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The '''Country Code Names Supporting Organization (ccNSO)''' is a body within [[ICANN]] created by and for [[ccTLD]] managers. It provides a forum for topical issues relating to ccTLDs from a global perspective.<ref>[https://ccnso.icann.org ccNSO.icann.org]</ref>
'''ccNSO''' is the acronym for '''Country Code Names Supporting Organization''', which is an advisory body within [[ICANN]] created by and for [[ccTLD]] managers. The ccNSO is a consortium of working groups and the ccNSO Council, and it works in conjunction with other supporting organizations and bodies within ICANN.  


==Overview==
==Overview==
The ccNSO was founded in 2003 and since then this organization has been a highly effective forum for [[ccTLD]] managers from all over the world. The ccNSO is the forum for global discussions and debates regarding issues related to ccTLDs.
The ccNSO provides a platform for nurturing consensus, technical cooperation, skill-building, and facilitating the development and implementation of best practices for [[ccTLD]]s and their managers.
 
In order to nurture consensus, the ccNSO also offers a platform for technical cooperation and development of practical skills for [[ccTLD]] managers. The best practices among ccTLD managers are  shared within Working Group forums for improved development and cooperation. They also then share their recommendations with the [[ICANN Board]].<ref>[http://ccnso.icann.org/about CcNSO General Information]</ref>
 
During the last few years of activity, the ccNSO has mainly focused and worked on the development of fast track [[ccTLD]] introduction in conjunction with [[IDN]]s, as well as the implementation of ccTLD changes according to [[ICANN]]'s bylaws.<ref>[http://ccnso.icann.org/about CcNSO focus]</ref>


===ccNSO Membership===
The ccNSO provides ccTLD managers a way to work together with other stakeholders and communities, such as the Government Advisory Committee ([[GAC]]) and the Generic Names Supporting Organisation ([[GNSO]]).<ref>[http://ccnso.icann.org/about CcNSO General Information]</ref>
In order to become a ccNSO member an application must be filled out; however, there are no fees or costs incurred by becoming a ccNSO member. Joining ccNSO is easy, but is limited to to ccTLD Managers (this is according to the [[ICANN]] Bylaws Article IX).<ref>[http://ccnso.icann.org/ccnso/applications CcNSO Membership Application]</ref>


The following rules apply:
==ccNSO Membership==
# Membership of the ccNSO is open for all ccTLD managers responsible for managing an ISO 3166 country-code top-level domain;<ref>[http://ccnso.icann.org/about CcNSO Membership]</ref>
Membership in the ccNSO is open to all managers of an [[ISO]] 3166 country-code top-level domain. The managers must apply, but there are no fees or costs incurred by becoming a ccNSO member.<ref>[https://ccnso.icann.org/en/ccnso/applications ccNSO Membership]</ref> A ccTLD registry operator's participation in the ccNSO is entirely voluntary. Likewise, they do not have to adopt nor are they bound by ICANN consensus policies; ccTLDs can operate without interference from ICANN.<ref>[http://www.circleid.com/posts/20130917_who_are_the_true_multi_stakeholders_in_icann Who are the true multi-stakeholders in ICANN ''CircleID'' 17 Sep 2013]</ref>
# Any organization managing an IDN ccTLD is eligible for ccNSO membership;
# In the case where one entity manages more than one ccTLD only one membership to the ccNSO is accepted;
# Multiple memberships are not given to entities that work with synchronized ccTLDS.<ref>[http://aptld.org/file/2010oct/112c_Hiro_IDNatAPTLD.pdf CcNSO Membership Questions]</ref>


===ccNSO Responsibilities===
Besides supplying and providing a platform for technical cooperation and a forum for ccTLD related problems and issues, the ccNSO has other responsibilities, such as:
* Advising the [[ICANN Board]] on global policies related to ccTLD issues.
* Policy development through the ccNSO Council.
* Cooperate with ccTLD managers and stakeholders of ICANN;
* Organize effective working groups.
==ccNSO Council==
==ccNSO Council==
The ccNSO is overseen by its council, which is in charge of coordinating the functions of the larger group and managing its policy recommendations. The councillors lead many ccNSO discussions and aim to develop official community positions for their board recommendations. Between the 3 ICANN conferences the council makes a point of meeting via conference calls.
The ccNSO is overseen by its [[ccNSO Council|council]], which is in charge of coordinating the functions of the larger group and managing its policy recommendations. The councilors lead many ccNSO discussions and aim to develop official community positions for their board recommendations. Between the three ICANN conferences, the council hosts meetings via conference calls.


There are 3 councillors per global region, and also 3 councillors chosen by ICANN's [[NomCom]]. A term on the Council lasts three years, and the election cycle is staggered so that each year there are a total of 18 councillors representing 5 regions. The additional 3 chosen by the NomCom are chosen to represent a business perspective from outside the ccTLD community. All councillors are able to be re-appointed following the conclusion of their term.<ref>[http://ccnso.icann.org/council-role.htm ccNSO.ICANN.org]</ref>
There are three councilors per global region, and three councilors are chosen by ICANN's [[NomCom]]. A term on the Council lasts three years, and the election cycle is staggered so that each year there are a total of 18 councilors representing five regions. The three chosen by the NomCom represent a business perspective from outside the ccTLD community. All councilors are able to be re-appointed following the conclusion of their term.<ref>[http://ccnso.icann.org/council-role.htm ccNSO.ICANN.org]</ref>
===Councillors===
===Councilors===
Current councillors include:<ref>[http://ccnso.icann.org/council-members.htm ccNSO.ICANN.org]</ref>  
Current councilors include:<ref>[http://ccnso.icann.org/council-members.htm ccNSO.ICANN.org]</ref>  


'''Africa:'''
'''Africa:'''
* [[Vika Mpisane]] (Term ends March 2012)
* [[Ali Hadji Mmadi]] (Term ends March 2024)
* [[Paulos Nyirenda]] (Term ends March 2013)
* [[Biyi Oladipo]] (Term ends March 2025) ('''Vice Chair''')
* [[Souleymane Oumtanaga]] (Term ends March 2014)
* [[Molehe Wesi]] (Term ends March 2026)


'''Asia Pacific'''
'''Asia Pacific'''
* [[Young Eum Lee]] (Term ends March 2012)
* [[Jiankang Yao]] (Term ends March 2024)
* [[Keith Davidson]] (Term ends March 2013)
* [[Jordan Carter]] (Term ends Mar 2025) ('''Vice Chair''')
* [[Hirofumi Hotta]] (Term ends March 2014)
* [[Ai-Chin Lu]] (Term ends March 2026)


'''Europe'''
'''Europe'''
* [[Juhani Juselius]] (Term ends March 2012)
* [[Irina Danelia]] (Term ends March 2024)  
* [[Lesley Cowley]] (Term ends March 2013) ('''Chair''')
* [[Nick Wenban-Smith]] (Term ends March 2025)
* [[Roelof Meijer]] (Term ends March 2014)
* [[Chris Disspain]] (Term ends March 2026)


'''Latin America'''
'''Latin America'''
* [[Patricio Poblete]] (Term ends March 2012)
* [[Jenifer Lopez]] (Term ends March 2024)
* [[Rolando Toledo]] (Term ends March 2013)
* [[Demi Getschko]] (Term ends March 2025)  
* [[Victor Abboud]] (Term ends March 2014)
* [[Alejandra Reynoso]] (Term ends March 2026) ('''Chair''')


'''North America'''
'''North America'''
* [[Byron Holland]] (Term ends March 2012) ('''Vice Chair''')
* [[Sean Copeland]] (Term ends March 2024)  
* [[Fernando Espana]] (Term ends March 2013)
* [[Pablo Rodriguez]] (Term ends March 2025)  
* [[Dotty Sparks de Blanc]] (Term ends March 2014)
* [[Stephen Deerhake]] (Term ends March 2026)


'''Nominating Committee Appointees'''
'''Nominating Committee Appointees'''
* [[Jian Zhang]] (Term ends at [[Annual Meeting]], 2011)
* [[Tatiana Tropina]] (Term ends at [[AGM]] 2024)
* [[Becky Burr]] (Term ends at [[Annual Meeting]], 2012)
* [[Olga Cavalli]] (Term ends [[AGM]] 2025)
* [[Sokol Haxhiu]] (Term ends at [[Annual Meeting]], 2013)
* [[Javier Rua-Jovet]] (Term ends at [[Annual Meeting]] 2023)
 
The ccNSO also contributes one member to [[ICANN]]'s NomCom, and this position is currently held by [[Annebeth Lange]].<ref>[https://www.icann.org/nomcom2017/#members ICANN's NomCom]</ref>
 
==ccNSO Policy Development Process==
The ccNSO develops and recommends global policies to the [[ICANN Board]] for issues relating to ccTLDs. These processes are managed by the [[#ccNSO Council|ccNSO Council]] and typically organized through Working Groups. One of the key issues on which the ccNSO has made policy recommendations was on the introduction of Internationalised Domain Name ([[IDN]]) [[ccTLDs]].
The process is as follows:
# The ccNSO Council, ICANN Board, a Regional ccTLD organization, an SO/AC, or 10 members of the ccNSO requests an Issue Report.
# The ccNSO Council appoints an issue manager, who determines whether the issue is within the scope of ccNSO, which is defined and limited in the [[ICANN Bylaws]].
# If the issue falls within ccNSO's scope and the Council approves the Issue Report, a formal PDP begins, with the ccNSO Council giving public notice and opening a [[Public Comment]] period.
# The ccNSO Council appoints a [[Working Group]] to develop the policy and submit an Initial Report for the Public Comment Period.
# The WG reviews the comments and produces a Final Report, which it sends to the [[GAC]] for input.
# The ccNSO engages in a two-stage vote. First, the ccNSO Council deliberates over the Final Report. If the council approves, then it makes recommendations to ccNSO members. Second, the members vote and if they approve, the ccNSO submits the Final Report to the [[ICANN Board]].
# The ICANN Board votes on the Final Report recommendations.<ref>[https://www.icann.org/resources/pages/governance/bylaws-en/#annexB Bylaws Annex B]</ref>
===ccPDPs===
* [[ccNSO Policy Development Process - Country Codes]]
* [[ccNSO Policy Development Process - Review Mechanism]]
* [[ccNSO Policy Development Process - Retirement]]
* [[ccNSO Policy Development Process - IDN Strings]]
==History==
One of the biggest complaints with the structuring of ICANN's [[DNSO]] came from [[ccTLD]] registry operators, who felt that the [[SO|supporting organization]] was mainly concerned with gTLDs and that they needed their own separate organization. On October 29, 2002, the country code managers emphasized their dissatisfaction by withdrawing completely from the DNSO.<ref>[http://www.ccwhois.org/elections/ Elections, ccWHois.org]</ref> This action prompted and expedited the replacement of the DNSO with the [[GNSO]], which was created in December 2002. Work began on creating the [[Country Code Names Supporting Organization]] (ccNSO) in September 2002, culminating in the creation of the ccNSO at ICANN 17 in June 2003.<ref>[http://law.bepress.com/context/uiuclwps/article/1097/viewcontent Law.Bepress.com]</ref>
 
==ccNSO Review==
On August 29, 2019, [[Meridian Institute]] (MI) released the final report of its review of the ccNSO. The review asked whether 1) the ccNSO has a continuing purpose in ICANN; 2) structural or operational changes would improve the ICANN body's effectiveness; and 3) ccNSO is accountable to all stakeholders. To answer these questions, MI conducted 45 targeted stakeholder semi-structured interviews, administered an online survey resulting in 78 complete responses from 111 individuals, observed [[ICANN 63]] and [[ICANN 64]], and gathered feedback from the [[Review Work Party]] (RWP), at [[ICANN 64]] and [[ICANN 65]], and the [[Public Comment]] proceedings.<ref>[https://www.icann.org/en/system/files/files/ccnso-review-assessment-recs-final-29aug19-en.pdf CcNSO Review Executive Summary (p. 6)]</ref>
 
===Review Findings===
{| class="wikitable"
! Issue  !! Recommendation 1 !! Recommendation 2      !! Recommendation 3
|-
| Continuing purpose || Generate materials that articulate the value of the ccNSO to potential, new, and current members ||  ||
|-
| More participation, diversity, and leadership needed in WG/Committees || Amend Annex B of the Guidelines to say that the Call for nominations, Selection Process, and Selection Criteria shall employ a 1/3 quota system for individuals with < 3 years|| Make a roster of volunteers and their contact information || Standardize the process for nominating/appointing WG Chairs
|-
| IANA Naming Function Review Team || Bylaws should allow the 3 ccNSO seats to be geographically diverse and membership-neutral ||  ||
|-
| CcNSO Council || Limit the number of consecutive terms a Councilor can serve, with an option for a waiver if needed (the 2010 ccNSO Review included this recommendation, but it was not adopted then due to lack of feasibility across all regions) ||  ||
|-
| CcNSO Meetings Programme Committee || Small regional group discussions are needed, followed by small group topical discussions to encourage more participation || ICANN should provide real-time scribing of ccNSO meetings  ||
|-
| Onboarding || Translate ccNSO course on the ICANN Learn portal into most common languages || Streamline the mentorship program || include newcomer resources on the website
|-
| Accountability || Immediately update the website, which is the most outdated of all SO/ACs || CcNSO Council should adhere to council practice guidelines || Future Independent Examiners should have access to archived mailing lists and be able to join as an observer to the mailing lists<ref>[https://www.icann.org/en/system/files/files/ccnso-review-assessment-recs-final-29aug19-en.pdf Ccnso Review Report Recommendations (p.p. 59-62)]</ref>
|}
 
===Review Work Party Response===
{| class="wikitable"
! Recommendation !! Y/N !! RWP reason/action !! However...
|-
| Communications Materials || N || The pool of next-generation ccTLD managers is very limited; it is not worth the effort || Will make an "outreach and engagement framework" 
|-
| 1/3 quota  || N || Too limiting and members rely on their employers to be able to participate ||
|-
| Volunteer roster || N  || Tried it before; didn't work ||
|-
| Standardize process for nominating/appointing WG chairs || N || Only an issue of perception; members know about the process ||
|-
| IANA Team || N || Already implemented ||
|-
| Limit consecutive council terms || N || Too hard to find other councilor candidates ||
|-
| More participation at ccNSO Meetings Programme Committee || N || Already offer virtual meetings ||
|-
| Real-Time scribing || Y || Will continue to ask for the service || It is up to ICANN
|-
| Improve onboarding || Y || Will continue to ask for the service || It is up to ICANN
|-
| Better mentorship program || Y || Will begin thinking about a framework ||
|-
| Newcomer resources || Y  || Depends on improvement to website || Difficult and not urgent
|-
| Update website || Y || Will send a letter to [[ICANN Board]]; top priority || It is up to ICANN
|-
| Adhere to guidelines || N || Council already does; the agenda and decision list are published in time ||
|-
| IE access to mailing list || Y || Depends on information shared || Only for verification purposes<ref>[https://www.icann.org/en/system/files/files/ccnso-review-faiip-07jul20-en.pdf CCNSO Feasibility Assessment and Implementation Plan]</ref>
|}


The ccNSO also contributes one member to [[ICANN]]'s NomCom, this position is currently held by [[Giovanni Sepia]].<ref>[http://nomcom.icann.org/members-2011.htm NomCom.ICANN.org]</ref>
==More Information==
For more information on the ccNSO, visit the official website at [https://ccnso.icann.org ccNSO.ICANN.org].


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}


[[Category: Glossary]]
[[Category: ICANN Bodies]]
[[Category: Constituencies]]
[[Category:Featured]]
[[Category: Organizations]]
__NOTOC__

Latest revision as of 18:54, 24 April 2023

Industry: ccTLDs
Founded: 2003
Members: 165
Website: CCNSO.ICANN.org

The Country Code Names Supporting Organization (ccNSO) is a body within ICANN created by and for ccTLD managers. It provides a forum for topical issues relating to ccTLDs from a global perspective.[1]

Overview[edit | edit source]

The ccNSO provides a platform for nurturing consensus, technical cooperation, skill-building, and facilitating the development and implementation of best practices for ccTLDs and their managers.

The ccNSO provides ccTLD managers a way to work together with other stakeholders and communities, such as the Government Advisory Committee (GAC) and the Generic Names Supporting Organisation (GNSO).[2]

ccNSO Membership[edit | edit source]

Membership in the ccNSO is open to all managers of an ISO 3166 country-code top-level domain. The managers must apply, but there are no fees or costs incurred by becoming a ccNSO member.[3] A ccTLD registry operator's participation in the ccNSO is entirely voluntary. Likewise, they do not have to adopt nor are they bound by ICANN consensus policies; ccTLDs can operate without interference from ICANN.[4]

ccNSO Council[edit | edit source]

The ccNSO is overseen by its council, which is in charge of coordinating the functions of the larger group and managing its policy recommendations. The councilors lead many ccNSO discussions and aim to develop official community positions for their board recommendations. Between the three ICANN conferences, the council hosts meetings via conference calls.

There are three councilors per global region, and three councilors are chosen by ICANN's NomCom. A term on the Council lasts three years, and the election cycle is staggered so that each year there are a total of 18 councilors representing five regions. The three chosen by the NomCom represent a business perspective from outside the ccTLD community. All councilors are able to be re-appointed following the conclusion of their term.[5]

Councilors[edit | edit source]

Current councilors include:[6]

Africa:

Asia Pacific

Europe

Latin America

North America

Nominating Committee Appointees

The ccNSO also contributes one member to ICANN's NomCom, and this position is currently held by Annebeth Lange.[7]

ccNSO Policy Development Process[edit | edit source]

The ccNSO develops and recommends global policies to the ICANN Board for issues relating to ccTLDs. These processes are managed by the ccNSO Council and typically organized through Working Groups. One of the key issues on which the ccNSO has made policy recommendations was on the introduction of Internationalised Domain Name (IDN) ccTLDs. The process is as follows:

  1. The ccNSO Council, ICANN Board, a Regional ccTLD organization, an SO/AC, or 10 members of the ccNSO requests an Issue Report.
  2. The ccNSO Council appoints an issue manager, who determines whether the issue is within the scope of ccNSO, which is defined and limited in the ICANN Bylaws.
  3. If the issue falls within ccNSO's scope and the Council approves the Issue Report, a formal PDP begins, with the ccNSO Council giving public notice and opening a Public Comment period.
  4. The ccNSO Council appoints a Working Group to develop the policy and submit an Initial Report for the Public Comment Period.
  5. The WG reviews the comments and produces a Final Report, which it sends to the GAC for input.
  6. The ccNSO engages in a two-stage vote. First, the ccNSO Council deliberates over the Final Report. If the council approves, then it makes recommendations to ccNSO members. Second, the members vote and if they approve, the ccNSO submits the Final Report to the ICANN Board.
  7. The ICANN Board votes on the Final Report recommendations.[8]

ccPDPs[edit | edit source]

History[edit | edit source]

One of the biggest complaints with the structuring of ICANN's DNSO came from ccTLD registry operators, who felt that the supporting organization was mainly concerned with gTLDs and that they needed their own separate organization. On October 29, 2002, the country code managers emphasized their dissatisfaction by withdrawing completely from the DNSO.[9] This action prompted and expedited the replacement of the DNSO with the GNSO, which was created in December 2002. Work began on creating the Country Code Names Supporting Organization (ccNSO) in September 2002, culminating in the creation of the ccNSO at ICANN 17 in June 2003.[10]

ccNSO Review[edit | edit source]

On August 29, 2019, Meridian Institute (MI) released the final report of its review of the ccNSO. The review asked whether 1) the ccNSO has a continuing purpose in ICANN; 2) structural or operational changes would improve the ICANN body's effectiveness; and 3) ccNSO is accountable to all stakeholders. To answer these questions, MI conducted 45 targeted stakeholder semi-structured interviews, administered an online survey resulting in 78 complete responses from 111 individuals, observed ICANN 63 and ICANN 64, and gathered feedback from the Review Work Party (RWP), at ICANN 64 and ICANN 65, and the Public Comment proceedings.[11]

Review Findings[edit | edit source]

Issue Recommendation 1 Recommendation 2 Recommendation 3
Continuing purpose Generate materials that articulate the value of the ccNSO to potential, new, and current members
More participation, diversity, and leadership needed in WG/Committees Amend Annex B of the Guidelines to say that the Call for nominations, Selection Process, and Selection Criteria shall employ a 1/3 quota system for individuals with < 3 years Make a roster of volunteers and their contact information Standardize the process for nominating/appointing WG Chairs
IANA Naming Function Review Team Bylaws should allow the 3 ccNSO seats to be geographically diverse and membership-neutral
CcNSO Council Limit the number of consecutive terms a Councilor can serve, with an option for a waiver if needed (the 2010 ccNSO Review included this recommendation, but it was not adopted then due to lack of feasibility across all regions)
CcNSO Meetings Programme Committee Small regional group discussions are needed, followed by small group topical discussions to encourage more participation ICANN should provide real-time scribing of ccNSO meetings
Onboarding Translate ccNSO course on the ICANN Learn portal into most common languages Streamline the mentorship program include newcomer resources on the website
Accountability Immediately update the website, which is the most outdated of all SO/ACs CcNSO Council should adhere to council practice guidelines Future Independent Examiners should have access to archived mailing lists and be able to join as an observer to the mailing lists[12]

Review Work Party Response[edit | edit source]

Recommendation Y/N RWP reason/action However...
Communications Materials N The pool of next-generation ccTLD managers is very limited; it is not worth the effort Will make an "outreach and engagement framework"
1/3 quota N Too limiting and members rely on their employers to be able to participate
Volunteer roster N Tried it before; didn't work
Standardize process for nominating/appointing WG chairs N Only an issue of perception; members know about the process
IANA Team N Already implemented
Limit consecutive council terms N Too hard to find other councilor candidates
More participation at ccNSO Meetings Programme Committee N Already offer virtual meetings
Real-Time scribing Y Will continue to ask for the service It is up to ICANN
Improve onboarding Y Will continue to ask for the service It is up to ICANN
Better mentorship program Y Will begin thinking about a framework
Newcomer resources Y Depends on improvement to website Difficult and not urgent
Update website Y Will send a letter to ICANN Board; top priority It is up to ICANN
Adhere to guidelines N Council already does; the agenda and decision list are published in time
IE access to mailing list Y Depends on information shared Only for verification purposes[13]

More Information[edit | edit source]

For more information on the ccNSO, visit the official website at ccNSO.ICANN.org.

References[edit | edit source]

Country Code Names Supporting Organization. Develops and recommends to the Board global policies relating to country-code top-level domains (ICANN Bylaws).

Deprecated. Domain Name Supporting Organization. Predecessor of the Generic Names Supporting Organization, which advised the Board with respect to policy issues relating to the Domain Name System (ICANN Bylaws).

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