ICANN Terms

The following terms are commonly used by the ICANN Community.

Actors/Roles edit

CA – a third party company that issues digital certificates and public-private keys as a part of a chosen Public Key Infrastructure.
Domainer – a person who buys and sells domain names, seeking to profit from selling at a higher price later or from advertising activities.
ICANN Fellow – A member of the Internet community and recipient of a grant provided by the ICANN Fellowship Program.
Internet Service Provider
Independent Objector – a position created by ICANN to determine if a new gTLD application is in the best interest of the Internet community.
NIC – A network information center manages a registry and contracts with the registrars accredited to sell domains under a given TLD.
Registrant – A person who has registered a domain name through a registrar.
Registrar – A company that is authorized to sell domain names.
Stakeholder

DNS Stability Panel reviews proposed new TLD applications to ensure that they will not harm the security and stability of the Internet.
GA – the General Assembly Mailing List is an open forum for participation for the GNSO.
Constituency
ICANN Studienkreis – an open network of experts dedicated to organizing high-level seminars on Internet industry and governance
IESG – the Internet Engineering Steering Group oversees the technical management of the IETF.
ICANN Bodies
MAG
PAB – Policy Advisory Board
RSTEP
TDG
TLG

ASIWG – Arabic Script IDN Working Group
CCWG-IG – Cross-Community Working Group on Internet Governance
FFWG
IDN WG
JIG – The Joint ccNSO-GNSO IDN Working Group deals with the introduction of IDN ccTLDs under the Fast Track Implementation Process
PDP-WT
PEDNR WG
RAP WG
VIWG
WGIG

IETF – The Internet Engineering Task Force is a large open international community of network designers, operators, vendors, and researchers concerned with the evolution of the Internet architecture and the smooth operation of the Internet.
Whois Task Force

CERT – A Computer Emergency Response Team or Computer Security Incident Response Team is a group designated to handle computer security.
Communications and Coordination Work Team – GNSO team for developing proposals for the Council in response to recommendations made by the BGC WG.
GCOT– the GNSO team for identifying areas for review to best seat a new Council and gather OSC feedback
IRT The Implementation Recommendation Team is an Intellectual Property Constituency-created group of consumer protection and trademark law experts.
STI-DT

BGC - a committee established to enhance the performance of the Board, lead the annual Board performance review, including the CEO, and recommend nominees for Board Chair, Vice Chair, and other leadership positions.
CEO Search Committee
OSC – GNSO Operations Steering Committee
PPSC
SIC
TMC

Applicant Guidebook – ICANN guidebook for applying for new gTLDs in the New gTLD Program
Community Objection – a formal public comment made during the objection period of the New gTLD Program.
GPML – Global Protected Marks List was created to provide additional protection to Intellectual Property holders.
Green Paper – The Proposal to Improve the Technical Management of Internet Names and Addresses was released by the NTIA in the Federal Register on February 20, 1998.
GTLD-MoU Generic Top Level Domain Name-Memorandum of Understanding, containing proposals to resolve problems associated with DNS domain name allocations, was introduced on February 28, 1997, by the Internet Ad Hoc Committee.
ICANN Bylaws

APTLD – the Association for ccTLD registries in the Asia Pacific region
ASIP – a non-profit organization, based in Jordan, for developing and modernizing intellectual property laws and systems in Arab countries.
CORE – The Internet Council of Registrars is a non-profit organization formed in 1996 based on the gTLD-MoU to assist the launch of domain name spaces
ICANN
IGF
ISOC – The Internet Society
PTI –

ADR – an Alternative Dispute Resolution is a process for helping parties under dispute resolve their argument without filing any litigation.
Batching – ICANN's process for dividing applications for the new gTLD program into batches.
Digital Archery – ICANN mechanism for determining the processing time or batch slots for each gTLD application using target time variance.
Public Comment
RSEP – ICANN process for screening and approving proposals made by gTLD operators for new registry services.

Cybersquatting – attempting to profit by purchasing domain names made of marketable and trademark-related terms and later reselling or licensing those names back to the companies that developed the trademark
Data Escrow – storing data with a neutral third party in case of registry or registrar failure, accreditation termination, or accreditation relapse without renewal.
Defensive Registration – registering domain names, often across multiple TLDs and in various grammatical formats, to protect intellectual property from DNS abuse.
Delegation – entering a new TLD into the Root Zone of the Internet.
Direct Navigation – visiting a website while bypassing online search engines to arrive at the desired domain.
Domain Kiting – returning a name just before the five-day period expires and re-registering it again as soon as it becomes available.
Domain Monetization – purchasing domain names and then either selling, leasing, or parking them to earn money.
Domain Tasting using the free five-day grace period at the beginning of ICANN's registration process to test the marketability of a specific domain name.
Drop-Catching – the auto-registration of domains at the moment of their deletion.

Fellowship Program
New gTLD Program – a process by which ICANN accepts applications to add new TLDs to the Root Zone.
NextGen@ICANN

ARPANET – the first wide-area packet-switching network with distributed control to implement the TCP/IP protocol suite; the technical foundation of the Internet.

DNS – The Domain Name System translates between alphanumeric domain names and IP Addresses.
Root Zone –

FTP – a TCP/IP-based network protocol to transmit files from one computer to another through the Internet.

Domain Name – An identification string that represents an IP resource, such as a computer, website, or service.
DNSSEC extensions that enable communication authentication between hosts and DNS data, while ensuring data integrity.
IDN – An Internationalized Domain Names is formed using characters from different scripts, such as Arabic, Chinese, Cyrillic, or Devanagari. These are encoded by the Unicode standard following IDN protocol.
Internet Layer
IP – Internet Protocol is the means by which data is sent from one computer to another via an Internet connection.
IP Address – the unique number given to every computer connected to the Internet. This number allows users and other computers to find each other.
Internet Protocol Suite
IPv4
IPv6
TLD – The Top Level Domain is the last part of a domain name; see the main article for more info on types of TLDs.
WHOIS is a query and response protocol for querying databases that store the registered users or assignees of an Internet resource, such as a domain name, an IP address block, or an autonomous system.