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'''ASO''' is the acronym for '''”Address Supporting Organization”''', which is one of the supporting organizations that was formed, according to [[ICANN]]'s bylaws, through community consensus. The main objective of the ASO is to review and develop [[IP|Internet Protocol]] recommendations, address policy, and advise the [[ICANN Board]].<ref>[http://aso.icann.org/ ASO definition]</ref>
{{CompanyInfo|
| logo            =ASO logo.png
| type            = Supporting Organization
| industry        = IP Addresses
| founded        = 1999
| founder(s)      = [[NRO]]
| purchase        =
| ownership      =
| headquarters    =
| country        =
| products        =
| employees      =
| revenue        =
| businesses      =
| website        = [http://aso.icann.org/ ASO.ICANN.org]
| keypeople      =
| twitter        =
}}
The '''Address Supporting Organization''' (ASO) is mandated with reviewing and developing recommendations for policies on [[Internet Protocol]] addresses and advising the [[ICANN Board]] on issues related to their operation, assignment, and management.<ref>[http://aso.icann.org/ ASO definition]</ref>


==Overview==
==Overview==
It was created in 1999 and the members of ASO represent the Address Council. Representative from each of the five [[RIR]] (Regional Internet Registries) are part of ASO and two of these members are the nominated by the [[ ICANN]] Board of Directors.  
Established in 1999, the ASO is one of three [[Supporting Organizations]] (SOs) called for in the [[ICANN Bylaws]]. It brought ICANN into the policymaking over global address space issues already underway among the Internet registries of Asia/Pacific, North America, and Europe.<ref>[https://aso.icann.org/about/history/ ASO History]</ref> The ASO oversees IP address policy development with the help of the Number Resource Organization ([[NRO]]). While they are closely linked, the ASO and the NRO have different responsibilities.
The NRO was established in 2003 to coordinate the world’s Regional Internet Registries ([[RIR]]s).
The RIRs manage the distribution of Internet number resources (IP address space and Autonomous System Numbers) within their respective regions. There are five autonomous RIRs:
* [[AFRINIC]]
* [[APNIC]]
* [[ARIN]]
* [[LACNIC]]
* [[RIPE NCC]]
Each of the RIRs independently elects 3 volunteers to form the 15-member NRO Number Council (NC), which also serves as the ASO Address Council within the ICANN structure.<ref>[https://aso.icann.org/about/aso-and-nro/ ASO and NRO]</ref>
 
== Policy Process==
[[File:ASO policy-process-diagram.jpg|655px|thumbnail|right|ASO Policy Progress (Image from ICANN.org)]]Global policies govern how Public Technical Identifiers ([[PTI]]) issue Internet number resources to the RIRs, which then distribute them among their members based on regional policies.
 
===Global Policies===
The ASO does not directly develop policy on Internet number resources but instead ensures that each RIR follows its Policy Development Processes. Global policies are made when there is agreement among all of the RIRs according to their policy development processes and ICANN and require specific actions on the part of [[PTI]] to be implemented.<ref>[https://aso.icann.org/about-the-aso/ About the ASO]</ref>
 
====GPDP====
The global numbers community uses the Global Policy Development Process (GPDP) to guide the [[PTI]] on what actions to take. The steps of the GPDP are as follows:
#  Anyone can submit a global policy proposal to one of the RIR policy fora (via a mail list or public policy meeting) or the ASO AC directly.
# The members of the AC will then request that the global policy proposal be placed on the agenda for the next open policy meeting in each region.
# After consideration of the proposal at each of the RIR meetings, the staff of the RIRs will work together with the policy proposer to document the common elements.
#The common text will be ratified by each RIR.
#The ratified common text is forwarded to the ASO AC, which will either
#:a. pass it to the ICANN Board for ratification as a global policy, or
#:b. advise the [[NRO]] Executive Council that the Address Council has concerns and that the proposal requires further review within the public policy development process, or
#:c. request the NRO Executive Council for a time extension.
#If the AC passes the proposal onto ICANN Board, the directors will review it and consult with the AC or RIRs through the NRO as well as other ICANN bodies, if necessary.
# After 60 days, the ICANN Board will
#:a. accept the proposal by a simple majority vote, or
#:b. reject the proposed policy by a supermajority (2/3) vote, or
#:c. by a simple majority vote request changes to the proposed policy, or
#:d. take no action, ''in which case the proposal becomes global policy''.
#If the ICANN Board rejects the proposal, it must provide the ASO a document of its reasoning and concerns within 60 days.
#After deliberation among the RIRs, the NRO Executive Council can indicate to the ASO that it should submit a modified or the same proposal to the ICANN Board.
#The resubmitted proposal becomes global policy unless the ICANN Board rejects it by a supermajority (2/3) vote; if it is rejected, the RIRs and ICANN enter into mediation.<ref>[https://aso.icann.org/policy/global/global-policy-development-process/ ASO GPDP]</ref>
 
===Regional Policies===
Each RIR distributes Internet number resources to its members according to policies that have been defined by its regional community.
Each RIR community proposes, discusses, accepts, or rejects policies using a consensus-based policy development process. Anyone can submit a policy proposal for consideration as RIR membership is not required.<ref>[https://aso.icann.org/policy/regional/ ASO Regional Policymaking]</ref> Every RIR has its own regional policy development policy. However, there are several aspects that all of the RIR PDPs have in common:
# RIRs facilitate the policy development process; they do ''not'' propose, develop, reject, or accept policy proposals.
# Discussions on public mailings lists and at meetings are an important part of the policy-making process.
# Community consensus is required for a proposal to become policy or for an amendment to an existing policy. Any arguments or objections must be addressed before a proposal/amendment is adopted.
# Every RIR is bound to execute the policies that have been developed by its community.<ref>[https://www.nro.net/policy/regional/ NRO Description of Regional Policymaking]</ref>


== ASO History==
== ASO History==
The development of ASO started in July 1999 when the three RIR (Regional Internet Registries) which existed then, APNIC, ARIN and RIPE NCC decided to submit their proposal for the creation of ASO on the basis of Memorandum of Understanding (where the purpose of scope and ASO are being mentioned as well as the composition and action of Address Council).  
In July 1999, when the three [[RIR|Regional Internet Registries]] which existed then, [[APNIC]], [[ARIN]], and [[RIPE NCC]] submitted their proposal for the creation of the ASO on the basis of the [[MoU|Memorandum of Understanding]]; which allows for the creation of a body such as the ASO as an extension of the [[NRO]].
Next, on August 26th year 1999 [[ICANN]] approved the proposal so that on October 18th the ASO was created when the representatives of APNIC, ARIN, RIPE NCC and ICANN signed the MoU. WhenLACNIC was recognized as an RIR and was created, its representatives also signed the MoU – this happened in October 30 year 2002. The Memorandum of Understanding was modified and signed between [[ICANn]] and the Number Resource Organization(NRO) which signed on behalf of all RIRs – this occurred in October 21st year 2004. When ICANN decided to recognize AfriNIC as the fifth RIR at worldwide level, the representatives of AfriNIC also signed the MoU as well as with the NRO in order to become a NRO member. <ref>[http://aso.icann.org/internet-community/history-of-the-aso/  ASO History]</ref> These are the most important events and moments of the creation and development of ASO.
 
[[ICANN]] approved the proposal at its meeting in Chile, and the ASO was subsequently created in October 1999, when the representatives of APNIC, ARIN, RIPE NCC, and ICANN signed the MoU. LACNIC was later recognized as the 4th [[RIR]] and it signed the agreement on October 30th, 2002. The Memorandum of Understanding was modified in October 2004, and signed by [[ICANN]] and the [[NRO]], which signed on behalf of all the RIRs. When ICANN decided to recognize [[AfriNIC]] as the fifth global RIR the representatives of AfriNIC signed the MoU, and it was incorporated as the 5th NRO member.<ref>[https://aso.icann.org/about-the-aso/history/  ASO History]</ref>


==ASO Address Council==
==ASO Address Council==
The composition of the Address Council is made of members of NRO Council (Number Resource Organization). In order to understand the global policy development process there are plenty of documents and explanations related to the process description where there are mentioned the implications of RIR, ASO, ICANN and other such organization within the development process.
The main responsibilities of the ASO Address Council are:
The main responsibilities of ASO Address Council are listed below:
# Fulfilling its role in the [http://aso.icann.org/global-policies/ global policy] development process based on the requirements included in this process;
# Fulfilling its role in the global policy development process based on the requirements included in this process;
# Maintaining communication with [[ICANN]] and providing recommendations related to various policies and [[RIR]] recognition;
# Maintaining communication with [[ICANN]] and providing recommendations related to various policies and [[RIR]] recognition;
#Ensuring full support, guidance and advice for [[ICANN]]’s Board related to the allocation policy for number resource;
#Ensuring full support, guidance, and advice for [[ICANN Board|ICANN's Board]] related to the allocation policy for number resource;
# The development of procedures for business management and support their responsibilities especially in the case of Address Council Chair. <ref>[http://www.icann.org/en/aso/aso-mou-29oct04.htm ASO Address Council Responsibilities]</ref>
# The development of procedures for business management and support their responsibilities especially in the case of Address Council Chair. <ref>[http://www.icann.org/en/aso/aso-mou-29oct04.htm ASO Address Council Responsibilities]</ref>
===Address Council Members===
The council consists of 15 members, with three members from each of the five [[RIR]]s, with two being selected by each RIR's regional policy forum and one selected by each RIR Executive Board.<ref>[https://aso.icann.org/advisory-council/address-council-members/ ASO Advisory Council Members]</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
! AC Member !! RIR !! Start Date !! End Date
|-
| [[Saul Stein]] || AFRINIC || Jan 2021 || 31 Dec 2023
|-
| [[Gaurav Kansal]] || APNIC || Jan 2023 || 31 Dec 2024
|-
| [[Nicole Chan]]* (Vice Chair) || APNIC || Jan 2022 || 31 Dec 2023
|-
| [[Di Ma]] || APNIC || Jan 2022 || 31 Dec 2023
|-
| [[Kevin Blumberg]]* || ARIN || Jan 2021 || 31 Dec 2023
|-
| [[Nick Nugent]] || ARIN || Jan 2023 || 31 Dec 2025
|-
| [[Chris Quesada]]  || ARIN || Jan 2022 || 31 Dec 2023
|-
| [[Esteban Lescano]]* || LACNIC || April 2022 || 31 Mar 2023
|-
| [[Ricardo Patara]] (Vice Chair)  || LACNIC || Jan 2022 || 31 Dec 2024
|-
| [[Jorge Villa]]|| LACNIC || Jan 2021 || 31 Dec 2023
|-
| [[Herve Clement]]* (Chair) || RIPE NCC || Jan 2021 || 31 Dec 2023
|-
| [[Sander Steffann]] || RIPE NCC || Jan 2022 || 31 Dec 2024
|-
| [[James Kennedy]] || RIPE NCC || Jun 2021 || 31 Dec 2025
|}
<nowiki>*Board-appointed member to the ASO AC</nowiki>
==ICANN Board members==
Consistent with the ASO Memorandum of Understanding and ICANN Bylaws, the Address Supporting Organization Address Council (ASO AC) is responsible for appointing seats nine and ten to the [[ICANN Board]] of Directors.
For more information about the selection processes for current and previous appointments please follow the link.<ref>[https://aso.icann.org/aso-icann/icann-board-elections// ICANN Board Seat Up For Re-election]</ref>
== Related Pages ==
* [[NRO]]
* [[GNSO]]
* [[ccNSO]]


==Reference==
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}


[[Category: Glossary]]
[[Category: ICANN Bodies]]
__FORCETOC__

Latest revision as of 18:20, 24 April 2023

Type: Supporting Organization
Industry: IP Addresses
Founded: 1999
Website: ASO.ICANN.org

The Address Supporting Organization (ASO) is mandated with reviewing and developing recommendations for policies on Internet Protocol addresses and advising the ICANN Board on issues related to their operation, assignment, and management.[1]

Overview[edit | edit source]

Established in 1999, the ASO is one of three Supporting Organizations (SOs) called for in the ICANN Bylaws. It brought ICANN into the policymaking over global address space issues already underway among the Internet registries of Asia/Pacific, North America, and Europe.[2] The ASO oversees IP address policy development with the help of the Number Resource Organization (NRO). While they are closely linked, the ASO and the NRO have different responsibilities. The NRO was established in 2003 to coordinate the world’s Regional Internet Registries (RIRs). The RIRs manage the distribution of Internet number resources (IP address space and Autonomous System Numbers) within their respective regions. There are five autonomous RIRs:

Each of the RIRs independently elects 3 volunteers to form the 15-member NRO Number Council (NC), which also serves as the ASO Address Council within the ICANN structure.[3]

Policy Process[edit | edit source]

ASO Policy Progress (Image from ICANN.org)

Global policies govern how Public Technical Identifiers (PTI) issue Internet number resources to the RIRs, which then distribute them among their members based on regional policies.

Global Policies[edit | edit source]

The ASO does not directly develop policy on Internet number resources but instead ensures that each RIR follows its Policy Development Processes. Global policies are made when there is agreement among all of the RIRs according to their policy development processes and ICANN and require specific actions on the part of PTI to be implemented.[4]

GPDP[edit | edit source]

The global numbers community uses the Global Policy Development Process (GPDP) to guide the PTI on what actions to take. The steps of the GPDP are as follows:

  1. Anyone can submit a global policy proposal to one of the RIR policy fora (via a mail list or public policy meeting) or the ASO AC directly.
  2. The members of the AC will then request that the global policy proposal be placed on the agenda for the next open policy meeting in each region.
  3. After consideration of the proposal at each of the RIR meetings, the staff of the RIRs will work together with the policy proposer to document the common elements.
  4. The common text will be ratified by each RIR.
  5. The ratified common text is forwarded to the ASO AC, which will either
    a. pass it to the ICANN Board for ratification as a global policy, or
    b. advise the NRO Executive Council that the Address Council has concerns and that the proposal requires further review within the public policy development process, or
    c. request the NRO Executive Council for a time extension.
  6. If the AC passes the proposal onto ICANN Board, the directors will review it and consult with the AC or RIRs through the NRO as well as other ICANN bodies, if necessary.
  7. After 60 days, the ICANN Board will
    a. accept the proposal by a simple majority vote, or
    b. reject the proposed policy by a supermajority (2/3) vote, or
    c. by a simple majority vote request changes to the proposed policy, or
    d. take no action, in which case the proposal becomes global policy.
  8. If the ICANN Board rejects the proposal, it must provide the ASO a document of its reasoning and concerns within 60 days.
  9. After deliberation among the RIRs, the NRO Executive Council can indicate to the ASO that it should submit a modified or the same proposal to the ICANN Board.
  10. The resubmitted proposal becomes global policy unless the ICANN Board rejects it by a supermajority (2/3) vote; if it is rejected, the RIRs and ICANN enter into mediation.[5]

Regional Policies[edit | edit source]

Each RIR distributes Internet number resources to its members according to policies that have been defined by its regional community. Each RIR community proposes, discusses, accepts, or rejects policies using a consensus-based policy development process. Anyone can submit a policy proposal for consideration as RIR membership is not required.[6] Every RIR has its own regional policy development policy. However, there are several aspects that all of the RIR PDPs have in common:

  1. RIRs facilitate the policy development process; they do not propose, develop, reject, or accept policy proposals.
  2. Discussions on public mailings lists and at meetings are an important part of the policy-making process.
  3. Community consensus is required for a proposal to become policy or for an amendment to an existing policy. Any arguments or objections must be addressed before a proposal/amendment is adopted.
  4. Every RIR is bound to execute the policies that have been developed by its community.[7]

ASO History[edit | edit source]

In July 1999, when the three Regional Internet Registries which existed then, APNIC, ARIN, and RIPE NCC submitted their proposal for the creation of the ASO on the basis of the Memorandum of Understanding; which allows for the creation of a body such as the ASO as an extension of the NRO.

ICANN approved the proposal at its meeting in Chile, and the ASO was subsequently created in October 1999, when the representatives of APNIC, ARIN, RIPE NCC, and ICANN signed the MoU. LACNIC was later recognized as the 4th RIR and it signed the agreement on October 30th, 2002. The Memorandum of Understanding was modified in October 2004, and signed by ICANN and the NRO, which signed on behalf of all the RIRs. When ICANN decided to recognize AfriNIC as the fifth global RIR the representatives of AfriNIC signed the MoU, and it was incorporated as the 5th NRO member.[8]

ASO Address Council[edit | edit source]

The main responsibilities of the ASO Address Council are:

  1. Fulfilling its role in the global policy development process based on the requirements included in this process;
  2. Maintaining communication with ICANN and providing recommendations related to various policies and RIR recognition;
  3. Ensuring full support, guidance, and advice for ICANN's Board related to the allocation policy for number resource;
  4. The development of procedures for business management and support their responsibilities especially in the case of Address Council Chair. [9]

Address Council Members[edit | edit source]

The council consists of 15 members, with three members from each of the five RIRs, with two being selected by each RIR's regional policy forum and one selected by each RIR Executive Board.[10]

AC Member RIR Start Date End Date
Saul Stein AFRINIC Jan 2021 31 Dec 2023
Gaurav Kansal APNIC Jan 2023 31 Dec 2024
Nicole Chan* (Vice Chair) APNIC Jan 2022 31 Dec 2023
Di Ma APNIC Jan 2022 31 Dec 2023
Kevin Blumberg* ARIN Jan 2021 31 Dec 2023
Nick Nugent ARIN Jan 2023 31 Dec 2025
Chris Quesada ARIN Jan 2022 31 Dec 2023
Esteban Lescano* LACNIC April 2022 31 Mar 2023
Ricardo Patara (Vice Chair) LACNIC Jan 2022 31 Dec 2024
Jorge Villa LACNIC Jan 2021 31 Dec 2023
Herve Clement* (Chair) RIPE NCC Jan 2021 31 Dec 2023
Sander Steffann RIPE NCC Jan 2022 31 Dec 2024
James Kennedy RIPE NCC Jun 2021 31 Dec 2025

*Board-appointed member to the ASO AC

ICANN Board members[edit | edit source]

Consistent with the ASO Memorandum of Understanding and ICANN Bylaws, the Address Supporting Organization Address Council (ASO AC) is responsible for appointing seats nine and ten to the ICANN Board of Directors. For more information about the selection processes for current and previous appointments please follow the link.[11]

Related Pages[edit | edit source]

References[edit | edit source]

Address Supporting Organization. Advises the Board with respect to policy issues relating to the operation, assignment, and management of Internet addresses (ICANN Bylaws).

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