Pre-ICANN History of the DNS

year	Nontechnical events	technical events	consequential meetings	key figures	Network	community structure	why does it matter? reasoning? caveats?	sources
1969	arparnet network structure is designed		-	Howard Frank, Charles Herzfeld, Lawrence Roberts	ARPAnet	military led		ARPAnet, Britannica
		RFC 001		Steve Crocker
1971	The birth of email			Ray Tomlinson		military led, academically fullfilled		A Brief History of NSF and the Internet, NSF
	15 nodes and 23 host terminals in arpanet, mostly universities					military led, academically fullfilled
1972		numbering czar proposal		Jon Postel (1972-1998)	ARPAnet	military led, academically fullfilled	birth of DNS	The History of the Internet and the Colleges That Built It, EdTech
1983	IAB formed to run IETF & IRTF		-	Steve Crocker, Barry Leiner, Ken Harrenstien, Vic White	ARPAnet	military led, academically fullfilled	standardization of Internet's fundamental protocols: 1983-1994	History of IANA, ISOC
		TCP/IP becomes the new standard protocol suite for the ARPANET		Vint Cerf, Robert Kahn
		standardization of Whois		Elizabeth Feinler
1984		Japanese University Network	-	Jun Murai	ARPAnet	military, academically fullfilled	-	UDRP, ICANN Archives
		IAB Task Forces created		Dave Mills, Bob Braden, Bob Thomas, Steve Kent, Ray McFarland, Rob Cole, Jim Mathis, David Clark, Dave Hartman, Ed Cain
1986	-	the NSF created NSFNET	-	Dennis Jennings	NSFnet		no longer just for the military; early adopters and technophiles go online	Early Days, ICANN History Project
1987	the “network of networks" is now commonly called the "Internet"		-	Paul Mockapetris	NSFnet		-	ICANN Historical Timeline, ICANNWiki
		networks in the Americas, Europe, and Asia join TCP/IP backbone
		RFC 1035, RFC 1034;
	NSFNET exceeds ARPANET
1988	The term “IANA” officially used in RFC 1083	-	-	Joyce Reynolds	NSFnet		-	Technical Leaders Welcome IANA Globalization Progress, ICANN Announcements
1990					nsfnet	end of mainly military users		IDNs: Where are we now, ICANN
1991	the launch of the World Wide Web	-	-	Tim Berners-Lee, Steve Goldstein (1991-2003)	nsfnet	mainly academic: 1991-1995	-	Accountability, ICANN
1992	NSF allows/protects commercial traffic with "Acceptable Use Policy"	-	-	Susan Estrada	NSFnet		-	History, IAB
	ISOC is founded
1993	Network Solutions enters into a five-year contract with the NSF		-	Marilyn Cade (1993-2020); Marc Andreessen	Network Solutions era: the sole domain name registrar for .com, .net, and .org (1993-1998)	Transition to Private	interent becomes a legitimate public sphere	-
1994	China goes online		-	Hualin Qian	Network Solutions era: the sole domain name registrar for .com, .net, and .org (1993-1998)	Transition to Private	-	-
		RFC 1591		Postel
		NANOG founded		Elise Gerich, Mark Knopper, Bill Norton, Craig Labovitz, Susan Harris
1995	NSF awarded contracts to three network access points	-	-		Network Solutions era: the sole domain name registrar for .com, .net, and .org (1993-1998)	Transition to Private	-	-
	The first publicly available internet service in India was launched by state-owned VSNL
	Africa goes online			Nii Quaynor				Internet in Africa, UPENN African Studies Center, 24 March 1996
	Amazon is launched
1996	International Ad-Hoc Committee formed	-	-	Don Heath, Sally Abel, Albert Tramposch, David Maher, Jun Murai, Geoff Huston, Hank Nussbacher; Robert Shaw, Perry Metzger, Dave Crocker, George Strawn	IAHC	The dawn of Internet Governance, transition to private	-
	HughesNet begins offering satellite Internet commercially