services like RIPE Internet Routing Registry (IRR), Bredbandskollen, slave services for several DNS’s TLD’s. Some of the above mentioned services were offered by “Autonomica (a subsidiary of NETNOD). The basic aim of NETNOD is to work for commercial gain but for the betterment of the internet. The basic concept includes that a telecom operator should not have direct influence of a competing telecom operator. [3]
Netnod also has hands-on experience in providing value added services like [[RIPE NCC|RIPE]] Internet Routing Registry ([[IRR]]); Bredbandskollen, which is a speed test service; [[DNS]] [[Root Server|root server]] i.root-servers.net, which is the thirteenth ranked logical DNS Root Name Server; and distribution of Swedish official time through NTP (Network Time Protocol). It also provides anycast and unicast slave services to variety of [[TLD]]s worldwide with the help of its product DNSNODE.<ref>[http://www.netnod.se/about About Netnod]</ref>


== History ==
== History ==


It was established at Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm and operated by KTHNOC. It did have its own staff in the beginning and thus all the operations were outsourced to Swedish Military. In 2001 NETNOD fully owned “Autonomica”. It thus ran operations for NETNOD and the i.root-servers.net on behalf of NORDUnet and other Internet related research. The staff in the beginning focused on DNS and management and the operations were handed over to the Military. Finally, in 2002 the manpower rose and the contract with the military was ended. Now the entire operation is carried by NETNOD staff. [2][1]
* The first IXP in Sweden was set up in 1992 when three internet operators, the Swedish University’s Computer Network (SUNET), Telia, and Tele2, wanted to exchange traffic with each other. SUNET developed a neutral IXP based at Kungliga Tekniska Högskolan (KTH) in Stockholm to connect them all.
* In 1996, TU-Stiftelsen (Stiftelsen för Telematikens Utveckling) was founded to serve as an independent, stable, and common organization for the operation of Sweden's critical Internet functionality.
* In 1997, TU-Stiftelsen formed the subsidiary Netnod AS to manage the Stockholm IXP.
* As the Internet grew, Netnod formulated a second, independent exchange point in Stockholm in 1997.
* The Gothenberg exchange point was set up in 1998.
* In 1999, consultants of Netnod became active in the international Internet scene.
* In 2000 a subsidiary of Netnod was formed, named Autonomica. It focused on research and the smooth operation of .se’s slave servers at various exchange points. It also took over the responsibility of i.root-servers.net root name server from NORDUnet. Many of Netnod's services were offered by Autonomica.
* The Luleå exchange point was set up in 2003.
* In 2005, Netnod became fully [[DNSSEC]] capable, and began providing DNSSEC-enabled anycast services to .se. It was the first TLD in the world to deploy DNSSEC.<ref>[http://www.netnod.se/about/background Netnod Background]</ref>
* In 2010, Autonomica and Netnod were merged, leaving Netnod as the single name.<ref>[http://www.netnod.se/about About Netnod]</ref> In 2009, Netnod built DWDM system at the Telecity to reduce the cost of connecting to Netnod.
* Recently, Netnod installed two route servers in Stockholm to ease the process of peering administration for the operators. Recently, Netnod installed two route servers in Stockholm to ease the process of peering administration for the operators.<ref>[http://www.netnod.se/about/background Netnod Background]</ref>


== Physical Separation / Redundancy ==
== IX services ==


From the beginning, the IX operated by NETNOD was considered as the critical national infrastructure. As per their decision that the operations should not depend on Stockholm alone NETNOD established IXes in Stockholm, Gothenburg, Malmo, Lulea and Sandsvall. Also Stockholm should not be the focus point during nation crisis for exchanging traffic. The exchanges between the locations were independent and not linked. But the major Swedish providers were linked with all the four cities. [3]
Netnod is the largest IXP provider in Scandinavia and one of the oldest in Europe.


== Technology ==
Netnod's exchange points are categorized under layer 2 service built on Gigabit Ethernet technology. The connections are offered at the speed of 10Gbps or 1Gbps. This mode of service is preferred by most consumers as it offers a robust and reliable Internet exchange infrastructure. It also involves the direct exchange of traffic, bringing down the cost of transit and private interconnections. Additionally, if traffic from own of Netnod's IXPs interacts with another of their IXPs, costs are further brought down, speed is considerably increased, and redundancy is reduced.<ref>[http://www.netnod.se/ix Netnod IX]</ref>


The first exchange point so called D-GIX was a 10Mbit/sec switch. It consisted of two FDDI switches when replaced by NETNOD in Stockholm and Gothenburg. The SRP was implemented by NETNOD whose rings used to run at 2*622Mbit/sec. Soon they upgraded SRP to 2*2.5Gbit/sec and hence was successfully installed. This step captured all the major telecom operators. Major breakthrough was when they built Gigabit Ethernet and got quick response of 8 customers. Today each location is equipped with single chassis Gigabit Ethernet switches. (this is Wikipedia modified now decide the hyperlink)
== Board ==


== NETNOD Partners ==
Netnod’s board is responsible for strategy planning and adopting measures for the achievement of long term goals, as well as ensuring that ongoing activities will lead to a positive outcome. It also deals with such practical matters as deciding the annual budget. Board members are appointed by the foundation who owns the company, TU-stiftelsen. Board meetings are held six times a year.<ref>[http://www.netnod.se/about/board Netnod Board]</ref>


The list of regional, national and international organizations are:
== Partners and co-operation ==
# APTLD
# CENTR
# EPF
# Equinix
# U.S. Army Research Lab
# WIDE Project
# JPNAP
# ICANN
# SUNET
# Renater [5]


== NETNOD Board ==
Netnod partners with members of the worldwide Internet community as part of its mission, which is to work for the "Good of the Internet." A few of Netnod's many national, international and regional partners are:


The main focus is on strategies and management with long term goals and ensuring the ongoing activities are up to the mark to achieve the present goals. It also decides the annual budget and receives monthly financial update. The meetings are held at an interval of 6 in a year. Also it consists of a representative from the TU Foundation according to the promises made to the internet community. [4]
* [[APTLD]]
* [[APNIC]]
* [[CENTR]]
* [[EPF]]
* [[Euro-IX]]
* [[ICANN]]
* [[ISC]]
* [[JPNAP]]
* [[KIXP]]
* [[SUNET]]
* [[Renater]]
* [[Equinix]]
* [[Verisign]]<ref>[http://www.netnod.se/about/partners Netnod Partners]</ref>


== References ==


==References==
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}


[[Category: Sweden]]
[[Category: Organizations]]
[[Category: Organizations]]
__NOTOC__

Latest revision as of 20:00, 28 December 2020

Industry: Internet
Founded: Sweden, 1997
Ownership: TU-stiftelsen
Headquarters: Franzéngatan 5,
112 51 Stockholm
Country: Sweden
Website: netnod.se
Facebook: Netnod
LinkedIn: Netnod
Twitter: @netnod
Key People
Lars Michael Jogbäck, CEO
Håkan Hellström, Operations Manager

Patrik Fältström, Technical Director

Netnod is a non-profit, independent Internet infrastructure organization based in Sweden. The company operates six Internet Exchange Points (IXPs) located in five major Swedish cities (Stockholm, Gothenburg, Malmo, Sundsvall and Luleå). Netnod handles among the highest amount of traffic per peer in Europe. It is fully IPv6 enabled.

Netnod also has hands-on experience in providing value added services like RIPE Internet Routing Registry (IRR); Bredbandskollen, which is a speed test service; DNS root server i.root-servers.net, which is the thirteenth ranked logical DNS Root Name Server; and distribution of Swedish official time through NTP (Network Time Protocol). It also provides anycast and unicast slave services to variety of TLDs worldwide with the help of its product DNSNODE.[1]

History[edit | edit source]

  • The first IXP in Sweden was set up in 1992 when three internet operators, the Swedish University’s Computer Network (SUNET), Telia, and Tele2, wanted to exchange traffic with each other. SUNET developed a neutral IXP based at Kungliga Tekniska Högskolan (KTH) in Stockholm to connect them all.
  • In 1996, TU-Stiftelsen (Stiftelsen för Telematikens Utveckling) was founded to serve as an independent, stable, and common organization for the operation of Sweden's critical Internet functionality.
  • In 1997, TU-Stiftelsen formed the subsidiary Netnod AS to manage the Stockholm IXP.
  • As the Internet grew, Netnod formulated a second, independent exchange point in Stockholm in 1997.
  • The Gothenberg exchange point was set up in 1998.
  • In 1999, consultants of Netnod became active in the international Internet scene.
  • In 2000 a subsidiary of Netnod was formed, named Autonomica. It focused on research and the smooth operation of .se’s slave servers at various exchange points. It also took over the responsibility of i.root-servers.net root name server from NORDUnet. Many of Netnod's services were offered by Autonomica.
  • The Luleå exchange point was set up in 2003.
  • In 2005, Netnod became fully DNSSEC capable, and began providing DNSSEC-enabled anycast services to .se. It was the first TLD in the world to deploy DNSSEC.[2]
  • In 2010, Autonomica and Netnod were merged, leaving Netnod as the single name.[3] In 2009, Netnod built DWDM system at the Telecity to reduce the cost of connecting to Netnod.
  • Recently, Netnod installed two route servers in Stockholm to ease the process of peering administration for the operators. Recently, Netnod installed two route servers in Stockholm to ease the process of peering administration for the operators.[4]

IX services[edit | edit source]

Netnod is the largest IXP provider in Scandinavia and one of the oldest in Europe.

Netnod's exchange points are categorized under layer 2 service built on Gigabit Ethernet technology. The connections are offered at the speed of 10Gbps or 1Gbps. This mode of service is preferred by most consumers as it offers a robust and reliable Internet exchange infrastructure. It also involves the direct exchange of traffic, bringing down the cost of transit and private interconnections. Additionally, if traffic from own of Netnod's IXPs interacts with another of their IXPs, costs are further brought down, speed is considerably increased, and redundancy is reduced.[5]

Board[edit | edit source]

Netnod’s board is responsible for strategy planning and adopting measures for the achievement of long term goals, as well as ensuring that ongoing activities will lead to a positive outcome. It also deals with such practical matters as deciding the annual budget. Board members are appointed by the foundation who owns the company, TU-stiftelsen. Board meetings are held six times a year.[6]

Partners and co-operation[edit | edit source]

Netnod partners with members of the worldwide Internet community as part of its mission, which is to work for the "Good of the Internet." A few of Netnod's many national, international and regional partners are:

References[edit | edit source]