Working Group

A Working Group (WG) is defined as a group of individuals or experts in a particular field who came together to achieve specific objectives. Different organizations like the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers and the Internet Engineering Task Force created different working groups to accomplish specific purposes. Based on RFC 2418, Working Groups are created to address specific problem or to produce one or more specific deliverables such as guidelines, standards or specifications. Working groups operate for a short period of time, generally upon completion of its goal. Its term may also be terminated for any other reason.

Organizations like IETF, ICANN etc. determine if there is a need or if it is appropriate to create a working group in order to resolve certain issues. Any organization provides guidelines and defines the criteria in establishing a working group. Every working group has a charter, which serves as an agreement between the working group and the organization. It contains the specific assignments of the working group that needs to be fulfilled.

ICANN Working Group

ICANN's supporting organizations have different working groups tasked to address or resolve different issues. Membership of the ICANN working groups are open to individuals within the ICANN community who are willing to volunteer their expertise on certain issues. The decision whether it is necessary to forming a working group for policy development is decided by ICANN's Supporting Organizations or Advisory Councils. Discussions and meeting of working groups are properly documented and translated using the 5 United Nations languages so that non-English speaking members of the internet community.Any decision or recommendation made by a working group will be evaluated by the SO and the ICANN Board.

The First ICANN Working Group

Historically, the first working group was created on June 12 1999 during the transition period of the management of the domain name system from the US government to ICANN. The interim DNSO Names Council of ICANN formed Working Group A to examine the Chapter 3 of the WIPO recommendations regarding the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy.Amadeu Abril i Abril of Nominalia and Jonathan Cohen of Federation International des Conseils en Propriete Industrielle were appointed co-chairs of Working Group A. Its initial members include:

• Mark Partridge
• Susan Anthony
• Michael Heltzer
• Ted Shapiro
• Peter Dengate Thrush
• Randy Bush
• Kathy Kleiman
• David Maher
• Ken Stubbs
• Jon Englund
• Luis H. de Larramendi
• Hirofumi Hotta
• Dr. Willie Black

Working Group A was criticized by University of Miami Law Professor Michael Froomkin. He described the working group as a failure and it is not properly constituted based on ICANN rules.He cited that working group A was not properly represented from each of the constituency under the DNSO, which is a requirement under the ICANN rules. According to him, the working group was manipulated and railroaded by the chairman by creating sub-groups, minimizing and disenfranchising inputs and points of view.

Despite criticisms, subsequent Working Groups were also created by the DNSO Names Council on June 25, 1999 to perform specific tasks such as:

• WG B - Protection on famous trade-marks
• WG C - Creation of new gTLDs
• WG D - DNSO business plan and internal procedures
• WG E - Global awareness and Outreach

GNSO Working Group Guidelines

On March 31, 2010, the Generic Names Supporting Organization proposed the creation of guidelines for working groups as part of its objective to improve its structure and operations. The GNSO Working Group Guidelines main purpose is to help the members of working groups/working teams to be able to deliver productive and effective results. On January 18, 2011, published the proposed GNSO Working Group Guidelines which was approved by the Policy Process Steering Committee. The public comment lasted until February 8, 2011.

Based on the GNSO Working Group Guidelines, once a decision is made to form a working group it should a call for volunteers should be announced and published within the internet community worldwide through the ICANN websites, stakeholder groups, supporting organizations and advisory committees, etc. to call for volunteers to ensure that its membership will be properly represented. Stake holder groups and constituencies must have representatives within the WG. This WG Guidelines may be also be adopted by other Chartering Organizations or SO.

The membership application will be received by the Chartering Organization Secretariat or their representatives. Applicants are required to submit expressions of interest, which will be verified by the secretariat. Upon verification, a confirmation of receipt will be sent accompanied by a request for Statement of Interest (SOI) as mandated by the GNSO Operating Procedures Chapter 5.0. Further instruction will be sent to applicant regarding Disclosure of Interest (DOI) and other matters.

The ICANN Staff is responsible in coordinating and planning the first meeting with the Chair, Interim Chair or Chartering Organization and providing the members of the working group with relevant background information, historical data before the first meeting.

During the first meeting of the WG, members will be introduced for team building and will be informed that they are expected to operate under the principles of transparency and openness. Members of the WG will also elect their leaders unless a chairman has been appointed by the Chartering Organization. The WG is required to review documents such as the Charter, Working Group Guidelines, Policy Development Process Guidebook, Issues Paper etc.

The GNSO Working Group Guidelines also enumerated the general roles and responsibilities of the working group including the specific duties of the chairman, vice-chairman, liaison and members. The WG members are also expected to ensure the integrity of the process, act based on ICANN's Expected Standards of Behavior set forth by the ICANN Accountability and Transparency Framework and the process on how to deal with a member who is obstructing the efforts of the WG.

GNSO Working Groups

Some of the GNSO Working Groups include:

• Inter-Registrar Transfer Policy (IRTP) Part B PDP Working Group
• Inter-Registrar Transfer Policy (IRTP) Part C PDP Working Group
• Post-Expiration Domain Name Recovery (PEDNR) PDP Working Group
• Geographic Regions Review Working Group
• Joint SO/AC WG on New gTLD Applicant Support (JAS WG)
• New gTLD Recommendation 6 GNSO, GAC, ALAC Cross-Community WG
• SSAC-GNSO IRDWG (Joint SO/AC WG)
• Fast Flux PDP Working Group
• Registration Abuse Policies Working Group (RAP WG)
• Vertical Integration PDP Working Group (VI WG)

Request For Comments

Internet Engineering Task Force

Deprecated. Domain Name Supporting Organization. Predecessor of the Generic Names Supporting Organization, which advised the Board with respect to policy issues relating to the Domain Name System (ICANN Bylaws).

Generic Names Supporting Organization. Develops and recommends to the Board substantive policies relating to generic top-level domains and other responsibilities set forth in the Bylaws (ICANN Bylaws).

Policy Development Process

Governmental Advisory Committee. Considers and provides advice on the activities of ICANN as they relate to concerns of governments, particularly matters where there may be an interaction between ICANN's policies and various laws and international agreements or where they may affect public policy issues (ICANN Bylaws).

At-Large Advisory Committee. Considers and provides advice on the activities of ICANN related to the interests of individual Internet users (ICANN Bylaws). Not to be confused with the Non-Commercial Stakeholder Group.

Security and Stability Advisory Committee. Advises the ICANN community and Board on matters relating to the security and integrity of the Internet's naming and address allocation systems (ICANN Bylaws).