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<big><b>[[Vertical Integration]]</b></big>
<br />
[[Vertical Integration]] (VI, or Cross Ownership) is a business structure in which the various functions of the [[Registry Operator]] and the [[Registrar]] are handled by a single body. This single body is either owned or is under supervision of the same company that supports the specific [[gTLD]]; alternatively, the controlling body can be a partnered company that is given the contract of the gTLD. The Registry Operator is not required to provide equivalent access and non-discriminatory access to non-affiliated registrars to sell names under its gTLD. Related policies are developed by ICANN's [[Vertical Integration Working Group]] (VIWG). Vertical Integration was banned by ICANN for much of its history, requiring instead [[Vertical Separation]]; but in November 2010, the [[ICANN Board]] changed its position on Vertical Separation and moved to implement Vertical Integration to foster greater innovation, competition, and presumably provide the consumer with differentiated and lower-priced options.


<strong>([[Vertical Integration|Read the full article...]])</strong>
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[[NETmundial]] (Alternatively, the Global Multistakeholder Meeting on the Future of Internet Governance) was a two-day global meeting on the topic of [[Internet governance]], attended by a group of stakeholders including government officials, representatives of global Internet organizations, civil society, and academia. The meeting took place in São Paulo, Brazil between 23-24 April 2014. It was hosted by the Brazilian government in the Grand Hyatt Hotel.
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