International Standards Organization
 | |
| Type: | Non-Governmental Organization |
| Industry: | International Standardization |
| Founded: | February 23, 1947 |
| Headquarters: | Geneva |
| Country: | Switzerland |
| Website: | www.iso.org |
| Key People | |
| Dr. Boris Aleshin, President Mr. Sadao Takeda, Vice-President Policy Mr. Jacob Holmblad, VP Technical Management Mr. Julien Pitton, Treasurer Mr. Rob Steele, Sec. General-CEO | |
'International Standards Organization (ISO) is a non-government organization composed of a network of national standards institute from 162 countries. ISO develops, publishes and holds the largest repository of international standards. The founders of the ISO derived the name of the organizatio from the greek word "isos" which means equal. English, French and Russian are the official languages used by ISO. Its headquarters is located in Geneva, Switzerland.[1]
Historical Background[edit | edit source]
ISO was officially established on February 23, 1947. The establishment of the organization was a result of the meeting in London which ws attended by delegates from 25 countries. ISO was basically formed when the International Federation of the National Standardizing Associations (ISA) and the United Nations Standards Coordinating Committee (UNSCC) combined.[2] Upon its establishment in 1947, a meeting in Paris was held and 67 ISO technical committees were recommended. During that time, the early members idea for international standardization was to base it from the existing standards and re-implement it nationally as Recommendations. The first general assembly of the ISO was held in Paris in 1949.[3] ISO's membership started to increase from developing countries within the next ten years. The International standards that was created in the 1950s to 60s were highly beneficial to developing countries because it offers a vast information about technology however, developing countries were unable to use these international standards because they don't have established industrial infrastructures, related technical components and adequate financial and technical resources.The DEVCO Committee was established in 1961 in response to the needs of its members from developing nations.In 1968, the Correspondent Member was created as a category for organizations from countries that do not have a fully developed national standards. These members do no participate in the technical and policy development work of the ISO but received full information on issues relevant to their organization. [4] [5] In 1992, the Subscriber Member was created for a minimum fee to enable very small economy countries to become part of the ISO.[6] In 1971, ISO started to publish its technical works as International Standards. This paved the way to the expansion of the organization and became actively involved in international communities and became an international specialized organization.[7] At present, ISO is one of the three primary organizations providing international standardization together with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) and International Telecommunication Union (ITU}. ISO maintains that its international standards comply with the WTO Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade.[8]
Governance & Operation[edit | edit source]
A five-year strategic plan approved by its members serves as a guideline in the operations of the organization. The membership of the organization is divided into three categories: [9]
- Members Bodies which has the only right to vote
- Correspondent Members
- Subscriber Members.
The General Assembly is the highest authority of the organization, which is composed of its Principal officers and delegates appointed by the member bodies. Members of the General Assembly meet every year. The governance of ISO is handled by The Council which meets twice a year and is composed of different policy development committees including:[10]
- Conformity Assessment Committee (CASCO)
- Consumer Policy Committee (COPOLCO)
- Committee for Developing Country matters (DEVCO)
The Technical Management Board (TMB) handles the entire management of the technical work as well as some of the organizations' strategic and technical advisory groups and it reports to the Council.Meanwhile, the Secretary General (CEO) manages the operations at the ISO Central Secretariat Office in Geneva.
The ISO Central Secretariat has a small staff who are tasked to provide administrative and technical support to the ISO Members. It is also responsible in coordinating and publishing the output of the decentralized standards' development program and serves as the secretariat of the governing bodies, policy development committees and their subsidiary bodies.[11]