.nu: Difference between revisions
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==Ownership Dispute== | ==Ownership Dispute== | ||
===Early History=== | ===Early History=== | ||
The domain was originally delegated to the nonprofit [[Internet Users Society - Niue]] (IUS-N), organized by [[Bill Semich]], in 1997.<ref name="biau">[https://www.businessinsider.com.au/niue-nu- | The domain was originally delegated to the nonprofit [[Internet Users Society - Niue]] (IUS-N), organized by [[Bill Semich]], in 1997.<ref name="biau">[https://www.businessinsider.com.au/niue-nu-internet-domain-reclaim-2020-12 Business Insider AU - 'Digital colonisation': A tiny island nation just launched a major effort to win back control of its top-level internet domain, Dec. 16, 2020]</ref><ref name="afnu">[https://www.icann.org/en/about/agreements/cctlds/nu/nu-icann-af-16jan08-en.pdf .nu Accountability Framework (PDF)]</ref> As an IT news professional, Semich identified domain ownership as a "business opportunity" and became interested in the domain name industry. He found such an opportunity in .nu.<ref name="ppg">[https://www.post-gazette.com/business/tech-news/2006/03/29/On-a-tiny-island-catchy-Web-name-sparks-a-battle/stories/200603290178 Pittsburgh Post Gazette, March 29, 2006: On a Tiny Island, Catchy Web Name Sparks a Battle]</ref> Semich's interest coincided with the international interest in and eventual formation of a governing body for domain names - [[ICANN]].<ref name="ppg" /> An active participant in the early development of ICANN, Semich was appointed to the [[DNSO]]'s Names Council in 1999.<ref>[https://nunames.nu/press-release/appointed-to-icann/ Nunames.nu Press Release, August 4, 1999]</ref> ICANN and IUS-N entered into an Accountability Framework regarding the maintenance and operation of the .nu domain in 2008.<ref name="afnu" /> Semich's company [[WorldNames]] provided the technical back-end for .nu until 2013.<ref name="DIwifi">[http://domainincite.com/4357-niue-the-myth-of-the-wifi-nation Domain Incite, April 22, 2011: Niue: the myth of the 'Wifi Nation']</ref> In 2013, WorldNames transferred technical control of the domain to [[Internetstiftelsen i Sverige|IIS]].<ref>[https://nunames.nu/press-release/worldnames-selects-dot-se/ Nunames.nu Press Release, January 9, 2013]</ref> | ||
===Benefits to Niue=== | ===Benefits to Niue=== | ||
IUS-N's primary activities on the island of Niue have been aimed at providing "free wifi" for the residents of the island. Internet Niue was founded in 1997 alongside IUS-N, and provides wireless | IUS-N's primary activities on the island of Niue have been aimed at providing "free wifi" for the residents of the island. Internet Niue was founded in 1997 alongside IUS-N, and provides wireless internet access at no charge after initial setup costs.<ref>[http://internetniue.nu/about/ InternetNiue.nu - "About" page]</ref> The service received worldwide press attention in 2003 when it announced that it had developed a nationwide, freely accessible wireless network.<ref>See, e.g. [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/technology/3020158.stm BBC News - 'Polynesians get free wireless web']</ref> However, this claim has since been subject to skepticism amid reports that the wireless service has not been stable or even available in many areas.<ref name="DIwifi" /> | ||
===Litigation & Administrative Efforts at Redelegation=== | ===Litigation & Administrative Efforts at Redelegation=== | ||
In December 2020, it was announced that Niue had initiated a proceeding asking [[ICANN]] to redelegate the TLD to its control.<ref name="biau" /> On December 8, 2020, Niue send its redelegation request to [[IANA]]; due to the "complexity and merits of the...matter," Niue also sent the document to the [[ICANN]] board of directors, the [[ccNSO]], and the [[GAC]].<ref name ="rfr">[https://icannwiki.org/images/2/2c/NU_Redelegation_Request.pdf Revocation and Redelegation Request Regarding the ccTLD .NU (PDF)]</ref> Active redelegation proceedings are exempt from [[Transparency|ICANN's transparency rules]]; it has been speculated that this is one of the reasons that Niue is broadcasting its request to multiple ICANN bodies, as well as the media.<ref>[http://domainincite.com/26160-island-demands-return-of-its-naked-cctld Domain Incite: Island Demands Return of its "Naked" ccTLD]</ref> | In December 2020, it was announced that Niue had initiated a proceeding asking [[ICANN]] to redelegate the TLD to its control.<ref name="biau" /> On December 8, 2020, Niue send its redelegation request to [[IANA]]; due to the "complexity and merits of the...matter," Niue also sent the document to the [[ICANN]] board of directors, the [[ccNSO]], and the [[GAC]].<ref name ="rfr">[https://icannwiki.org/images/2/2c/NU_Redelegation_Request.pdf Revocation and Redelegation Request Regarding the ccTLD .NU (PDF)]</ref> Active redelegation proceedings are exempt from [[Transparency|ICANN's transparency rules]]; it has been speculated that this is one of the reasons that Niue is broadcasting its request to multiple ICANN bodies, as well as the media.<ref>[http://domainincite.com/26160-island-demands-return-of-its-naked-cctld Domain Incite: Island Demands Return of its "Naked" ccTLD]</ref> | ||
Revision as of 19:24, 7 May 2024
.nu is the ccTLD for the country of Niue. The TLD is currently operated by Internetstiftelsen i Sverige, the organization responsible for the management of Sweden's .se TLD.[1]
Ownership Dispute[edit | edit source]
Early History[edit | edit source]
The domain was originally delegated to the nonprofit Internet Users Society - Niue (IUS-N), organized by Bill Semich, in 1997.[2][3] As an IT news professional, Semich identified domain ownership as a "business opportunity" and became interested in the domain name industry. He found such an opportunity in .nu.[4] Semich's interest coincided with the international interest in and eventual formation of a governing body for domain names - ICANN.[4] An active participant in the early development of ICANN, Semich was appointed to the DNSO's Names Council in 1999.[5] ICANN and IUS-N entered into an Accountability Framework regarding the maintenance and operation of the .nu domain in 2008.[3] Semich's company WorldNames provided the technical back-end for .nu until 2013.[6] In 2013, WorldNames transferred technical control of the domain to IIS.[7]
Benefits to Niue[edit | edit source]
IUS-N's primary activities on the island of Niue have been aimed at providing "free wifi" for the residents of the island. Internet Niue was founded in 1997 alongside IUS-N, and provides wireless internet access at no charge after initial setup costs.[8] The service received worldwide press attention in 2003 when it announced that it had developed a nationwide, freely accessible wireless network.[9] However, this claim has since been subject to skepticism amid reports that the wireless service has not been stable or even available in many areas.[6]
Litigation & Administrative Efforts at Redelegation[edit | edit source]
In December 2020, it was announced that Niue had initiated a proceeding asking ICANN to redelegate the TLD to its control.[2] On December 8, 2020, Niue send its redelegation request to IANA; due to the "complexity and merits of the...matter," Niue also sent the document to the ICANN board of directors, the ccNSO, and the GAC.[10] Active redelegation proceedings are exempt from ICANN's transparency rules; it has been speculated that this is one of the reasons that Niue is broadcasting its request to multiple ICANN bodies, as well as the media.[11]
In February 2022, the Supreme Court of Sweden confirmed that the Government of Niue has standing to sue, despite a lower court ruling in favor of .nu registry IIS’s claims to the contrary two years earlier.[12]
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ IANA Root Database
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Business Insider AU - 'Digital colonisation': A tiny island nation just launched a major effort to win back control of its top-level internet domain, Dec. 16, 2020
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 .nu Accountability Framework (PDF)
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Pittsburgh Post Gazette, March 29, 2006: On a Tiny Island, Catchy Web Name Sparks a Battle
- ↑ Nunames.nu Press Release, August 4, 1999
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Domain Incite, April 22, 2011: Niue: the myth of the 'Wifi Nation'
- ↑ Nunames.nu Press Release, January 9, 2013
- ↑ InternetNiue.nu - "About" page
- ↑ See, e.g. BBC News - 'Polynesians get free wireless web'
- ↑ Revocation and Redelegation Request Regarding the ccTLD .NU (PDF)
- ↑ Domain Incite: Island Demands Return of its "Naked" ccTLD
- ↑ Supreme Court Allows Fight for .Nu to Continue, DomainIncite