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The '''Internet Assigned Numbers Authority''' is the entity that manages the allocation of global [[IP Address]]es, [[Root Zone|root zone]] management related to [[DNS]] (Domain Name System) and other Internet Protocols ([[IP]]). | |||
==Short overview== | ==Short overview== | ||
As the Internet evolved | As the Internet evolved, there was a need for a centralized organization which would fulfill the followings tasks/needs: | ||
* To take responsibility for managing parameters | * To take responsibility for managing parameters | ||
* To make sure that everyone uses the same protocols and parameters | * To make sure that everyone uses the same protocols and parameters | ||
* To coordinate the assignment of identifiers | * To coordinate the assignment of identifiers | ||
* To ensure that the creation and allocation of addresses and domain | * To ensure that the creation and allocation of [[IP Address|addresses]] and [[Domain Name|domain names]] is done accurately, based on principles which are acceptable for everyone. | ||
The organization which was responsible for | The organization which was responsible for these tasks/needs is IANA. Due to the Internet growth during the 1990's there was also the need for an organization that would take responsibility over the central registration of domain names and addresses. This is how [[ICANN]] (Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers) was created. <ref>[http://www.tcpipguide.com/free/t_InternetRegistrationAuthoritiesandRegistriesIANAIC-2.htm IANA creations]</ref> | ||
[[ICANN]] is responsible for the centralization of registration tasks related to [[IP Address|IP addresses]], [[DNS]] assignment and protocol parameters management, but [[ICANN]] does not replace IANA. There are many differences between [[ICANN]] and IANA, especially regarding their attributions, objectives and responsibilities. | |||
===IANA vs ICANN=== | ===IANA vs ICANN=== | ||
'''IANA''' is the institution which runs [[TLD]]s (Top-Level Domains) and deals with the assignment of IP addresses and ranges, ports, and other related attributes.<ref>[http://www.mcanerin.com/en/articles/gTLD.asp IANA attributions]</ref> | * '''IANA''' is the institution which runs [[TLD]]s (Top-Level Domains) and deals with the assignment of IP addresses and ranges, ports, and other related attributes.<ref>[http://www.mcanerin.com/en/articles/gTLD.asp IANA attributions]</ref> | ||
'''[[ICANN]]''', based on the Memorandum of Understanding (MoU), is the institution which runs IANA. | |||
* '''[[ICANN]]''', based on the Memorandum of Understanding ([[MoU]]), is the institution which runs IANA. | |||
==IANA objectives== | ==IANA objectives== | ||
* Besides managing the [[DNS]] root zone, IANA also manages the .int registry, and the .arpa zone; | * Besides managing the [[DNS]] root zone, IANA also manages the .int registry, and the .arpa zone; | ||
* Regarding number resources, IANA is entitled to coordinate the global IP respectively AS number space, allocating these to [[RIR]]s (Regional Internet Registries); | * Regarding number resources, IANA is entitled to coordinate the global IP respectively AS number space, allocating these to [[RIR]]s (Regional Internet Registries); | ||
* | * IANA represents the main repository for number registries and protocol names. <ref>[http://www.iana.org/ IANA Objectives]</ref> | ||
===Domain Names=== | ===Domain Names=== | ||
IANA is responsible for the administration of domain names which involves liaisons of [[TLD]] operators, with root name server operators, as well as operating with .int and .arpa zone. | IANA is responsible for the administration of [[Domain Name|domain names]] which involves liaisons of [[TLD]] operators, with root name server operators, as well as operating with [[.int]] and [[.arpa]] zone. | ||
In order to enable and better manage the allocation of Internationalized Domain Names ([[IDN]]s), IANA developed "[[IDN]] tables" which supply information related to admitted characters in different languages and other [[TLD]] related information. <ref>[http://www.iana.org/domains/ IANA domains]</ref> | In order to enable and better manage the allocation of Internationalized Domain Names ([[IDN]]s), IANA developed "[[IDN]] tables" which supply information related to admitted characters in different languages and other [[TLD]] related information. <ref>[http://www.iana.org/domains/ IANA domains]</ref> | ||
===Protocol parameters=== | ===Protocol parameters=== | ||
Based on [[IETF]] protocols, IANA is responsible with the administration of URI schemes (Uniform Resource Identifier) and character encoding for Internet use. | Based on [[IETF]] protocols, IANA is responsible with the administration of [[URI]] schemes (Uniform Resource Identifier) and character encoding for Internet use. | ||
===IP Address=== | ===IP Address=== | ||
IANA is responsible | IANA is responsible for the delegation of [[IP Address]]es to [[RIR]]s. In their turn, each [[RIR]] (Regional Internet Registry) is responsible for the allocation of IP addresses depending on the zone/area they are managing. In the same way, when a RIR requests for more IP Addresses for allocation, IANA evaluates the request and is able to make an additional allocation for [[RIR]]. <ref>[http://www.iana.org/numbers/ IANA IP Addresses]</ref> | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 06:34, 18 February 2011
The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority is the entity that manages the allocation of global IP Addresses, root zone management related to DNS (Domain Name System) and other Internet Protocols (IP).
Short overview[edit | edit source]
As the Internet evolved, there was a need for a centralized organization which would fulfill the followings tasks/needs:
- To take responsibility for managing parameters
- To make sure that everyone uses the same protocols and parameters
- To coordinate the assignment of identifiers
- To ensure that the creation and allocation of addresses and domain names is done accurately, based on principles which are acceptable for everyone.
The organization which was responsible for these tasks/needs is IANA. Due to the Internet growth during the 1990's there was also the need for an organization that would take responsibility over the central registration of domain names and addresses. This is how ICANN (Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers) was created. [1]
ICANN is responsible for the centralization of registration tasks related to IP addresses, DNS assignment and protocol parameters management, but ICANN does not replace IANA. There are many differences between ICANN and IANA, especially regarding their attributions, objectives and responsibilities.
IANA vs ICANN[edit | edit source]
- IANA is the institution which runs TLDs (Top-Level Domains) and deals with the assignment of IP addresses and ranges, ports, and other related attributes.[2]
IANA objectives[edit | edit source]
- Besides managing the DNS root zone, IANA also manages the .int registry, and the .arpa zone;
- Regarding number resources, IANA is entitled to coordinate the global IP respectively AS number space, allocating these to RIRs (Regional Internet Registries);
- IANA represents the main repository for number registries and protocol names. [3]
Domain Names[edit | edit source]
IANA is responsible for the administration of domain names which involves liaisons of TLD operators, with root name server operators, as well as operating with .int and .arpa zone.
In order to enable and better manage the allocation of Internationalized Domain Names (IDNs), IANA developed "IDN tables" which supply information related to admitted characters in different languages and other TLD related information. [4]
Protocol parameters[edit | edit source]
Based on IETF protocols, IANA is responsible with the administration of URI schemes (Uniform Resource Identifier) and character encoding for Internet use.
IP Address[edit | edit source]
IANA is responsible for the delegation of IP Addresses to RIRs. In their turn, each RIR (Regional Internet Registry) is responsible for the allocation of IP addresses depending on the zone/area they are managing. In the same way, when a RIR requests for more IP Addresses for allocation, IANA evaluates the request and is able to make an additional allocation for RIR. [5]